scholarly journals IOT process for sugar beet productivity by long-term use of phosphorus fertilisers on irrigated light chestnut soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2/4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yerkin Suleimenov ◽  
Gulzhan Zhaksybayeva ◽  
Amangeldy Umbetov ◽  
Alimbay Balgabayev ◽  
Aigerim Shibikeyeva
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Chestnut Soil ◽  
Light Chestnut Soil

scholarly journals Yield of sugar beet and changes in phosphorus fractions in relation to long term P fertilization in chestnut soil of Kazakhstan

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Gulzhan ZHAKSYBAYEVA ◽  
Alimbay BALGABAYEV ◽  
Tursunay VASSİLİNA ◽  
Aigerim SHİBİKEYEVA ◽  
Almagul MALİMBAYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Chestnut Soil ◽  
Phosphorus Fractions ◽  
P Fertilization

scholarly journals Effect of EPSPS Gene Copy Number and Glyphosate Selection on Fitness of Glyphosate-Resistant Bassia Scoparia in The Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlemagne Ajoc Lim ◽  
Prashant Jha ◽  
Vipan Kumar ◽  
Alan T. Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Gene Copy Number ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Gene Copy ◽  
Epsps Gene ◽  
Gene Copies

Abstract The widespread evolution of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Bassia scoparia in the U.S. Great Plains poses a serious threat to the long-term sustainability of GR sugar beet. Glyphosate resistance in B. scoparia is due to an increase in the EPSPS (5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate) gene copy number. The variation in EPSPS gene copies among individuals from within a single GR B. scoparia population indicated a differential response to glyphosate selection. We tested the hypothesis of reduced GR B. scoparia fitness (reproductive traits) to increasing glyphosate rates (applied as single or sequential applications) potentially experienced within a GR sugar beet field. The variation in EPSPS gene copy number and total glyphosate rate (single or sequential applications) did not influence any of the reproductive traits of GR B. scoparia, except seed production. Sequential applications of glyphosate with a total rate of 2,214 g ae ha− 1 or higher prevented seed production in B. scoparia plants with 2–4 (low levels of resistance) and 5–6 (moderate levels of resistance) EPSPS gene copies. Timely sequential applications of glyphosate (full recommended rates) can potentially slow down the evolution of GR B. scoparia with low to moderate levels of resistance (2–6 EPSPS gene copies), but any survivors (highly-resistant individuals with ≥ 8 EPSPS gene copies) need to be mechanically removed before flowering from GR sugar beet fields. This research warrants the need to adopt ecologically based, multi-tactic strategies to reduce exposure of B. scoparia to glyphosate in GR sugar beet.

scholarly journals Agro-economic substantiation of the feasibility of green manured fallow in sugar beet crop rotations of the Central Chernozem Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Alexander Akimenko ◽  
Vyacheslav Sviridov ◽  
Tatiana Dudkina
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
Sugar Beet Crop ◽  
Absolute Decrease ◽  
Central Chernozem

The aim of the study is to find out the feasibility of including green manured fallow in specialized sugar beet crop rotations by comparing necessary assessment indicators with their values in a traditional crop rotation with black fallow against the background of unequal fertilization levels. The study was based on the analysis of experimental data from a long-term stationary experiment, laid out simultaneously in all fields and variants on typical chernozem in triplicate. The results are as follows: within the same fertilization levels, no significant differences in the yield of winter wheat (sugar beet precursor) were revealed, and the yield of sugar beet in a crop rotation with green manured fallow was stably higher (no more than 5 to 7%), an increase in yield relative to the control fertilizer variant (6 tons of manure per hectare per year) against the background of a double rate of manure in combination with mineral fertilizers amounted to 21.7 to 23.4% for wheat and 14.3 to 15.6% for beets with an increase in the productivity of crop rotations (in natural and value terms) by 1.2 times, but an increase in costs by 1.3 times caused an absolute decrease in the level of profitability by 23 to 25%. Differences in the assessment indicators for specific fertilization variants increased over time due to an unequal degree of soil fertility reproduction, and therefore in the fifth cycle of the crop rotation with black fallow turned out to be 1.1 to 1.3 times greater than in the green manured rotation.

Long-term organic fertilization effect on chernozem structure

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Słowińska-Jurkiewicz ◽  
M. Bryk ◽  
V.V. Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Farm Yard Manure ◽  
Soil Structures ◽  
Fertilization Effect

Abstract The objective of the study was to examine the structure of typical Ukrainian chernozem developed on loess, which (I) had been fertilized by standard crop rotation since 1912 with farm yard manure at the rate of 16 t ha-1 and (II) had not been fertilized with farm yard manure by sugar beet monoculture since 1929. After harvest of winter wheat and sugar beet, the samples of undisturbed structure were taken from 5 layers of both profiles: 0-8, 10-18, 20-28, 30-38, and 40-48 cm. The morphological analysis of the structure of the investigated chernozem revealed that the most visible differences between the soil structures of the two pedons occurred in their superficial layers. The 0-18 cm layer of the soil in the experiment I had an aggregate structure, whereas analogous layer of the soil in experiment II was much more compacted. Below about 30 cm from the ground level both pedons had very similar structure. For the soil in the experiment I an appropriate crop rotation and regular supplies of organic matter allowed for preservation of a favourable structure even in the upper layers - in contrast to the soil in the experiment II.

scholarly journals Effect of crop canopy and herbicide application on kochia (Bassia scoparia) density and seed production

Weed Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-284
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G. Mosqueda ◽  
Charlemagne A. Lim ◽  
Gustavo M. Sbatella ◽  
Prashant Jha ◽  
Nevin C. Lawrence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Crop Canopy ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Sites Of Action ◽  
Germinable Seed

AbstractUnderstanding the effects of crop management practices on weed survival and seed production is imperative in improving long-term weed management strategies, especially for herbicide-resistant weed populations. Kochia [Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott] is an economically important weed in western North American cropping systems for many reasons, including prolific seed production and evolved resistance to numerous herbicide sites of action. Field studies were conducted in 2014 in a total of four field sites in Wyoming, Montana, and Nebraska to quantify the impact of different crop canopies and herbicide applications on B. scoparia density and seed production. Crops used in this study were spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), and corn (Zea mays L.). Herbicide treatments included either acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors effective on non-resistant B. scoparia or a non–ALS inhibiting herbicide effective for both ALS-resistant and ALS-susceptible B. scoparia. Bassia scoparia density midseason was affected more by herbicide choice than by crop canopy, whereas B. scoparia seed production per plant was affected more by crop canopy compared with herbicide treatment. Our results suggest that crop canopy and herbicide treatments were both influential on B. scoparia seed production per unit area, which is likely a key indicator of long-term management success for this annual weed species. The lowest germinable seed production per unit area was observed in spring wheat treated with non–ALS inhibiting herbicides, and the greatest germinable seed production was observed in sugar beet treated with ALS-inhibiting herbicides. The combined effects of crop canopy and herbicide treatment can minimize B. scoparia establishment and seed production.

Aphids caught on sticky traps in eastern England in relation to the spread of yellowing viruses of sugar-beet

1974 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Heathcote
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
General Increase ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Linear Regressions

AbstractLong-term records of aphid catches on two sticky traps, one at Rothamsted (1942–64) and one at Broom's Barn (1960–64) are extended to 1973 and are supplemented by data from up to 12 sticky traps in sugar-beet crops in eastern England (1960–73). The incidence of yellowing viruses of sugar-beet between 1965 and 1973 showed no relation to aphid numbers, but between 1942 and 1973 the pattern of annual incidence was similar to that of numbers of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) trapped in May and June. Linear regressions of the incidence of yellowing viruses on numbers of M. persicae in May and June accounted for 28–57% of the variance, and on Aphis fabae group for 2–40% of the variance. It is concluded that sticky traps provide useful information for advisory entomologists and that there has been no general increase in aphid numbers over the last 30 years.

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