Aphids caught on sticky traps in eastern England in relation to the spread of yellowing viruses of sugar-beet

1974 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Heathcote
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
General Increase ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Linear Regressions

AbstractLong-term records of aphid catches on two sticky traps, one at Rothamsted (1942–64) and one at Broom's Barn (1960–64) are extended to 1973 and are supplemented by data from up to 12 sticky traps in sugar-beet crops in eastern England (1960–73). The incidence of yellowing viruses of sugar-beet between 1965 and 1973 showed no relation to aphid numbers, but between 1942 and 1973 the pattern of annual incidence was similar to that of numbers of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) trapped in May and June. Linear regressions of the incidence of yellowing viruses on numbers of M. persicae in May and June accounted for 28–57% of the variance, and on Aphis fabae group for 2–40% of the variance. It is concluded that sticky traps provide useful information for advisory entomologists and that there has been no general increase in aphid numbers over the last 30 years.

Observations on the settling behaviour of aphids on sugar–beet plants in the glasshouse

1966 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Settling Behaviour

1. In glasshouse experiments, apterous and alate Myzus persicae Sulz. and Aphis fabae Scop, settled more readily on some sugar-beet plants than on others.

The time of flight and the relative importance of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) and Aphis fabae Scop. in relation to the incidence of beet yellows as shown by trap catches at Rothamsted and Broom's Barn

1966 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Heathcote
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Rothamsted Experimental Station ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Aphid Abundance

Sticky traps were operated over sugar-beet crops at Rothamsted Experimental Station (Hertfordshire), Broom's Barn Experimental Station (Suffolk) and elsewhere for five years to gain information about the flight of the aphids that transmit beet yellowing viruses and to aid in the spray warning scheme for sugar-beet growers.Numbers of Myzus persicae (Sulz.), Aphis fabae Scop, and of all aphids caught per week are given. Records of aphids trapped at Rothamsted over a period of 23 years have been published; but no repeating pattern of aphid abundance from year to year has been detected. M. persicae flew early in 1960 and 1961, when beet viruses spread extensively, whereas in 1962, 1963 and 1964, when alates of this species did not fly early but were trapped in relatively larger numbers later in the year, yellows spread much less. Large numbers of A. fabae flew in 1963, but beet viruses spread little.

Динамика численности и видовой состав тлей на посадках семенного картофеля в Ленинградской области

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Тамара Алексеевна Шелабина ◽  
Марина Николаевна Берим
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Aphis Nasturtii

Существенным элементом в комплексе специальных и агротехнических приемов, направленных на ограничение распространения вирусной инфекции, является мониторинг численности, динамики и видового состава тлей, мигрирующих в посадках оригинального картофеля. Двухлетний мониторинг (2016 – 2017 гг.) на опытных полях Гатчинского района Ленинградской области проведен с использованием желтых водных ловушек Мёрике. Изучены количество тлей, сроки их миграции на посадки картофеля, сроки наступления пика численности. Наибольшее влияние на насекомых оказывала среднесуточная температура воздуха. За сезон наблюдений отловлено: в 2016 г. — 481 крылатая особь 31 вида, в 2017 г. — 131 особь 30 видов. Доля возможных переносчиков вирусов картофеля от общего числа зарегистрированных крылатых тлей составила в 2016 г. 14,8 %, в 2017 г. — 32,8 %. Оценка скрытой зараженности вирусной инфекцией (MBK, YBK вирусы) методом ИФА в 2015 – 2017 гг. показала, что на растениях картофеля сорта Ломоносовский скрытая зараженность составила 2,6 – 7,3 %, сорта Чародей — 1,9 – 13,3 %, сорта Невский — 0,8 – 10,5 %, сорта Романо — 4,1 – 9 %. Из известных переносчиков вирусов картофеля в оба года в энтомологических сборах с сосудов отмечены Aphis nasturtii — 6 – 12,2 %, Aphis fabae — 7,2 – 4,6 % от общего числа отловленных; Myzus persicae (13 %) в составе мигрирующей генерации тлей отмечены только в дождливом и прохладном 2017 г. В прогностических целях желательно пользоваться в регионе также данными со всасывающей ловушки, поскольку появление в ней насекомых отмечено на 10 – 12 дней раньше, чем на полях.

The analysis of the results of a rotation experiment on the use of straw and fertilizers

1953 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Present Experiment ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Seasonal Factors ◽  
Long Term Experiments ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Linear Regressions

An experiment, designed to test different ways of using straw with fertilizers, and involving a three course rotation of crops, was carried out at Rothamsted between 1933 and 1951. The methods of analysis developed for this experiment are described in the present paper and demonstrated using yields of potatoes.Treatment effects of interest are given by the mean yields over all years and the linear regressions of yield on time. These estimates are straightforward but the evaluation of their errors is complicated by the existence of correlations due to the recurrence of treatments on the same plots. Further complications are introduced when, as frequently happens in long-term experiments, treatment effects show real variation from year to year. A method is given for estimating standard errors which include a contribution from this variation.The various relationships between yields and the uncontrolled seasonal factors can also be examined; in the present experiment there is some indication that the effects of treatments on yields of potatoes are influenced by the dates of planting.In other circumstances the analysis requires modifications, some of which are briefly considered.

Variation in Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (Hemiptera, Aphididae) reared on different host-plants

1973 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. B. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Senecio Vulgaris ◽  
Brassica Pekinensis

Apterous adult Myzus persicae (Sulz.) of a glasshouse strain differed greatly in their ability to colonise sugar-beet according to the plant on which they and their forebears were cultured. Those from Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis) settled least readily on beet, whilst aphids from broad beans (Vicia faba) produced larger populations than those cultured on sugar-beet. When reared wholly on groundsel (Senecio vulgaris) young adults differed in their ability to colonise Chinese cabbage, sugar-beet and broad bean according to their parents' culture host species, and these differences were detected in a second generation reared wholly on groundsel. The responses of clones isolated from cultures maintained continuously on Chinese cabbage and broad bean were similar, showing that the effect was caused by the aphids' host-plant experience, and was not due to fixed, heritable characters of the sub-cultures. Some, but not all clones of M. persicae collected from the field showed enhanced colonising ability after culture on broad bean as compared with Chinese cabbage. This was apparent on sugar-beet and lettuce (Lactuca sativa). These effects of former hosts on the ability of M. persicae to colonise plants may be important both in work on resistance to aphids and in the epidemiology of aphid-borne diseases.

Epidemiology of Haemophilus Type B Invasive Disease in Childhood in Glasgow

1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Coggins ◽  
C.W. Shepherd ◽  
F. Cockburn
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Neurological Sequelae ◽  
The United Kingdom

The objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae type b in childhood in Glasgow. A retrospective study has been made on the hospital records of 252 children aged 0 to 12 years admitted to Glasgow hospitals during 1981–1990. The annual incidence of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in Glasgow was estimated at 39 per 100,000 children less than five years of age per year. The figure for Haemophilus meningitis was 23.8 per 100,000 children less than five years of age per year. Ninety-five per cent of all cases occurred in children less than five years of age and 72.1% of meningitis cases occurred before two years of age. There was a mortality of 2.77%. Long-term neurological sequelae were found in 15.3% of the survivors. The annual incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease is slightly higher in Glasgow than previously reported for the United Kingdom. The study provides baseline data to help assess efficacy of proposed early childhood vaccination.

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