Environmental appraisal for refuse derived fuel (from MSW generated in Mumbai) utilisation as co-fuel in energy recovery processes: a preliminary assessment

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Singhal ◽  
Anurag Garg
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel

Brewer’s spent grains as biofuels in combustion-based energy recovery processes: Evaluation of thermo-oxidative decomposition

Fuel ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 122955
Author(s):  
O. Gil-Castell ◽  
N. Mascia ◽  
C. Primaz ◽  
F. Vásqez-Garay ◽  
M.G. Baschetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Oxidative Decomposition ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Spent Grains

Performance Improvement of Membrane Energy Exchanger using Ultrasound for HVAC Application

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Gurubalan Annadurai ◽  
Maiya M.P. ◽  
Patrick Geoghegan ◽  
Carey Simonson
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Mass Transfer Process ◽  
Porous Membrane ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Additional Resistance ◽  
Membrane Energy ◽  
Ac Systems

Abstract Air conditioning (AC) systems consume the maximum proportion of the total electricity used in the building sector. The demand of AC systems is expected to increase exponentially in the coming years due to various reasons such as climate change, increasing affordability and increase in living floor space. Membrane-based liquid desiccant AC system along with energy recovery ventilating equipment is considered as a prospective alternative to the conventional air conditioning system (CACS) and has the potential to meet the increasing current and future AC demand in a sustainable manner. Its efficiency and energy saving potential with respect to CACS depends on the performance of the membrane-based dehumidifier, regenerator and energy recovery ventilating equipment which are commonly referred to as membrane energy exchangers (MEEs). MEE is an indirect exchanger type in which the working streams are separated by a porous membrane. This intermediate membrane creates an additional resistance for the heat and mass transfer process in the MEE. To reduce the resistance, this study experimentally and numerically investigates the influence of ultrasound on the performance of the MEE for dehumidification, humidification (applicable for membrane-based evaporative cooling and desiccant regeneration devices) and energy recovery processes. It is found that the vibration due to ultrasound has the potential to improve the effectiveness of the MEE by 55% in the dehumidification process and by 65% in the humidification and energy recovery processes.

scholarly journals Refuse-derived Fuel Energy Recovery by Plasma Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marián Lázár ◽  
Marta Lengyelová ◽  
Mária Čarnogurská ◽  
Ľubomíra Širillová
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Plasma Technology ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel

Energy Recovery Methods in Adsorption Refrigeration Units

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Grzebielec ◽  
Adam Szelągowski ◽  
Adam Ruciński
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Thermal Wave ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Type Systems ◽  
Adsorption Refrigeration ◽  
Wave Type ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Refrigeration Unit ◽  
The One ◽  
Heat And Mass Recovery

Adsorption refrigeration systems, as opposed to absorption type operate in a cyclic manner. The result is that at the beginning of each process must be fed into the adsorber state in which they will adsorb or desorb a refrigerant. In the case of two adsorbers at the start of a cycle, the one of the adsorber must be refrigerated while the second has to be heated. These processes are causing unnecessary energy loss. The aim of the work is to show how these processes can be connected and the heat received from one adsorber is transported to another adsorber. As part of the study, the heat and mass recovery processes will be considered. It turns out that in the thermal wave type systems, it is possible to recover more than 25% of the energy lost to bring the adsorber to the states in which they will operate efficiently to desorb and adsorb refrigerant. That is, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the adsorption refrigeration unit using the proposed improvements.

Restructuring Plant Operations and Contracts to Make a First Generation RDF Plant Competitive in a Cost-Driven Market

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Vrchota
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Ferrous Material ◽  
Heavy Residue ◽  
Plant Operations ◽  
One Year ◽  
Phase Out

In 1989, United Power Association (now Great River Energy) and Northern States Power (now Xcel Energy) formed a partnership and entered a 20 year contract with five local counties to turn MSW (municipal solid waste) into RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) and combust the RDF in converted grate-fired boilers in Elk River, MN. Great River Energy owned and operated the Energy Recovery Station (ERS) and Xcel Energy operated the Resource Processing Plant (RPP) a few miles away. The Resource Processing Plant processed 400,000 tons/year of MSW into RDF for the Energy Recovery Station and other RDF plants owned by Xcel Energy. The project was successful, but required significant subsidies from the counties to maintain competitive tipping fees. At the end of the original 20 year contract, a number of the counties wanted to reduce or end any subsidies and restructure the contracts. In the fall of 2009, lack of contracted MSW created difficult financial conditions that threatened to end the project and divert 400,000 tons/year of MSW to area landfills. In May of 2010, Great River Energy purchased the Resource Processing Plant and reorganized the project to be able to better control operating costs and maintain competitive electric rates for its customers. In 2011, Great River Energy restructured processing contracts with three of the original counties and also directly contracted with the regional MSW haulers while implementing sweeping changes in the processing of MSW. A cleaning system was installed to increase the value of the ferrous material collected during the production of RDF. The installation of a bulky waste shredder and processing changes increased the efficiency of converting MSW to RDF. In addition, the recovery of non-ferrous materials from the MSW and heavy residue was optimized. In one year of operation, the Resource Processing Plant has increased RDF production from 84% to over 95% and decreased landfilling to near zero while increasing the revenue from recovered materials. County subsidies have been significantly reduced and will phase out after 2015, tipping fees have been adjusted to be competitive with local landfills, and electric costs have been stabilized at comparable renewable energy rates.

Waste Composition in the Northeast U.S.: Implications for Resource Recovery

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Bobman ◽  
John Culbertson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Composition Studies ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Material Recovery ◽  
Waste Composition ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Spending Patterns ◽  
Meaningful Data

Waste composition studies can provide meaningful data for design and operation of resource recovery processes. However, relatively limited attention has been devoted to energy recovery predicted by waste composition analysis, despite increasingly detailed analysis of various subsets of the municipal solid waste stream. Further, global economic conditions and markets have dramatically altered since 2008, resulting in significant changes in corporate, institutional and consumer spending patterns. Associated with these shifts in spending, as well as with longer-term trends in packaging and advances in residential and commercial recycling, the quantity and makeup of discarded materials has changed. The authors present data resulting from recent waste composition studies, and discuss potential impacts on the design and operation of material recovery systems.

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