Digitalization of Biomass Energy Recovery Processes with High Added Value

Abstract Air conditioning (AC) systems consume the maximum proportion of the total electricity used in the building sector. The demand of AC systems is expected to increase exponentially in the coming years due to various reasons such as climate change, increasing affordability and increase in living floor space. Membrane-based liquid desiccant AC system along with energy recovery ventilating equipment is considered as a prospective alternative to the conventional air conditioning system (CACS) and has the potential to meet the increasing current and future AC demand in a sustainable manner. Its efficiency and energy saving potential with respect to CACS depends on the performance of the membrane-based dehumidifier, regenerator and energy recovery ventilating equipment which are commonly referred to as membrane energy exchangers (MEEs). MEE is an indirect exchanger type in which the working streams are separated by a porous membrane. This intermediate membrane creates an additional resistance for the heat and mass transfer process in the MEE. To reduce the resistance, this study experimentally and numerically investigates the influence of ultrasound on the performance of the MEE for dehumidification, humidification (applicable for membrane-based evaporative cooling and desiccant regeneration devices) and energy recovery processes. It is found that the vibration due to ultrasound has the potential to improve the effectiveness of the MEE by 55% in the dehumidification process and by 65% in the humidification and energy recovery processes.

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Energy Recovery Methods in Adsorption Refrigeration Units

Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering" ◽

10.3846/enviro.2017.256 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Andrzej Grzebielec ◽

Adam Szelągowski ◽

Adam Ruciński

Keyword(s):

Energy Loss ◽

Thermal Wave ◽

Energy Recovery ◽

Type Systems ◽

Adsorption Refrigeration ◽

Wave Type ◽

Recovery Processes ◽

Refrigeration Unit ◽

The One ◽

Heat And Mass Recovery

Adsorption refrigeration systems, as opposed to absorption type operate in a cyclic manner. The result is that at the beginning of each process must be fed into the adsorber state in which they will adsorb or desorb a refrigerant. In the case of two adsorbers at the start of a cycle, the one of the adsorber must be refrigerated while the second has to be heated. These processes are causing unnecessary energy loss. The aim of the work is to show how these processes can be connected and the heat received from one adsorber is transported to another adsorber. As part of the study, the heat and mass recovery processes will be considered. It turns out that in the thermal wave type systems, it is possible to recover more than 25% of the energy lost to bring the adsorber to the states in which they will operate efficiently to desorb and adsorb refrigerant. That is, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the adsorption refrigeration unit using the proposed improvements.

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Preparation of High Heating Value Gas, High Quality Bio-Oil and Added Value Carbon Materials from Caragana Pyrolyzed via Super-High Temperature Steam

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.2152 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 512-515 ◽

pp. 2152-2161

Author(s):

Jun Li Liu ◽

Jian Chun Jiang ◽

Wei Hong Yang

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Liquid Fraction ◽

Biomass Energy ◽

Added Value ◽

Gas Composition ◽

Heating Value ◽

High Heating Value ◽

Bio Oil ◽

High Temperature Steam

Caragana is an abundant plant as the feedstock of biomass energy in China. In this study, pyrolysis of Caragana in the presence of high temperature medium and characterization of products has been carried out. Evaluation of experimental results showed that faster devolatilization and char with increased surface area obtained in the presence of high temperature steam comparing to N2. Analysis of the obtained liquid revealed that the H/C and O/C ratios in the liquid are 1.5 and 0.16 respectively. Further more gas composition during high temperature steam pyrolysis differs from gas composition derived from N2pyrolysis which indicates interaction of steam with vapors and solid species even at low treatment temperatures. The derived products’ yields and characteristics indicate possible exploitation of derived char as activate carbon precursor. Liquid fraction composition makes it suitable for exploitation as liquid fuel and/or chemical feedstock.

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Methodical approach to temperature and pressure measurements for in situ energy-recovery processes

10.2172/4242354 ◽

1974 ◽

Author(s):

R.H. Cornell

Keyword(s):

Energy Recovery ◽

Pressure Measurements ◽

Recovery Processes ◽

Methodical Approach ◽

Temperature And Pressure

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Waste Composition in the Northeast U.S.: Implications for Resource Recovery

18th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference ◽

10.1115/nawtec18-3548 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Mark Bobman ◽

John Culbertson

Keyword(s):

Energy Recovery ◽

Composition Studies ◽

Resource Recovery ◽

Limited Attention ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Material Recovery ◽

Waste Composition ◽

Recovery Processes ◽

Spending Patterns ◽

Meaningful Data

Waste composition studies can provide meaningful data for design and operation of resource recovery processes. However, relatively limited attention has been devoted to energy recovery predicted by waste composition analysis, despite increasingly detailed analysis of various subsets of the municipal solid waste stream. Further, global economic conditions and markets have dramatically altered since 2008, resulting in significant changes in corporate, institutional and consumer spending patterns. Associated with these shifts in spending, as well as with longer-term trends in packaging and advances in residential and commercial recycling, the quantity and makeup of discarded materials has changed. The authors present data resulting from recent waste composition studies, and discuss potential impacts on the design and operation of material recovery systems.

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Preparation of Solid Fuel Hydrochar over Hydrothermal Carbonization of Red Jujube Branch

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13020480 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 480 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhiyu Li ◽

Weiming Yi ◽

Zhihe Li ◽

Chunyan Tian ◽

Peng Fu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Recovery ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽

Amorphous Structure ◽

Biomass Energy ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Solid Biofuels ◽

Forestry Residues

Biomass energy is becoming increasingly important, owing to the decreasing supply of fossil fuels and growing environmental problems. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising technology for producing solid biofuels from agricultural and forestry residues because of its lower fossil-fuel consumption. In this study, HTC was used to upgrade red jujube branch (RJB) to prepare hydrochar at six temperatures (220, 240, 260, 280, 300, and 320 °C) for 120 min, and at 300 °C for 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. The results showed that the energy recovery efficiency (ERE) reached maximum values of 80.42% and 79.86% at a residence time of 90 min and a reaction temperature of 220 °C, respectively. X-ray diffraction results and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements show that the microcrystal features of RJB were destroyed, whereas the hydrochar contained an amorphous structure and mainly lignin fractions at increased temperatures. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the hydrochar had better fuel qualities than RJB, making hydrochar easier to burn.

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Critical Analysis of Material and Energy Recovery Processes of Municipal Solid Waste in Satu Mare County

Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Ambientum ◽

10.24193/subbambientum.2018.2.05 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 53-62

Author(s):

Sandor Maneses ◽

◽

Vasile Filip Soporan ◽

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Energy Recovery ◽

Recovery Processes

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A Review of Sludge-to-Energy Recovery Methods

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12010060 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 60 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Jumoke Oladejo ◽

Kaiqi Shi ◽

Xiang Luo ◽

Gang Yang ◽

Tao Wu

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Energy Recovery ◽

Recovery Process ◽

Metal Pollutants ◽

Recovery Processes ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Cost Competitiveness ◽

Treatment Facilities ◽

Heavy Metal Pollutants ◽

The Impact

The increasing volume of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment facilities is becoming a prominent concern globally. The disposal of this sludge is particularly challenging and poses severe environmental hazards due to the high content of organic, toxic and heavy metal pollutants among its constituents. This study presents a simple review of four sewage to energy recovery routes (anaerobic digestion, combustion, pyrolysis and gasification) with emphasis on recent developments in research, as well as benefits and limitations of the technology for ensuring cost and environmentally viable sewage to energy pathway. This study focusses on the review of various commercially viable sludge conversion processes and technologies used for energy recovery from sewage sludge. This was done via in-depth process descriptions gathered from literatures and simplified schematic depiction of such energy recovery processes when utilised for sludge. Specifically, the impact of fuel properties and its effect on the recovery process were discussed to indicate the current challenges and recent scientific research undertaken to resolve these challenges and improve the operational, environmental and cost competitiveness of these technologies.

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