Stochastic analysis of DTN routing protocols in delay tolerant network routing hierarchical topology

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
El Arbi Abdellaoui Alaoui ◽  
Khalid Nassiri
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Stochastic Analysis ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Delay Tolerant Network ◽  
Hierarchical Topology ◽  
Dtn Routing ◽  
Delay Tolerant

scholarly journals A Framework and Mathematical Modeling for the Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network Routing

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostofa Kamal Nasir ◽  
Rafidah Md. Noor ◽  
Mohsin Iftikhar ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
Delay Tolerant Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Intermediate Node ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Dtn Routing ◽  
Delay Tolerant

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are getting growing interest as they are expected to play crucial role in making safer, smarter, and more efficient transportation networks. Due to unique characteristics such as sparse topology and intermittent connectivity, Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) routing in VANET becomes an inherent choice and is challenging. However, most of the existing DTN protocols do not accurately discover potential neighbors and, hence, appropriate intermediate nodes for packet transmission. Moreover, these protocols cause unnecessary overhead due to excessive beacon messages. To cope with these challenges, this paper presents a novel framework and an Adaptive Geographical DTN Routing (AGDR) for vehicular DTNs. AGDR exploits node position, current direction, speed, and the predicted direction to carefully select an appropriate intermediate node. Direction indicator light is employed to accurately predict the vehicle future direction so that the forwarding node can relay packets to the desired destination. Simulation experiments confirm the performance supremacy of AGDR compared to contemporary schemes in terms of packet delivery ratio, overhead, and end-to-end delay. Simulation results demonstrate that AGDR improves the packet delivery ratio (5–7%), reduces the overhead (1–5%), and decreases the delay (up to 0.02 ms). Therefore, AGDR improves route stability by reducing the frequency of route failures.

scholarly journals How to Enable Delay Tolerant Network Solutions for Internet of Things: From Taxonomy to Open Challenges

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Selma Bounsiar ◽  
Fatima Zohra Benhamida ◽  
Abderrazak Henni ◽  
Diego López de Ipiña ◽  
Diego Casado Mansilla
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Delay Tolerant Network ◽  
Dtn Routing ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
Delay Tolerant ◽  
Open Issues

Internet of Things (IoT) is witnessing an increasing range of application domains (industry 4.0, eHealth, smart city, etc.). Meanwhile, IoT is still facing communication challenges because of limited capabilities in computing, storage and energy constraints of smart objects. The use of Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) as basis for communication in IoT is promising but needs more development. In this paper, we present a literature review and a classification of DTN routing protocols. Furthermore, we survey a number of DTN solutions for IoT and propose a new taxonomy to motivate the importance of enabling DTN for IoT applications. The novelty of this classification is the focus on X-DTN category, which combines Delay Tolerant schemes with new technologies (e.g., Fog Computing). We also point out some open issues for potential Delay Tolerant IoT schemes.

A comparative study on delay-tolerant network routing protocols

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Angulakshmi ◽  
M. Deepa ◽  
M. Vanitha ◽  
R. Mangayarkarasi ◽  
I. Nagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Delay Tolerant Network ◽  
Delivery Rate ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Network Environment ◽  
Opportunistic Network ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dtn Routing ◽  
Delay Tolerant ◽  
Spray And Wait

PurposeIn this study, we discuss three DTN routing protocols, these are epidemic, PRoPHET and spray and wait routing protocols. A special simulator will be used; that is opportunistic network environment (ONE) to create a network environment. Spray and wait has highest delivery rate and low latency in most of the cases. Hence, spray and wait have better performance than others. This analysis of the performance of DTN protocols helps the researcher to learn better of these protocols in the different environment.Design/methodology/approachDelay-Tolerant Network (DTN) is a network designed to operate effectively over extreme distances, such as those encountered in space communications or on an interplanetary scale. In such an environment, nodes are occasional communication and are available among hubs, and determinations of the next node communications are not confirmed. In such network environment, the packet can be transferred by searching current efficient route available for a particular node. Due to the uncertainty of packet transfer route, DTN is affected by a variety of factors such as packet size, communication cost, node activity, etc.FindingsSpray and wait have highest delivery rate and low latency in most of the cases. Hence, spray and wait have better performance than others.Originality/valueThe primary goal of the paper is to extend these works in an attempt to offer a better understanding of the behavior of different DTN routing protocols with delivery probability, latency and overhead ratio that depend on various amounts of network parameters such as buffer size, number of nodes, movement ratio, time to live, movement range, transmission range and message generation rate. In this study, we discuss three DTN routing protocols: these are epidemic, PRoPHET and spray and wait routing protocols. A special simulator will be used; that is opportunistic network environment (ONE) to create a network environment. Spray and wait have highest delivery rate and low latency in most of the cases. Hence, spray and wait have better performance than others. This analysis of the performance of DTN protocols helps the researcher to learn better of these protocols in the different environment.

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