COGNITIVE ASPECTS OF UPPER AND LOWER CASE FOR INITIAL LETTERS IN GERMAN

1986 ◽  
pp. 287-299 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Case

Defect structures of Nb1+αS2 sulfidation scales

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
Chuxin Zhou ◽  
L. W. Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Stacking Faults ◽  
Rhombohedral Structure ◽  
Stacking Sequence ◽  
Defect Structures ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plane Normal ◽  
Lower Case ◽  
Sulfur Layer ◽  
Two Phases

One of the major purposes in the present work is to study the high temperature sulfidation properties of Nb in severe sulfidizing environments. Kinetically, the sulfidation rate of Nb is satisfactorily slow, but the microstructures and non-stoichiometry of Nb1+αS2 challenge conventional oxidation/sulfidation theory and defect models of non-stoichiometric compounds. This challenge reflects our limited knowledge of the dependence of kinetics and atomic migration processes in solid state materials on their defect structures.Figure 1 shows a high resolution image of a platelet from the middle portion of the Nb1+αS2 scale. A thin lamellar heterogeneity (about 5nm) is observed. From X-ray diffraction results, we have shown that Nb1+αS2 scale is principally rhombohedral structure, but 2H-NbS2 can result locally due to stacking faults, because the only difference between these 2H and 3R phases is variation in the stacking sequence along the c axis. Following an ABC notation, we use capital letters A, B and C to represent the sulfur layer, and lower case letters a, b and c to refer to Nb layers. For example, the stacking sequence of 2H phase is AbACbCA, which is a ∼12Å period along the c axis; the stacking sequence of 3R phase is AbABcBCaCA to form an ∼18Å period along the c axis. Intergrowth of these two phases can take place at stacking faults or by a shear in the basal plane normal to the c axis.

Construcción de una herramienta Lower Case para la generación de sistemas web basados en los Frameworks Mootools y Symfony

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
José Terán Lavilla
Keyword(s):  
Lower Case

La presente investigación trata de disminuir los tiempos de desarrollo de los formularios de mantenimiento de sistemas Web, cuyo código base es PHP y Javascript, además de reducir la incompatibilidad que existe al desarrollar sistemas web, dado que al desarrollar estos, muchas veces no se toma en cuenta la compatibilidad que debe existir en los diferentes navegadores actuales de internet.Para lo mencionado, se ha propuesto desarrollar una herramienta Case, del tipo lower, la cual se encargará de ver una de las últimas fases del ciclo de vida del sistema, que es la de codificación; para reducir los tiempos de codificación se ha optado por usar el framework Symfony para PHP, el mismo que está orientado a la construcción de sistemas robustos y el framework Mootools de Javascript; adicionalmente, con este último, se podrá tratar la incompatibilidad de los sistemas.Palabras clave: framework, Symfony, Mootools, herramientas Lower Case, PHP, sistema gestor de base de datos, YAML.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21503/CienciayDesarrollo.2010.v11.01

Revelation, Tradition, and Culture

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald O’Collins, SJ
Keyword(s):  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Human History ◽  
Present Experience ◽  
Lower Case ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
In Christ

Tradition as process and as object needs to be understood in the light of divine revelation and the inspired Scripture. Primarily interpersonal or relational and secondarily propositional or cognitive, revelation involves a past fullness in Christ, a present experience, and a future, definitive consummation. As process, tradition is pre-given and always part of us, collective, richly polymorphous, sacramentally communicated through words and actions, often in tension with present experience, open to change or reform, and ending only with the close of human history. At the heart of innumerable traditions (plural and in lower case) is the Tradition (singular and in upper case), the risen Christ made present through the Holy Spirit, not an object we possess but a reality by which we are possessed. While they frequently overlap, ‘culture’ differs from tradition by not being so clearly an ‘action word’.

scholarly journals Lower Case Truth: Bridging Affect Theory and Arts-Based Education Research to Explore Color as Affect

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692199891
Author(s):  
Ellie Haberl
Keyword(s):  
Education Research ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Affect Theory ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Visual Method ◽  
School Practice ◽  
Lower Case ◽  
Project Participants ◽  
Grade Classroom

As education researchers increase our focus on affect as a crucial dimension of school practice and pedagogy, we also have the responsibility of taking up the paradoxical nature of seeking to represent and analyze moments of feeling that, by their very nature, evade our understanding. This article explores the question of attending to affect in education research by drawing on research conducted in a seventh grade classroom in a mid-sized city in the western United States, where students were explicitly invited to ground argumentative writing in lived experiences that were significant to them, including those experiences often deemed difficult and thus saturated with affective intensities. Invited to use visual arts-based methods of representing the felt dimension of the project, participants used both color and abstract design as a method for representing the complexity of these affective intensities. The author makes an argument for this visual method of representation that invites students to illustrate their affective experience in ways that maintain its complex, contrasting and often non-linguistic nature.

Developmental Trends in Letter-Printing Skill

1972 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Stennett ◽  
P. C. Smythe ◽  
Madeline Hardy ◽  
H. R. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Fine Motor Control ◽  
Developmental Trends ◽  
Factor Pattern ◽  
Lower Case ◽  
Grade 3

Tests of kindergarten to Grade 3 students' ability to copy upper- and lower-case primary print letters showed that lower-case letters are more difficult to print. Within upper- and lower-case formats, the letters vary considerably in difficulty as a function of their composition and/or the degree of fine motor control required. Factor analyses, based upon separate intercorrelations for upper- and lower-case letters, produced 7 factors for each type of letter. Although some of the factors tended to contain letters with similar characteristics, no obvious rationale explaining the factor pattern could be developed.

The Romaunt of the Rose and Source Manuscripts

PMLA ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-183
Author(s):  
Ronald Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Jean De Meun ◽  
Great Work ◽  
Roman De La Rose ◽  
Guillaume De Lorris ◽  
Lower Case Letter ◽  
Lower Case ◽  
The Family ◽  
Significant Measure ◽  
The Rose ◽  
Partial Translation

The Authorship of the Romaunt of the Rose, subject of ardent controversy for nearly a century, can at last be established beyond any significant measure of doubt, for there is a new and highly reliable kind of evidence to show that at least two men were responsible for the existing partial translation of the famed Roman de la rose into Middle English. More than 200 MSS of the original French poem, composed by Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meun in the thirteenth century, have been catalogued by the late Ernest Langlois. The French scholar divided these MSS into three main groups, I, II, and III, and into subgroups or families marked by capital letters; while individual MSS he designated by the family letter plus a lower-case letter, Ab, He, Ha, and so on. In consequence of Langlois' great work, scholars have been enabled to compare the ME Romaunt with the variant readings of the MSS of its French original, and as will be demonstrated below, such comparison throws revealing light upon the facts of the Romaunt's composition.

scholarly journals THE TROUBLES WITH A LOWER CASE t: UNDERGRADUATES AND BELFAST'S DIFFICULT HISTORY

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 219-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean O'Connell
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Social History ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
Lower Case ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Post War

ABSTRACTThis paper explores the risks and rewards involved in directing undergraduate students engaged on an oral history project in Belfast. It advocates the role of oral history as a tool through which to encourage students’ engagement with research-led teaching to produce reflective assignments on the nature of historical evidence, particularly autobiographical memory. The particular challenges of conducting oral history in a city beset by ethno-sectarian divisions are discussed. This factor has ensured that the historiography of Belfast has focused extensively on conflict and violence. The city's social history is poorly understood, but employing oral history enables the exploration of issues that take undergraduate historians beyond the Troubles as a starting point. This project probed what is called the troubles with a lower case t, via an analysis of deindustrialisation and urban redevelopment in Sailortown (Belfast's dockland district). It provided evidence with which to offer a new assessment on existing historiographical discussions about working-class nostalgic memory and urban social change, one that supports those scholars that problematize attempts to categorise such memory. The testimony also differed in significant ways from previous oral history research on post-war Northern Ireland.

Non-standard capitalisation and vocal spelling in intercultural computer-mediated communication

Corpora ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Liang (Eric) Lin
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Discussion Board ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Lower Case ◽  
Python Programming ◽  
Electronic Discussion Board

This study reports on a corpus analysis of samples of Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) on an electronic discussion board among a group of British and Taiwanese adolescents, paying specific attention to the most distinctive cues of CMC: non-standard capitalisation and vocal spelling. I evaluate a newly developed corpus of online discussion, the British and Taiwanese Teenage Intercultural Communication Corpus (BATTICC). I used Python programming to calculate all the instances of non-standard capitalisation (specifically, all upper-case words and the use of lower case instead of upper case) and vocal spelling from the corpus, and I also applied Wmatrix to identify the semantic and part-of-speech fields of all these instances. Moreover, initial quantitative analysis was employed to inform further qualitative analysis to identify the pragmatic functions of cues in this intercultural context. It was evident that the CMC cues perform important interpersonal functions, and the analysis demonstrates different preferences by the participants for different purposes.

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