scholarly journals Groups whose non-permutable subgroups are metaquasihamiltonian

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-529
Author(s):  
Maria Ferrara ◽  
Marco Trombetti
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subgroup ◽  
Positive Integer ◽  
Abelian Groups ◽  
Permutable Subgroups

AbstractIf {\mathfrak{X}} is a class of groups, define a sequence of group classes {\mathfrak{X}_{1},\mathfrak{X}_{2},\ldots,\mathfrak{X}_{k},\ldots} by putting {\mathfrak{X}_{1}=\mathfrak{X}} and choosing {\mathfrak{X}_{k+1}} as the class of all groups whose non-permutable subgroups belong to {\mathfrak{X}_{k}}. In particular, if {\mathfrak{A}} is the class of abelian groups, {\mathfrak{A}_{2}} is the class of quasimetahamiltonian groups, i.e. groups whose non-permutable subgroups are abelian. The aim of this paper is to study the structure of {\mathfrak{X}_{k}}-groups, with special emphasis on the case {\mathfrak{X}=\mathfrak{A}}. Among other results, it will also be proved that a group has a finite normal subgroup with quasihamiltonian quotient if and only if it is locally graded and belongs to {\mathfrak{A}_{k}} for some positive integer k.

Criteria for Total Projectivity

1981 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hill
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Positive Integer ◽  
Abelian Groups ◽  
General Criterion ◽  
Direct Sums ◽  
Primary Abelian Group ◽  
Cyclic Groups ◽  
Direct Sum ◽  
Totally Projective Groups ◽  
Torsion Groups

All groups herein are assumed to be abelian. It was not until the 1940's that it was known that a subgroup of an infinite direct sum of finite cyclic groups is again a direct sum of cyclics. This result rests on a general criterion due to Kulikov [7] for a primary abelian group to be a direct sum of cyclic groups. If G is p-primary, Kulikov's criterion presupposes that G has no elements (other than zero) having infinite p-height. For such a group G, the criterion is simply that G be the union of an ascending sequence of subgroups Hn where the heights of the elements of Hn computed in G are bounded by some positive integer λ(n). The theory of abelian groups has now developed to the point that totally projective groups currently play much the same role, at least in the theory of torsion groups, that direct sums of cyclic groups and countable groups played in combination prior to the discovery of totally projective groups and their structure beginning with a paper by R. Nunke [11] in 1967.

On a Theorem of Cutler

1969 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles K. Megibben
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Abelian Groups

In [1] Cutler proved the following theorem.Theorem. If G and K are abelian groups such that nG ≅ nK for some positive integer n, then there are abelian groups U and V such that U ⊕ G ≅ V ⊕ K and nU = 0 = nV.Cutler's proof is long and fairly involved. Walker [3] obtains the theorem rather elegantly as a corollary of his results on n-extensions. We give here a proof that is extremely simple both in conception and execution. Our proof relies on the notion of p-basic subgroups introduced by Fuchs in [2]. Therefore we shall first recall certain pertinent facts from [2].

EXTREMAL CAYLEY DIGRAPHS OF FINITE ABELIAN GROUPS

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABBY GAIL MASK ◽  
JONI SCHNEIDER ◽  
XINGDE JIA
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Positive Integer ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Abelian Groups ◽  
Finite Abelian Group ◽  
Finite Abelian Groups ◽  
Element Subset ◽  
Cayley Digraph ◽  
Positive Integers ◽  
Element Set

Cayley digraphs of finite abelian groups are often used to model communication networks. Because of their applications, extremal Cayley digraphs have been studied extensively in recent years. Given any positive integers d and k. Let m*(d, k) denote the largest positive integer m such that there exists an m-element finite abelian group Γ and a k-element subset A of Γ such that diam ( Cay (Γ, A)) ≤ d, where diam ( Cay (Γ, A)) denotes the diameter of the Cayley digraph Cay (Γ, A) of Γ generated by A. Similarly, let m(d, k) denote the largest positive integer m such that there exists a k-element set A of integers with diam (ℤm, A)) ≤ d. In this paper, we prove, among other results, that [Formula: see text] for all d ≥ 1 and k ≥ 1. This means that the finite abelian group whose Cayley digraph is optimal with respect to its diameter and degree can be a cyclic group.

GROUPS WHOSE NONNORMAL SUBGROUPS ARE METAHAMILTONIAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
DARIO ESPOSITO ◽  
FRANCESCO DE GIOVANNI ◽  
MARCO TROMBETTI
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Commutator Subgroup ◽  
Abelian Groups

If $\mathfrak{X}$ is a class of groups, we define a sequence $\mathfrak{X}_{1},\mathfrak{X}_{2},\ldots ,\mathfrak{X}_{k},\ldots$ of group classes by putting $\mathfrak{X}_{1}=\mathfrak{X}$ and choosing $\mathfrak{X}_{k+1}$ as the class of all groups whose nonnormal subgroups belong to $\mathfrak{X}_{k}$. In particular, if $\mathfrak{A}$ is the class of abelian groups, $\mathfrak{A}_{2}$ is the class of metahamiltonian groups, that is, groups whose nonnormal subgroups are abelian. The aim of this paper is to study the structure of $\mathfrak{X}_{k}$-groups, with special emphasis on the case $\mathfrak{X}=\mathfrak{A}$. Among other results, it will be proved that a group has a finite commutator subgroup if and only if it is locally graded and belongs to $\mathfrak{A}_{k}$ for some positive integer $k$.

On weakly 𝓗-permutable subgroups of finite groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-772
Author(s):  
Chenchen Cao ◽  
Venus Amjid ◽  
Chi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Group ◽  
Normal Subgroup ◽  
Finite Groups ◽  
Subnormal Subgroup ◽  
Permutable Subgroups ◽  
A Finite Group ◽  
New Criteria

Abstract Let σ = {σi ∣i ∈ I} be some partition of the set of all primes ℙ, G be a finite group and σ(G) = {σi∣σi ∩ π(G) ≠ ∅}. G is said to be σ-primary if ∣σ(G)∣ ≤ 1. A subgroup H of G is said to be σ-subnormal in G if there exists a subgroup chain H = H0 ≤ H1 ≤ … ≤ Ht = G such that either Hi−1 is normal in Hi or Hi/(Hi−1)Hi is σ-primary for all i = 1, …, t. A set 𝓗 of subgroups of G is said to be a complete Hall σ-set of G if every non-identity member of 𝓗 is a Hall σi-subgroup of G for some i and 𝓗 contains exactly one Hall σi-subgroup of G for every σi ∈ σ(G). Let 𝓗 be a complete Hall σ-set of G. A subgroup H of G is said to be 𝓗-permutable if HA = AH for all A ∈ 𝓗. We say that a subgroup H of G is weakly 𝓗-permutable in G if there exists a σ-subnormal subgroup T of G such that G = HT and H ∩ T ≤ H𝓗, where H𝓗 is the subgroup of H generated by all those subgroups of H which are 𝓗-permutable. By using the weakly 𝓗-permutable subgroups, we establish some new criteria for a group G to be σ-soluble and supersoluble, and we also give the conditions under which a normal subgroup of G is hypercyclically embedded.

scholarly journals Almost Engel finite and profinite groups

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 973-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. I. Khukhro ◽  
P. Shumyatsky
Keyword(s):  
Finite Group ◽  
Normal Subgroup ◽  
Positive Integer ◽  
Profinite Group ◽  
Profinite Groups ◽  
Locally Nilpotent ◽  
Nilpotent Residual ◽  
A Finite Group

Let [Formula: see text] be an element of a group [Formula: see text]. For a positive integer [Formula: see text], let [Formula: see text] be the subgroup generated by all commutators [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is repeated [Formula: see text] times. We prove that if [Formula: see text] is a profinite group such that for every [Formula: see text] there is [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is finite, then [Formula: see text] has a finite normal subgroup [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is locally nilpotent. The proof uses the Wilson–Zelmanov theorem saying that Engel profinite groups are locally nilpotent. In the case of a finite group [Formula: see text], we prove that if, for some [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text], then the order of the nilpotent residual [Formula: see text] is bounded in terms of [Formula: see text].

scholarly journals Finite groups with given systems of generalised σ-permutable subgroups

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Viktoria S. Zakrevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Finite Group ◽  
Normal Subgroup ◽  
Finite Groups ◽  
Subnormal Subgroup ◽  
Chief Factor ◽  
Permutable Subgroup ◽  
Permutable Subgroups ◽  
Group A ◽  
A Finite Group

Let σ = {σi|i ∈ I } be a partition of the set of all primes ℙ and G be a finite group. A set ℋ  of subgroups of G is said to be a complete Hall σ-set of G if every member ≠1 of ℋ  is a Hall σi-subgroup of G for some i ∈ I and ℋ contains exactly one Hall σi-subgroup of G for every i such that σi ⌒ π(G)  ≠ ∅.  A group is said to be σ-primary if it is a finite σi-group for some i. A subgroup A of G is said to be: σ-permutable in G if G possesses a complete Hall σ-set ℋ  such that AH x = H  xA for all H ∈ ℋ  and all x ∈ G; σ-subnormal in G if there is a subgroup chain A = A0 ≤ A1 ≤ … ≤ At = G such that either Ai − 1 ⊴ Ai or Ai /(Ai − 1)Ai is σ-primary for all i = 1, …, t; 𝔄-normal in G if every chief factor of G between AG and AG is cyclic. We say that a subgroup H of G is: (i) partially σ-permutable in G if there are a 𝔄-normal subgroup A and a σ-permutable subgroup B of G such that H = < A, B >; (ii) (𝔄, σ)-embedded in G if there are a partially σ-permutable subgroup S and a σ-subnormal subgroup T of G such that G = HT and H ∩ T ≤ S ≤ H. We study G assuming that some subgroups of G are partially σ-permutable or (𝔄, σ)-embedded in G. Some known results are generalised.

Groups with restricted non-permutable subgroups

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150062
Author(s):  
Fausto De Mari
Keyword(s):  
Finite Group ◽  
Normal Subgroup ◽  
Minimal Condition ◽  
Finitely Generated ◽  
Derived Length ◽  
Permutable Subgroups ◽  
Locally Graded Groups

A subgroup [Formula: see text] of a group [Formula: see text] is said to be permutable if [Formula: see text] for every subgroup [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] and the group [Formula: see text] is called metaquasihamiltonian if all subgroups of [Formula: see text] are either permutable or abelian. It is known that a locally graded metaquasihamiltonian group [Formula: see text] is soluble with derived length at most [Formula: see text] and contains a finite normal subgroup [Formula: see text] such that all subgroups of the factor [Formula: see text] are permutable. In this paper, we describe locally graded groups in which the set of all nonmetaquasihamiltonian subgroups satisfies the minimal condition and locally graded groups with the minimal condition on subgroups which are neither abelian nor permutable. Moreover, it is proved here that a finitely generated hyper-(abelian or finite) group whose finite homomorphic images are metaquasihamiltonian is itself metaquasihamiltonian.

The nilpotency index of the radicals of group algebras of finite groups whose Sylow 3-subgroups are extra-special of order 27 of exponent 3

1988 ◽  
Vol 108 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Shigeo Koshitani
Keyword(s):  
Finite Group ◽  
Normal Subgroup ◽  
Positive Integer ◽  
Simple Group ◽  
Finite Groups ◽  
Jacobson Radical ◽  
Group Algebras ◽  
Nilpotency Index ◽  
Characteristic 3 ◽  
A Finite Group

SynopsisLet J(FG) be the Jacobson radical of the group algebra FG of a finite groupG with a Sylow 3-subgroup which is extra-special of order 27 of exponent 3 over a field F of characteristic 3, and let t(G) be the least positive integer t with J(FG)t = 0. In this paper, we prove that t(G) = 9 if G has a normal subgroup H such that (|G:H|, 3) = 1 and if H is either 3-solvable, SL(3,3) or the Tits simple group 2F4(2)'.

Free quotients of subgroups of the Bianchi groups whose kernels contain many elementary matrices

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-273
Author(s):  
A. W. Mason ◽  
R. W. K. Odoni
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subgroup ◽  
Positive Integer ◽  
Commutator Subgroup ◽  
Quadratic Number ◽  
Congruence Subgroups ◽  
Quadratic Number Field ◽  
Ring Of Integers ◽  
Imaginary Quadratic Number ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Fundamental Paper

AbstractLet d be a square-free positive integer and let be the ring of integers of the imaginary quadratic number field ℚ(√ − d) The Bianchi groups are the groups SL2() (or PSL2(). Let m be the order of index m in . In this paper we prove that for each d there exist infinitely many m for which SL2(m)/NE2(m) has a free, non-cyclic quotient, where NE2(m) is the normal subgroup of SL2(m) generated by the elementary matrices. When d is not a prime congruent to 3 (mod 4) this result is true for all but finitely many m. The proofs are based on the fundamental paper of Zimmert and its generalization due to Grunewald and Schwermer.The results are used to extend earlier work of Lubotzky on non-congruence subgroups of SL2(), which involves the concept of the ‘non-congruence crack’. In addition the results highlight a number of low-dimensional anomalies. For example, it is known that [SLn(m), SLnm)] = En(m), when n ≥ 3, where [SLn(m), SLn(m)] is the commutator subgroup of SL(m) and En(m) is the subgroup of SLn(m) generated by the elementary matrices. Our results show that this is not always true when n = 2.

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