scholarly journals Preliminary results of radon survey in thermal spas in V4 countries

Nukleonika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-306
Author(s):  
Monika Műllerová ◽  
Jadwiga Mazur ◽  
Pavol Blahušiak ◽  
Dominik Grządziel ◽  
Karol Holý ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Radon Survey ◽  
Radon In Water ◽  
Visegrád Countries

Abstract Radon concentration was measured in 11 thermal spas in Visegrad countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia). The results showed that in 84% of spas radon activity concentration is less than 400 Bq·m−3. However, areas with radon activity concentration exceeding 1000 Bq·m−3 were found in the Czech Republic and Slovakia as well. Preliminary analyses indicated that the highest radon activities in spas were found in places with thermal pools. Radon concentration in waters used in spas ranged from 0.5 Bq/l to 384 Bq/l. The influence of radon activity concentration in water on radon activity in the air inside the spa was observed. It was found to increase indoor radon with increasing radon in the waters. Correlation with indoor radon and radon in water was more significant for baths and less significant for pool waters. In the cases filling of the bath from water taps, significantly contribute to the increased radon was observed in the pool and bath areas of the spa.

scholarly journals Indoor radon monitoring in selected fault zones, Slovakia – preliminary results from the summer monitoring period

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-402
Author(s):  
Iveta Smetanová ◽  
Andrej Mojzeš ◽  
František Marko ◽  
Kamil Fekete ◽  
Kristián Csicsay
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Monitoring Period ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Radon Survey ◽  
Radon Monitoring

Abstract Indoor radon survey in Sološnica, Vydrník and Zázrivá villages has been performed within the framework of the project “Multidisciplinary research of geophysical and structural parameters, and environmental impacts of faults of the Western Carpathians”. Integration measurement of 222Rn activity concentration has been carried out using RamaRn detectors in houses, offices, schools and kindergartens. Indoor radon activity in the summer monitoring period (June–August 2018) varied from values under the detection limit of 55 Bq/m3 to 480 Bq/m3. In 94% of rooms the radon activity below 200 Bq/m3 was found. The results have been examined in respect of the most used building material and presence or absence of a cellar underneath the room. Indoor radon higher than 300 Bq/m3 was measured only in rooms in direct contact with the subsoil.

RADON INHALATION EXPERIMENTS TO TEST RADON EXHALATION KINETICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-180
Author(s):  
P Fojtík ◽  
J Hůlka ◽  
P Bartl ◽  
K Jílek ◽  
I Malátová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Air Concentration ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Biokinetic Model ◽  
Decay Products ◽  
Exhaled Air

Abstract Three experiments were conducted with a volunteer to test the kinetics of the 222Rn exhalation after a short­time exposure to an elevated 222Rn air concentration. Radon concentration in an exhaled air was measured, complemented by whole body counting of 222Rn decay products in a body. Exhaled activities are compared with the prediction of the recent ICRP biokinetic model for radon. While a rapid equilibration of the exhaled radon activity concentration with that in the air inhaled corresponded with the model, the measured 222Rn exhalation rate was significantly less than modelled. Five hours after termination of the inhalation phase, the radon concentration in the exhaled air decreased to levels expected for non-elevated indoor radon activity concentration. Whole body activities of the 222Rn decay products were found higher than expected. Inhalation of the unattached fraction or residual activity of decay products in the air inhaled may be the explanation.

scholarly journals Analysis of Presumed IQOS Influencer Marketing on Instagram in the Czech Republic in 2018–2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Philip Morris ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research Project

BACKGROUND: Heated tobacco products (HTP) are novel electronic devices that produce an aerosol by heating modified tobacco. In July 2017, Philip Morris launched a heated tobacco product, IQOS, on the Czech market. The release of IQOS was promoted by a massive marketing campaign using various marketing channels. AIM: This paper presents an analysis of the influencers’ posts promoting a heated tobacco product (HTP), IQOS, produced by Philip Morris, in the Czech Republic. METHODS: Critical discourse analysis (CDA) was used to uncover the hidden power relationships in both textual and visual representations of IQOS in Instagram posts. We analysed the posts of 22 Czech influencers identified with the hashtags #IQOSambassador, #IQOSambasabor, #IQOSlounge, #IQOSveVarech, and #mujIQOS, together with associated pictures and videos on Instagram. RESULTS: The hashtag #iqosambassador was used internationally in 940 posts (as of May 16, 2019). Our findings show subtle forms of persuasion that associate the IQOS product with an aspirational, exclusive lifestyle, healthy living, and a relaxed atmosphere within a community of friends. Preliminary results also show that influencers promoted IQOS to any and all Instagram users (including children and non-smokers). Covert advertising was indicated indirectly by the use of hashtags (#notriskfree, #onlyforadults, and #iqosambassador), which might be evidence that the influencers were paid indirectly by a digital marketing or PR agency. CONCLUSIONS: Czech celebrities and influencers have been actively presenting IQOS in their posts and videos since 2018 on Instagram. They present IQOS as a gateway to an aspirational, healthy, attractive and celebrity lifestyle. The preliminary results are being published as a part of a larger interdisciplinary research project by Charles University, Prague.

scholarly journals Indoor radon activity concentration and effective dose rates at schools and thermal spas of Ilgin

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-346
Author(s):  
Mehmet Erdogan ◽  
Murat Abaka ◽  
Kaan Manisa ◽  
Hasan Bircan ◽  
Coskun Kus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Indoor Radon Concentration ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Basement Floor ◽  
Effective Doses

Indoor radon activity concentrations and radon doses on the ground floor and basement floor of 19 schools (kindergardens, primary schools, secondary schools, and high schools) and thermal spas of Ilgin district in Konya, have been measured using the AlphaGUARD PQ 2000PRO radon detector, for three days in the first half of 2016. According to the results, while the indoor radon concentration for only one location, in total, is above the Turkish action level of 400 Bqm?3, the values for 10 locations are above the reference level of 100 Bqm?3, recommended by WHO. The calculated annual effective doses for inhalation of the radon in indoor air were also found to be 0.26 ?Sv for the minimum and 4.36 ?Sv for the maximum. The parametric distribution analysis is also performed with 3-parameter Weibull distribution and some remarks are provided on radon concentration activity.

scholarly journals The capital structure of agricultural enterprises in the Visegrad countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
Veronika Fenyves ◽  
Károly Pető ◽  
János Szenderák ◽  
Mónika Harangi-Rákos
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Company Size ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Visegrád Countries ◽  
The Capital Structure

The Visegrad countries – or the V-4 countries: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia – is strong regional cooperation of four EU member states in Eastern-Central-Europe aimed at strengthening the positions of the members on both a European and a global level. The aim of this research is to analyse the capital structure of the agricultural and food companies in the V4 Member States. The results show that more profitable companies were less dependent on debt finance, while the fast-growing companies had limited access to the financial market. Company size had a significant effect only in the Czech Republic. Overall, the capital structure seemed to be strongly affected by the farm structure and the relative company size.

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