Assessment of specific absorption rate reduction in human head using metamaterial

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque ◽  
Mohammad Tariqul Islam ◽  
Nik Abdullah Nik Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Ring Resonators ◽  
Specific Absorption ◽  
Difference Time ◽  
Communication Equipment ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractIn this paper, the specific absorption rate (SAR) reduction in human head with metamaterial attachment is calculated. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been used to evaluate the SAR in an anatomically correct model of the human head. We designed the double-negative metamaterials by placing periodic array arrangement of split ring resonators (SRRs). By properly designing and tuning the structural parameters of SRRS, the effective medium parameters can be made negative at 900 and 1800 MHz band, as presented in this paper. Experimental results show that, with presence of resonators, SAR reduction in the human head is achievable. These results can provide useful insight into the design of safety-compliant mobile communication equipment.

scholarly journals A New Design of Metamaterials for SAR Reduction

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. I. Faruque ◽  
M. T. Islam ◽  
M. A. M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Finite Difference ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Finite Difference Time Domain ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
Cellular Phone ◽  
Drude Model ◽  
Specific Absorption ◽  
Difference Time

The purpose of this paper is to calculate the reduction of specific absorption rate (SAR) with a new design of square metamaterials (SMMs). The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method with lossy-Drude model is adopted in this analysis. The method of SAR reduction is discussed and the effects of location, distance, and size of metamaterials are analyzed. SMMs have achieved a 53.06% reduction of the initial SAR value for the case of 10 gm SAR. These results put forward a guideline to select various types of metamaterials with the maximum SAR reducing effect for a cellular phone.

Investigation of Hand Worn Jewellery Effects on the Specific Absorption Rate in the Human Head and Hand

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 4559-4563
Author(s):  
Mohammad Islam Tariqul ◽  
Zainool Abidin Hafizah ◽  
Rashed Iqbal Faruque Mohammad ◽  
Misran Norbahiah
Keyword(s):  
Finite Difference ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Finite Difference Time Domain ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Human Hand ◽  
Difference Time

The presence of hand could alter the energy absorbed in the human head. Hence, a study of the interaction between mobile device antennas and human head in the presence of metallic hand worn jewellery on human hand with different holding ways is investigated. A finite-difference time domain (FDTD) method has been performed by considering an internal PIFA antenna as the radiating source mounted at the top of a commercial clamshell phone positioned nearer the ear. With the introduction of hand-worn jewellery in variation parameters, there were perceptible effects on SAR variation in the human head. SAR distribution in the SAM head was found decreases due to different hand positions. Therefore, the head and in particular the hand may further impairment radiation performance of a mobile device.

Biological effect of SAR on the human head due to variation of dielectric properties at 1800 and 2450 MHz with different antenna substrate materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque ◽  
Mohammad Tariqul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Habib Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Finite Difference Time Domain ◽  
Biological Effect ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Difference Time

AbstractThe aim of this study was to consider a possible discrepancy in electromagnetic (EM) absorption in the human head. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method with the lossy Drude model was adopted in this study. Here, the permittivity and conductivity of all head tissues were increased from 10% to 20% except when not using the same exposure conditions. Recognizable mobile phone frequencies of 1800 and 2450 MHz were studied in this simulation. The increase of up to 20% in conductivity and permittivity and varied substrate material always caused an EM absorption variation of 32.59% for specific absorption rate (SAR) 1 g and 35.25% for SAR 10 g at 1800 MHz, and variation of 20.37% for SAR 1 g and 17.99% for SAR 10 g at 2450 MHz, respectively.

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