Field Screening of Known Pheromone Components of Longhorned Beetles in the Subfamily Cerambycinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Hungary

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 236-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Imrei ◽  
Jocelyn G. Millar ◽  
Miklós Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Communication ◽  
Insect Behaviour ◽  
Field Screening ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Longhorned Beetles ◽  
Aggregation Attractant ◽  
Study Support

Five compounds known to be pheromone components of longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the subfamily Cerambycinae were fi eld-tested as attractants and possible pheromones for the cerambycid fauna of Hungary. Nine cerambycid species were caught in baited traps. Large numbers of both sexes of the cerambycine species Molorchus umbellatarum Schreb. were caught in traps baited with (2R*,3S*)-octanediol, while the diastereomeric (2R*,3R*)-octanediol was to some extent attractive as well. This is the fi rst report on an aggregation attractant and a likely pheromone for a species in the cerambycine tribe Molorchini. The results of our study support the hypothesis that the diol/hydroxyketone pheromone motif is characteristic of and highly conserved within the subfamily Cerambycinae. Intraspecifi c chemical communication is summarized for the subfamily Cerambycinae, and possible links between taxonomy, insect behaviour, and pheromone structures are described

The response of Dendroctonus valens and Temnochila chlorodia to Ips paraconfusus pheromone components and verbenone

2007 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Fettig ◽  
Stephen R. McKelvey ◽  
Christopher P. Dabney ◽  
Roberty R. Borys
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Ips Paraconfusus ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Dendroctonus Valens ◽  
High Release ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Temnochila Chlorodia ◽  
Cut Stumps

AbstractThe red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens LeConte, 1860 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), is a common bark beetle found throughout much of North America and China. In 2004, we observed that attack densities of the California fivespined ips, Ips paraconfusus Lanier, 1970 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), in logging debris were inversely related to D. valens attacks on freshly cut stumps, which led to the demonstration that components of the aggregation pheromone of I. paraconfusus inhibited the response of D. valens to attractant-baited traps. In this study, we test the response of D. valens and Temnochila chlorodia (Mannerheim, 1843) (Coleoptera: Trogositidae), a common bark beetle predator, to racemic ipsenol, racemic ipsdienol, and (−)-cis-verbenol (IPSR) in the presence and absence of two release rates of (−)-verbenone. The addition of a relatively low release rate of (−)-verbenone (4 mg/24 h) to attractant-baited traps did not affect catch and had no significant effect on the response of D. valens to IPSR. IPSR significantly reduced D. valens attraction to baited traps. The addition of high release rates of (−)-verbenone (50 mg/24 h) to IPSR significantly increased inhibition; however, the effect was not significantly different from that observed with (−)-verbenone alone (50 mg/24 h). Temnochila chlorodia was attracted to traps baited with (−)-β-pinene, (+)-3-carene, and (+)-α-pinene. The addition of (−)-verbenone (50 mg/24 h) significantly increased attraction. Traps baited with IPSR caught significantly more T. chlorodia than those baited with (−)-verbenone. Few other beetles were collected. We are hopeful that these results will help facilitate the development of an effective tool for protecting Pinus spp. from D. valens infestations.

Evaluation of Multiple-Funnel and Slot Traps for Collection of Southern Pine Bark Beetles and Predators

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth W. McCravy ◽  
John T. Nowak ◽  
G. Keith Douce ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Funnel Trap ◽  
Pine Bark Beetles

Pheromone-baited traps are frequently used for research or in monitoring populations of bark beetles such as the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, and Ips spp. which are important pests of southern pines. We compared the effectiveness of two commercially available trap designs, the multiple-funnel trap and the slot trap, for collection of D. frontalis, three species of Ips, and two of their common predators. Slot traps captured greater numbers of bark beetles while multiple-funnel traps captured more predators. Multiple-funnel traps were judged to be easier to transport and check in the field. This study indicates that slot traps are preferable for monitoring southern bark beetles with the least disruption to natural enemy populations, while multiple-funnel traps are better for monitoring bark beetle/predator ratios. Due to ease of checking and handling, multiple-funnel traps are preferable for uses that involve large numbers of traps, long-distance manual hauling, or frequent relocation of traps.

Anonyx sarsi: a major unrecognized scavenger and predator in the intertidal zone

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1127-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ingólfsson ◽  
I. Agnarsson
Keyword(s):  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Important Predator

Anonyx sarsi (Crustacea: Amphipoda) is a widely distributed scavenger and predator in shallow waters of northern seas. It was caught, often in large numbers, in baited traps in the intertidal in Iceland, especially during mid-winter. Although hitherto only sporadically recorded from the intertidal, the species is undoubtedly among the most important carrion feeders there, and probably an important predator as well.

scholarly journals Scavenging behaviour by Ergalatax contractus (Gastropoda: Muricidae) and interactions with Nassarius nodifer (Gastropoda: Nassariidae) in the Cape d'Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Morton
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
Shallow Subtidal ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

Aspects of the feeding behaviour of Ergalatax contractus (Muricidae) were studied. Field experiments demonstrated that large numbers of individuals of this species, comprising ∼90% of a suite of gastropod scavengers, were attracted to baited traps in the subtidal sands of Lobster Bay, Cape d'Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong. Laboratory experiments identified the effective chemo-detection distances of E. contractus as 60 cm in still and >80 cm in flowing water, respectively. The average times to arrival at bait in still and flowing water were 92.3 and 69.0 min, respectively, but were significantly less for individuals experiencing a longer period of starvation. The mean time taken for E. contractus to consume a meal was 70.6 min.Comparisons were made between Ergalatax contractus and Nassarius nodifer, representative of a suite of sympatric scavenging nassariids in Lobster Bay. The nassariid arrived significantly faster at bait in both still (30.2 min) and flowing water (20.8 min) than E. contractus and fed faster (25.7 min), as is typical of representatives of the Nassariidae. Although the two species partition carrion resources temporally, manipulation experiments provided evidence for inter-specific competition between them. That is, although E. contractus possesses the morphological and behavioural characteristics of a predator, its opportunistic scavenging abilities have led to its success and numerical superiority on the shallow subtidal sands of Lobster Bay. The dominance of E. contractus in Lobster Bay, and elsewhere in Hong Kong, is unusual. Here, the normally predatory E. contractus, far outnumbers all other scavengers, possibly because of an enhanced, largely allochthonous, supply of food which it is able to exploit by virtue of its previously identified opportunistic habit of scavenging the leftovers of other predators. The presence of inter-specific competition between E. contractus and a sympatric suite of nassariids enhances, not impedes, carrion exploitation.

Effect of release rate and enantiomeric composition on response to pheromones of Megaplatypus mutatus (Chapuis) in poplar plantations of Argentina and Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 564-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernán Funes ◽  
Eduardo Zerba ◽  
Paola Gonzalez-Audino
Keyword(s):  
Release Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Poplar Plantations ◽  
Enantiomer Composition ◽  
Megaplatypus Mutatus

AbstractMegaplatypus mutatus (=Platypus sulcatus Chapuis) is an Ambrosia beetle native to South America, which was recently introduced in Italy and its presence there is causing severe damage to the local poplar plantations. The male M. mutatus pheromone is composed of (S)-(+)-6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol [(+)-sulcatol], 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (sulcatone) and 3-pentanol. A series of field trials testing dose, blend and enantiomer composition performed in Argentina and Italy evaluated attraction and found that the optimal release rate of pheromone components as baits in cross vane baited traps (CIPEIN-CV) was 6, 6 and 30 mg day−1 of sulcatone, (+)-sulcatol and 3-pentanol, respectively. It was also determined that racemic sulcatol is as effective as the pure (+)-isomer for the purpose of beetle catch, due to the inert nature of the (−)-isomer allowing the usage of low cost racemic sulcatol instead of highly expensive (+)-sulcatol. The results of our work contribute to the development of pheromone-based local technologies with low environmental impact and low cost for control or monitoring of an important pest.

Douglas-fir beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) response to single-point-source 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (MCH) releasers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Darrell W. Ross ◽  
Brian T. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Release Device ◽  
Airborne Concentration ◽  
Aggregation Attractant ◽  
Antiaggregation Pheromone ◽  
M 12 ◽  
Trap Catches

Abstract The Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) antiaggregation pheromone, 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (MCH), has been used since 2000 to protect high-value trees and stands throughout western North America. Operational treatments involve placing individual releasers on a 12 m × 12 m grid throughout the area to be protected. In this study, six widely spaced trap lines were established with aggregation attractant–baited traps located 1, 3, 9, 27, and 81 m from a location where an operational MCH release device was alternately either present or absent, and changes in catches caused by the MCH device were assessed at all distances. Trap catches were suppressed by about 70% at one and three metres, by 50% at nine metres, by 30% at 27 m, and not at all at 81 m. Inhibition by the MCH device varied with distance (m) from the source according to the function 0.79 − 0.092x0.51 (R 2 = 0.986). Decline of attractant inhibition with distance from the MCH device was much less steep than would have been expected if catch inhibition had varied directly with the average airborne concentration of MCH.

ATTRACTION OF THE TWOLINED CHESTNUT BORER, AGRILUS BILINEATUS (WEBER) (COLEOPTERA: BUPRESTIDAE), AND ASSOCIATED BORERS TO VOLATILES OF STRESSED WHITE OAK

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Dunn ◽  
Thomas W. Kimmerer ◽  
Gerald L. Nordin
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
White Oak ◽  
Inner Bark ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Olfactory Detection ◽  
Eastern Deciduous Forests

AbstractThe twolined chestnut borer, Agrilus bilineatus (Weber) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is associated with mortality of stressed oaks in the eastern deciduous forests of North America. Beetles were attracted to stressed trees within hours of the onset of stress. We hypothesized that adult beetles rapidly locate suitable hosts by olfactory detection of tree-released volatiles. Trees with sticky-band traps and vane traps baited with crude steam distillates from inner bark of stressed white oaks, or with combinations of ethanol and oak volatiles, captured significantly more beetles than did water controls. Ethanol alone did not attract significant numbers of A. bilineatus. Eighty-two percent of beetles captured were females. Ethanol-baited traps captured large numbers of Cerambycidae, Scolytidae, and a few Cleridae, and these insects were not attracted to oak volatiles. Sticky-band traps were more effective than vane traps in capturing A. bilineatus and other Buprestidae, but Cerambycidae and Scolytidae were more effectively captured in vane traps. Our results show that A. bilineatus is attracted to oak volatiles but later successional beetles are attracted to ethanol.

scholarly journals Lipocalins in arthropod chemical communication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Zhu ◽  
Alessio Iannucci ◽  
Francesca Romana Dani ◽  
Wolfgang Knoll ◽  
Paolo Pelosi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Communication ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Vomeronasal Organ ◽  
Odorant Binding Proteins ◽  
Environmental Pressure ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Odorant Binding ◽  
Chemosensory Organs

Abstract Lipocalins represent one of the most successful superfamilies of proteins. Most of them are extracellular carriers for hydrophobic ligands across aqueous media, but other functions have been reported. They are present in most living organisms including bacteria. In animals they have been identified in mammals, molluscs and arthropods; sequences have also been reported for plants. A sub-group of lipocalins, referred to as odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), mediate chemical communication in mammals by ferrying specific pheromones to the vomeronasal organ. So far, these proteins have not been reported as carriers of semiochemicals in other living organisms; instead chemical communication in arthropods is mediated by other protein families structurally unrelated to lipocalins. A search in the databases has revealed extensive duplication and differentiation of lipocalin genes in some species of insects, crustaceans and chelicerates. Their large numbers, ranging from a handful to few dozens in the same species, their wide divergence, both within and between species, and their expression in chemosensory organs suggest that such expansion may have occurred under environmental pressure, thus supporting the hypothesis that lipocalins may be involved in chemical communication in arthropods.

scholarly journals Crystal structure of Epiphyas postvittana pheromone binding protein 3

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Hamiaux ◽  
Colm Carraher ◽  
Christer Löfstedt ◽  
Jacob A. Corcoran
Keyword(s):  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Epiphyas Postvittana ◽  
Insect Behaviour ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Pheromone Binding Proteins ◽  
Horticultural Pest

Abstract The insect olfactory system operates as a well-choreographed ensemble of molecules which functions to selectively translate volatile chemical messages present in the environment into neuronal impulses that guide insect behaviour. Of these molecules, binding proteins are believed to transport hydrophobic odorant molecules across the aqueous lymph present in antennal sensilla to receptors present in olfactory sensory neurons. Though the exact mechanism through which these proteins operate is still under investigation, these carriers clearly play a critical role in determining what an insect can smell. Binding proteins that transport important sex pheromones are colloquially named pheromone binding proteins (PBPs). Here, we have produced a functional recombinant PBP from the horticultural pest, Epiphyas postvittana (EposPBP3), and experimentally solved its apo-structure through X-ray crystallography to a resolution of 2.60 Å. Structural comparisons with related lepidopteran PBPs further allowed us to propose models for the binding of pheromone components to EposPBP3. The data presented here represent the first structure of an olfactory-related protein from the tortricid family of moths, whose members cause billions of dollars in losses to agricultural producers each year. Knowledge of the structure of these important proteins will allow for subsequent studies in which novel, olfactory molecule-specific insecticides can be developed.

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