Evaluating the Psychometric Effects and Assessment of Inconsistent Responding on the Psychopathic Personality Inventory–Revised in a Correctional Sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 707-720
Author(s):  
Bryan Neo ◽  
Martin Sellbom ◽  
Dustin B. Wygant
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Correctional Setting ◽  
Psychopathic Personality Inventory ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Male Inmates ◽  
Response Biases ◽  
Inconsistent Responding

The current study aimed to examine the effects of inconsistent responding on Psychopathic Personality Inventory–Revised (PPI-R; Lilienfeld & Widows, 2005) scale scores and the utility of the IR scale in detecting such responding in a correctional setting. The study employed an internally controlled method of simulating inconsistent responding by inserting ascending levels of computer-generated random responses into PPI-R protocols. Participants were 218 male inmates from a medium-security prison in central Kentucky in the United States. Results indicated that psychometric properties of PPI-R scores were substantially attenuated at as low as 40% of random responding. Additionally, results indicated that an Inconsistent Responding (IR) Scale cut-off of 40 would provide the best balance between sensitivity and specificity in detecting invalid PPI-R protocols. Overall, this study highlighted the utility of the IR Scale in self-report psychopathy measures and the need to consider such response biases in research and clinical settings.

Psychopathic Personality Inventory—Revised-40; Inconsistent Responding Scale—Short-10

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon E. Kelley ◽  
John F. Edens ◽  
M. Brent Donnellan ◽  
Jared R. Ruchensky ◽  
Edward A. Witt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Psychopathic Personality Inventory ◽  
Inconsistent Responding

Psychopathy in a Multiethnic World: Investigating Multiple Measures of Psychopathy in Hispanic, African American, and Caucasian Offenders

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan T. Gatner ◽  
Adam J. E. Blanchard ◽  
Kevin S. Douglas ◽  
Scott O. Lilienfeld ◽  
John F. Edens
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Secondary Psychopathy ◽  
Psychopathic Personality Inventory ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Primary And Secondary Psychopathy

Despite the forensic relevance of psychopathy and the overrepresentation of Hispanics in the United States’ criminal justice system, these two issues remain underexplored, particularly with self-report measures of psychopathy. We investigated the criterion validity of three psychopathy measures among African Americans, Caucasians, and Hispanics in a sample of 1,742 offenders. More similarity than dissimilarity emerged across groups. The factor structures of psychopathy measures among Hispanic offenders were consistent with previous findings. Few significant differences emerged between Hispanic and Caucasian offenders, with most differences emerging between African Americans and the other ethnic groups. In such instances, the correlates of psychopathy were typically weaker for African Americans. The Psychopathy Checklist–Revised yielded fewer psychopathy × ethnicity interactions than the Psychopathic Personality Inventory and Levenson Primary and Secondary Psychopathy Scales. Overall, these psychopathy measures showed reasonable validity across these cultural groups.

Item Response Theory Analysis of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory–Revised

Assessment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1046-1058
Author(s):  
Alexander E. Eichenbaum ◽  
David K. Marcus ◽  
Brian F. French
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Item Response Theory Analysis ◽  
Psychopathic Personality Inventory

This study examined item and scale functioning in the Psychopathic Personality Inventory–Revised (PPI-R) using an item response theory analysis. PPI-R protocols from 1,052 college student participants (348 male, 704 female) were analyzed. Analyses were conducted on the 131 self-report items comprising the PPI-R’s eight content scales, using a graded response model. Scales collected a majority of their information about respondents possessing higher than average levels of the traits being measured. Each scale contained at least some items that evidenced limited ability to differentiate between respondents with differing levels of the trait being measured. Moreover, 80 items (61.1%) yielded significantly different responses between men and women presumably possessing similar levels of the trait being measured. Item performance was also influenced by the scoring format (directly scored vs. reverse-scored) of the items. Overall, the results suggest that the PPI-R, despite identifying psychopathic personality traits in individuals possessing high levels of those traits, may not identify these traits equally well for men and women, and scores are likely influenced by the scoring format of the individual item and scale.

Identifying Careless Responding With the Psychopathic Personality Inventory–Revised Validity Scales

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Marcus ◽  
Abere Sawaqdeh Church ◽  
Debra O’Connell ◽  
Scott O. Lilienfeld
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Validity Scales ◽  
Cut Scores ◽  
Psychopathic Personality Inventory ◽  
Careless Responding ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Inconsistent Responding

The Psychopathic Personality Inventory–Revised (PPI-R) includes validity scales that assess Deviant Responding (DR), Virtuous Responding, and Inconsistent Responding. We examined the utility of these scales for identifying careless responding using data from two online studies that examined correlates of psychopathy in college students (Sample 1: N = 583; Sample 2: N = 454). Compared with those below the cut scores, those above the cut on the DR scale yielded consistently lower validity coefficients when PPI-R scores were correlated with corresponding scales from the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure. The other three PPI-R validity scales yielded weaker and less consistent results. Participants who completed the studies in an inordinately brief amount of time scored significantly higher on the DR and Virtuous Responding scales than other participants. Based on the findings from the current studies, researchers collecting PPI-R data online should consider identifying and perhaps screening out respondents with elevated scores on the DR scale.

Diagnostik psychopathischer Persönlichkeitszüge bei Straftätern

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedwig Eisenbarth ◽  
Georg W. Alpers
Keyword(s):  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Psychopathic Personality Inventory

Das Psychopathic Personality Inventory Revised (PPI-R) wurde bisher anhand der Daten gesunder, nicht straffälliger Probanden validiert. Die vorliegende Untersuchung überprüft die Validität des PPI-R für Straftäterstichproben. Die PPI-R Werte von 152 männlichen Patienten des Maßregelvollzugs, 65 Strafgefangenen und 214 männlichen Studenten wurden verglichen. Es wurden Reliabilitätskoeffizienten sowie Korrelationen mit der PCL-R berechnet. Es ergaben sich gute Reliabilitätskoeffizienten in der forensischen und der Strafgefangenen-Stichprobe. Die forensischen Patienten unterschieden sich signifikant von der gesunden Gruppe im Gesamtwert des PPI-R. Der PPI-R Gesamtwert und die PCL-R sowie deren Faktoren korrelierten signifikant. Obwohl die Gütekriterien des PPI-R auch in Straftätergruppen repliziert werden konnten, legen die Ergebnisse die Verwendung spezifischer Referenzwerte nahe. Einschränkungen des Einsatzes im Rahmen von prognostischen Aussagen sind zu beachten.

Use of the MMPI–2's VRIN Scale with Severely Disturbed Populations: Consistent Responding May Be More Problematic than Inconsistent Responding

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Stukenberg ◽  
Charles Brady ◽  
Nadya Klinetob
Keyword(s):  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Random Responding ◽  
Validity Scale ◽  
Acute Distress ◽  
Psychiatric Population ◽  
Inconsistent Responding ◽  
Report Measure

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–Second Edition includes a new validity scale, the VRIN scale, intended to detect random responding. High scores are viewed as casting suspicion on the validity of the profile. For the present study, the authors evaluated some of the complexities of the VRIN scale including its interaction with the F scale. In particular, we tested two hypotheses. First is that among psychotically disturbed test takers, some inconsistent responding is an integral and expected mode of responding to a self-report measure. That is, in an inpatient psychiatric population increased confused responding (high VRIN score) is related in predictable ways to increased endorsement of pychotic scales and two-point codes and to increased psychotic diagnoses. The second hypothesis is a corollary—that the absence of inconsistency (low VRIN) in a protocol indicating acute distress (high F) may indicate that a respondent is being too consistent in presenting self as having severe difficulties. In this case, the rest of the protocol may be an exaggerated description of the clinical presentation. A sample of 521 psychiatric inpatients was used to evaluate these hypotheses. Some support for both hypotheses is reported. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the hypotheses.

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