scholarly journals Temporal patterns of muscle activation for arm movements in three- dimensional space

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2680-2693 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Flanders
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Arm Movements ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

Path constraints on point-to-point arm movements in three-dimensional space

Neuroscience ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Lacquaniti ◽  
J.F. Soechting ◽  
S.A. Terzuolo
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Arm Movements ◽  
Path Constraints ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

Coordination of arm movements in three-dimensional space. Sensorimotor mapping during drawing movement

Neuroscience ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F. Soechting ◽  
F. Lacquaniti ◽  
C.A. Terzuolo
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Arm Movements ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

In Vivo Determination of the Direction of Rotation and Moment-Angle Relationship of Individual Elbow Muscles

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zhang ◽  
J. Butler ◽  
T. Nishida ◽  
G. Nuber ◽  
H. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

The direction of rotation (DOR) of individual elbow muscles, defined as the direction in which a muscle rotates the forearm relative to the upper arm in three-dimensional space, was studied in vivo as a function of elbow flexion and forearm rotation. Electrical stimulation was used to activate an individual muscle selectively, and the resultant flexion-extension, supination-pronation, and varus-valgus moments were used to determine the DOR. Furthermore, multi-axis moment-angle relationships of individual muscles were determined by stimulating the muscle at a constant submaximal level across different joint positions, which was assumed to result in a constant level of muscle activation. The muscles generate significant moments about axes other than flexion-extension, which is potentially important for actively controlling joint movement and maintaining stability about all axes. Both the muscle DOR and the multi axis moments vary with the joint position systematically. Variations of the DOR and moment-angle relationship across muscle twitches of different amplitudes in a subject were small, while there were considerable variations between subjects.

Sensorimotor transformations underlying the organization of arm movements in three-dimensional space

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Soechting ◽  
C. A. Terzuolo
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Arm Movements ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Intrinsic Parameters ◽  
Sensorimotor Transformations ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

Coordinated movements in three-dimensional space involve sensorimotor transformations between extrinsic and intrinsic coordinates. It is hypothesized that a key aspect underlying the organization of such movements is the need to simplify these transformations by means of suitable approximations and the imposition of constraints. Motor tasks involving the drawing of circles and ellipses in different planes were analyzed from this perspective, and some rules are presented whereby the plane of motion and the slant of an ellipse can be specified in a simple way in terms of intrinsic parameters. It is shown that these rules can be generalized to hold for more complicated wrist motions if one assumes that they consist of segments of elliptical arcs.

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