scholarly journals In Vivo NMDA Receptor Activation Accelerates Motor Unit Maturation, Protects Spinal Motor Neurons, and Enhances SMN2 Gene Expression in Severe Spinal Muscular Atrophy Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (34) ◽  
pp. 11288-11299 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Biondi ◽  
J. Branchu ◽  
G. Sanchez ◽  
C. Lancelin ◽  
S. Deforges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Spinal Motor Neurons ◽  
Spinal Motor ◽  
Smn2 Gene ◽  
Nmda Receptor Activation

DL -Homocysteic acid application disrupts calcium homeostasis and induces degeneration of spinal motor neurons in vivo

2002 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Róbert Adalbert ◽  
József Engelhardt ◽  
László Siklós
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Calcium Homeostasis ◽  
Homocysteic Acid ◽  
Spinal Motor Neurons ◽  
Spinal Motor

scholarly journals Postinduction Requirement of NMDA Receptor Activation for Late-Phase Long-Term Potentiation of Developing Retinotectal Synapses In Vivo

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 3328-3335 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-q. Gong ◽  
L.-j. He ◽  
Z.-y. Dong ◽  
X.-h. Lu ◽  
M.-m. Poo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Nmda Receptor Activation

scholarly journals Illuminating ALS Motor Neurons With Optogenetics in Zebrafish

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhide Asakawa ◽  
Hiroshi Handa ◽  
Koichi Kawakami
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
The Body ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Spinal Motor Neurons ◽  
Spinal Motor

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurological disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Spinal motor neurons align along the spinal cord length within the vertebral column, and extend long axons to connect with skeletal muscles covering the body surface. Due to this anatomy, spinal motor neurons are among the most difficult cells to observe in vivo. Larval zebrafish have transparent bodies that allow non-invasive visualization of whole cells of single spinal motor neurons, from somas to the neuromuscular synapses. This unique feature, combined with its amenability to genome editing, pharmacology, and optogenetics, enables functional analyses of ALS-associated proteins in the spinal motor neurons in vivo with subcellular resolution. Here, we review the zebrafish skeletal neuromuscular system and the optical methods used to study it. We then introduce a recently developed optogenetic zebrafish ALS model that uses light illumination to control oligomerization, phase transition and aggregation of the ALS-associated DNA/RNA-binding protein called TDP-43. Finally, we will discuss how this disease-in-a-fish ALS model can help solve key questions about ALS pathogenesis and lead to new ALS therapeutics.

scholarly journals The manipulation of spinal motor neuron axonal growth promotes spinal cord repair

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Wang ◽  
Xinya Fu ◽  
Meiemei Li ◽  
Xingran Wang ◽  
Jile Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Spinal Motor Neurons ◽  
Spinal Motor ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Cord Repair

The loss of motor function in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) is primarily due to the severing of the corticospinal tract (CST). Spinal motor neurons are located in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, and as the lower neurons of the CST, they control voluntary movement. Furthermore, its intrinsic axonal growth ability is significantly stronger than that of cerebral cortex pyramid neurons, which are the upper CST neurons. Therefore, we established an axonal regeneration model of spinal motor neurons to investigate the feasibility of repairing SCI by promoting axonal regeneration of spinal motor neurons. We demonstrated that conditionally knocking out pten in mature spinal motor neurons drastically enhanced axonal regeneration in vivo, and the regenerating axons of the spinal motor neurons re-established synapses with other cells in the damaged spinal cord. Thus, this strategy may serve as a novel and effective treatment method for SCI.

First SPET images of glutamate (NMDA) receptor activation in vivo in cerebral ischaemia

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. OWENS ◽  
D. J. WYPER ◽  
J. PATTERSON ◽  
D. R.P. BROWN ◽  
A. T. ELLIOTT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Cerebral Ischaemia ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Nmda Receptor Activation
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