The clinical and biochemical features in 26 patients with prolactinoma before and after transsphenoidal microresection

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naguib A. Samaan ◽  
George E. Elhaj ◽  
Milam E. Leavens ◽  
Robert R. Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Pituitary Fossa ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Serum Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Abstract. Twenty-six women, 16 to 40 years of age, with amenorrhoea with or without galactorrhoea and abnormal pituitary fossa tomogram were studied before and after transsphenoidal resection of their pituitary adenomas. The immunoreactive serum prolactin (Prl) was abnormally high both before and after intravenous (iv) administration of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) but the rise was blunted. The serum Prl level returned to normal post-operatively in 20 patients, but the subnormal rise after TRH persisted in 23 patients. The basal serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were normal before and after surgery. The peak serum level of LH after administration of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) was normal but the peak FSH was significantly high before surgery (P < 0.001) and returned to normal post-operatively. Plasma oestradiol (Oe2) was significantly low compared to that after surgery (P < 0.001). Plasma testosterone (T) was significantly higher before surgery than that found in normal women (P < 0.001) and the level fell post-operatively. Plasma androstenedione (A) was higher before surgery than found in normals, but the difference was not significant (P < 0.2). Post-operatively, 23 patients regained their normal menses. Three of these 23 patients continued to have high serum Prl but the serum Oe2 returned to normal. Sixteen of 20 patients who desired pregnancy became pregnant post-operatively. None of the patients required hormonal replacement after surgery. These data indicate that the measurement of LH or FSH at basal and after LRH stimulation, may not be of significant prognostic importance compared with serum Prl and plasma Oe2. Regular menses and pregnancy can occur in some patients in spite of moderately high serum Prl but normal plasma Oe2 levels. Surgical resection of prolactinoma has low morbidity with a high incidence of success resulting in return of normal menses and fertility. The persistent subnormal rise of Prl after TRH post-operatively in the majority of the patients suggests that long-term follow-up for evidence of recurrence is indicated.

Serum prolactin and thyrotrophin responses to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone at different times of the day in normal women

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Pérez-López ◽  
G. Gómez ◽  
M. D. Abós
Keyword(s):  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Hormonal Release ◽  
Test Serum ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. In order to determine whether or not the pituitary responsiveness to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) changes during the nyctohemeral cycle, 10 healthy regularly cycling women were given 200 μg of TRH at 02.00 h, 10.00 h and 18.00 h with at least a 32 h interval between each test. Serum prolactin (Prl) and thyrotrophin (TSH) in 7 of the 10 women were measured serially before and after TRH administration. The mean basal Prl levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) at 02.00 h than at 10.00 h and 18.00 h. The mean basal TSH levels were higher, although not significantly, at 02.00 h than at 10.00 h and 18.00 h. Although a higher TSH release occurred at 02.00 h than at 10.00 h and 18.00 h, the mean serum TSH and Prl peak responses to TRH were statistically similar in the three groups of tests. The integrated changes scores, calculated as the difference between the average post-TRH hormonal release and the average baseline levels, although higher in the 18.00 h test for Prl and the 02.00 h test for TSH, were not statistically different among the three tests.

Pituitary and gonadal responsiveness is enhanced during GnRH-induced puberty

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (5) ◽  
pp. E652-E657
Author(s):  
D. I. Spratt ◽  
W. F. Crowley
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Gnrh Secretion ◽  
Serum Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Before And After

We hypothesized that the hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) signal that initiates sexual maturation is further amplified at both the pituitary and gonadal levels during puberty. To test this theory, six GnRH-deficient men were monitored during administration of exogenous GnRH at a physiological frequency for greater than or equal to 9 mo. GnRH doses were progressively increased until normal testosterone (T) concentrations and secondary sexual development were achieved. This "optimized" dose of GnRH was then sustained for at least 6 mo to allow maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The GnRH dose was then progressively decreased to a level that had been unable to stimulate normal T secretion before sexual maturation. Changes in pituitary responsiveness were analyzed in four of the six men by comparing gonadotropin responses to identical doses of GnRH before and after sexual maturation. Mean serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels as well as luteinizing hormone pulse amplitudes were greater after the induction of sexual maturation than before despite identical doses of GnRH. Both pituitary and gonadal responsiveness was then analyzed in the remaining two subjects by choosing periods of evaluation where endogenous gonadotropin levels were matched before and after the period of sexual maturation. Serum T concentrations were greater after sexual maturation than before despite equivalent gonadotropin input to the testes and LH pulse amplitudes. Thus the testicular responsiveness to gonadotropins increased during sexual maturation. After initiation of puberty by GnRH secretion, amplification at both the pituitary and gonadal levels contributes to sexual maturation in the human.

The effect of weight gain on gonadotrophins and prolactin in anorexia nervosa

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Isaacs ◽  
R. D. G. Leslie ◽  
J. Gomez ◽  
Richard Bayliss
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Serum Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract. Serum levels of gonadotrophins and prolactin and their response to luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone - releasing hormone (LRH) and thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) were measured in 14 females with anorexia nervosa when at low body weight and again in 6 cases during, and 12 cases after weight gain. Mean serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were low initially and whereas FSH increased significantly with weight gain, LH levels remained subnormal in most patients. LH responses to LRH were grossly impaired or absent in patients whose weight was below 75% of the ideal, but increased dramatically above this weight overshadowing the more modest increase in FSH response. In three patients, however, impaired LH responses persisted as ideal weight was approached. Basal prolactin levels were well within the normal range in all patients. During weight gain there was no change in basal levels but the prolactin level 20 min after TRH was significantly increased.

INFLUENCE OF PHOTOPERIOD ON THYROTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE-INDUCED PROLACTIN RELEASE IN EWES

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. HOWLAND ◽  
D. SONYA ◽  
L. M. SANFORD ◽  
W. M. PALMER
Keyword(s):  
Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Constant Light ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Prolactin Release ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Release Curve ◽  
Short Days

The influence of photoperiod on serum prolactin levels and prolactin release induced by thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) was determined in ewes maintained under the following lighting regimes: Room 1, lighting mimicked natural changes in photoperiod; Room 2, annual photoperiod changes condensed into 6 mo with short days in June; Room 3, same as Room 2 except photoperiod changed abruptly from 16.5 to 8.0 h on 21 Mar. and back to 16.5 h on 21 June; Room 4, constant light. Weekly blood samples were obtained from February to August. Additionally, blood samples were collected before and after treatment with 10 μg TRH on 19 May, 13 June, 27 June and 19 July. Prolactin levels were elevated in ewes exposed to long days or constant light. The mean of all pre-TRH samples was significantly correlated with stress-induced elevations in prolactin (highest pre-TRH value) (r = 0.72) and area under the TRH-induced release curve (r = 0.56). The prolactin release in response to TRH was greatest in ewes exposed to long days or constant light. Abrupt increase of day length elevated pretreatment prolactin levels (P < 0.01) and increased area under the response curve (P < 0.05). Key words: Photoperiod, TRH, prolactin, ewes

RESTORATION OF OESTROGEN POSITIVE FEEDBACK EFFECT ON LH RELEASE BY BROMOCRIPTINE IN HYPERPROLACTINAEMIC PATIENTS WITH GALACTORRHOEA-AMENORRHOEA

1979 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiro Aono ◽  
Akira Miyake ◽  
Takenori Shioji Motoi Yasuda ◽  
Koji Koike ◽  
Keiichi Kurachi
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Serum Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lh Rh ◽  
Lh Releasing Hormone ◽  
Positive Feedback Effect

ABSTRACT Five mg of bromocriptine was administered for 3 weeks to 8 hyperprolactinaemic women with galactorrhoea-amernorrhoea, in whom the response of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to 100 μg of iv LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) had been evaluated. Twenty mg of conjugated oestrogen (Premarin®) was injected iv any day between the 10th and 12th day from the initiation of the treatment, and serum LH levels were serially determined for 120 h. Hyperresponse of LH with normal FSH response to LH-RH was observed in most patients. Bromocriptine treatment for 10 to 12 days significantly suppressed mean (± se) serum prolactin (PRL) levels from 65.1 ± 23.0 to 10.4 ± 2.0 ng/ml, while LH (12.6 ± 2.1 to 24.8 ± 5.9 mIU/ml) and oestradiol (40.1 ± 7.6 to 111.4 ± 20.8 pg/ml) levels increased significantly. Patients on bromocriptine treatment showed LH release with a peak at 48 h after the injection of Premarin. The mean per cent increases in LH were significantly higher than those in untreated patients with galactorrhoea-amenorrhoea between 32 and 96 h after the injection. The present results seem to suggest that the restoration of LH-releasing response to oestrogen following suppression of PRL by bromocriptine may play an important role in induction of ovulation in hyperprolactinaemic patients with galactorrhoea-amenorrhoea.

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