Renal tubular reabsorption of calcium in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia
Abstract. To investigate the nephron site of the enhanced tubular calcium reabsorption in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH), the renal plasma clearance of lithium and calcium and the glomerular filtration rate were determined simultanously after an overnight fast in nine FHH patients and ten healthy controls. As the renal plasma clearance of lithium equals the rate of the proximal tubular fluid delivered into the thin descending loop of Henle's loop, the reabsorption of calcium in the proximal and distal tubule, respectively, could be calculated. We found that the FHH patients had a significantly higher fractional calcium reabsorption in the proximal tubule (77.6 ± 4.7 (%) vs 73.3 ± 3.1, P < 0.05). The same held true for the absolute proximal calcium reabsorption (1.49 ± 0.12 (mmol/l) vs 1.07 ± 0.05, P < 0.001). There was a significant linear correlation between the increased tubular capacity for calcium reabsorption and the absolute proximal calcium reabsorption (r = 0.70, P < 0.05). The distal tubular calcium reabsorption did not differ in the two groups. Our results therefore suggest that the enhanced tubular calcium reabsorption in FHH takes place exclusively in the proximal renal tubule.