Radioactive iodine thyroid uptake in patients with amiodarone-iodine-induced thyroid dysfunction

1988 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Martino ◽  
L. Bartalena ◽  
S. Mariotti ◽  
F. Aghini-Lombardi ◽  
C. Ceccarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Amiodarone Therapy ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Uptake ◽  
Perchlorate Discharge Test ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
Discharge Test

Abstract. Amiodarone, an iodine-rich drug, represents at the present, at least in Europe, one of the most common sources of iodine-induced thyroid dysfunction. The drug may induce both hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis. In spite of the large iodine intake occurring during amiodarone therapy, 131I thyroid uptake is detectable in patients with amiodarone-iodine-induced hypothyroidism, irrespective of the presence or absence of underlying thyroid disease. In contrast, in patients with amiodarone-iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis, 131I thyroid uptake is normal or even elevated in those with co-existent underlying thyroid disorders, whereas it is very low in those with an apparently normal thyroid gland. Perchlorate discharge test was performed in 8 patients with hypothyroidism and in 5 patients with hyperthyroidism induced by amiodarone: a positive test was found in all hypothyroid patients and a negative test in all hyperthyroid patients.

Disorders of iodine excess

2011 ◽  
pp. 403-408
Author(s):  
Shigenobu Nagataki ◽  
Misa Imaizumi ◽  
Noboru Takamura
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Laminaria Japonica ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Excess Iodine ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function

Iodine is an essential substrate for the biosynthesis of thyroid hormone because both thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) contain iodine. An adequate supply of dietary iodine is therefore necessary for the maintenance of normal thyroid function. Dietary iodine intake is increasing in many regions, especially in developed countries, mainly due to iodization of salt or bread, and it is well known that various drugs and foods contain large quantities of iodine (1), e.g. seaweeds, such as konbu (Laminaria japonica), contain 0.3% of iodine dry weight. Furthermore, large doses of iodine are used for prophylaxis against exposure to 131I. Excess iodine, as well as iodine deficiency, can induce thyroid dysfunction. The response of the thyroid gland to excess iodine and disorders due to excess iodine are the main subject of this chapter.

Iodine induced thyrotoxicosis in apparently normal thyroid glands

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
ståle Skare ◽  
Harald M. M. Frey
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Trh Stimulation ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Thyroid Uptake ◽  
Iodine Excretion ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract. Two male patients aged 36 and 52 years with thyrotoxicosis revealed a serum T3 of 2.8 and 6.5 nmol/l and a serum T4 of 166 and 238 nmol/l, respectively. Both had been exposed to iodine (2–10 mg daily) for 2–12 months before thyrotoxicosis was diagnosed. Urinary iodine excretion was high, 5000 and 10000 nmol/24 h (624–1250 μg). The uptake of 131I in the thyroid glands were low, none had goitre. Their iodine intake was interrupted, urinary iodine excretion gradually decreased, and T3 and T4 in serum concomitantly normalized. They were clinically and biochemically euthyroid 9 and 11 weeks after withdrawal. After 14 and 22 weeks they had normal thyroid uptake of 131I, and thyroid scans showed glands of normal size and configuration, TRH-stimulation and a T3-suppression tests became normal. ESR was not elevated in any of the cases, thyroid antibodies against thyroglobulin and follicular cell microsomes were absent and TSAb was undetectable during the thyrotoxic stage. Thus no evidence of any pre-existing and/or pre-disposing pathological condition in the thyroid glands were found. The mechanism for the iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis in such cases remains obscure.

scholarly journals Clinical and laboratory features of children and adolescents with congenital hypothyroidism due to dyshormonogenesis in southern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Cristina Romero Rojas Ramos ◽  
Luiz de Lacerda Filho ◽  
Adriane de André Cardoso DeMartini ◽  
Rodrigo Bruel da Silveira ◽  
Rosana Marques Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Genetic Defect ◽  
Iodide Transport ◽  
Transport Defect ◽  
Perchlorate Discharge Test ◽  
Iodide Organification Defect ◽  
Organification Defect ◽  
Radioactive Iodine Uptake ◽  
Discharge Test

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the phenotype of patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) due to dyshormonogenesis, and to hypothesize on the degree of genetic defect. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Patients with dyshormonogenesis were subdivided into G1 (radioactive iodine uptake, RAIU > 15%; n = 62) and G2 (RAIU < 15%; n = 32). Thyroglobulin (TG) was measured in all patients; perchlorate discharge test (PDT) was performed in G1; and saliva-to-plasma radioiodine ratio (I- S/P) in G2. RESULTS: Levels of TSH, TT4, and FT4 before treatment and upon diagnosis confirmation were significantly different in both groups, but not between groups. In G1, 27 patients developed goiter; 17 had positive PDT (14%-71% discharge), 11 had TG < 2.5 ng/dL (one with high TSH), and one developed thyroid carcinoma. In G2, four patients developed goiter, and three had low I- S/P. CONCLUSION: These data suggest an iodide organification defect in 17 cases; an iodide transport defect (NIS defect) in three, probable TSH resistance in 10, and a TG synthesis defect in two cases.

scholarly journals A study of thyroid dysfunction in dysfunctional uterine bleeding

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Verma ◽  
Anita Pal ◽  
Saroj Jaswal
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Endometrial Pattern ◽  
Proliferative Endometrium ◽  
Biochemical Evaluation ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
Secretory Endometrium

Background: The objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in dysfunctional uterine bleeding and to assess the menstrual and endometrial pattern in women with thyroid disorders.Methods: The present study was conducted on 200 patients who presented with dysfunctional uterine bleeding in gynecology OPD.Results: Among the 200 women 39 (19.5%) had hypothyroidism, 2 (1%) had hyperthyroidism and 159 (79.55%) were euthyroid. Menorrhagia was the most common menstrual disorder in hypothyroidism and oligomenorrhoea in hyperthyroidism. In the present study 74.3% patients had proliferative endometrium,26.3% secretory endometrium, in hypothyroid patients and secretory endometrium in 2 (1%) hyperthyroid patients. A woman with hypothyroidism, commonly presents with anovulation and unopposed oestrogen activity causes endometrial hyperplasia which may outgrow the blood supply and may cause local areas of necrosis and breakdown and produces bleeding.Conclusions: The menstrual irregularities are significantly more frequent in patients with thyroid dysfunction and menorrhagia was the commonest menstrual abnormality. The study concludes that biochemical evaluation of thyroid function should be made mandatory in all cases of abnormal uterine bleeding and this would avoid unnecessary surgeries and exposure to hormones.

Serum bile acid profile in thyroid dysfunction and effect of medical treatment

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoo Kosuge ◽  
Tomoe Beppu ◽  
Takao Kodama ◽  
Koh Hidai ◽  
Yasuo Idezuki
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Cholic Acid ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Chenodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Serum Bile Acid ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

1. Serum non-esterified bile acid profile was examined in patients with thyroid dysfunction. Sixteen hyperthyroid patients, six hypothyroid patients, nine patients taking thyroid or antithyroid drugs and 26 healthy controls were studied. The medicated patients were euthyroid when serum samples were collected. Bile acid concentration was determined by the simplified microassay method involving mass fragmentation spectrometry. 2. The sum of the concentrations of the individual bile acids was not significantly different among the four groups. However, the composition of bile acid reflected the thyroid function. The most prominent bile acid was deoxycholic acid in the hypothyroid patients and chenodeoxycholic acid in the hyperthyroid patients. The serum bile acid profile of medically treated patients was similar to that of normal cpntrols. The ratio of the sum of deoxycholic and cholic acid to that of lithocholic and chenodeoxycholic acid was found to be a good indicator of thyroid function, while the ratio of cholic acid to chenodeoxycholic acid correlated poorly with it. 3. The characteristic effect of thyroid hormone on the serum bile acid composition in man was the shift from the ‘family’ of cholic acid to that of chenodeoxycholic acid. This is in agreement with experimental results in the rat, and suggests a specific action of thyroid hormone on the hydroxylating enzymes involved in the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids.

Radioiodine treatment of feline hyperthyroidism in Germany

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (06) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Knietsch ◽  
T. Spillmann ◽  
E.-G. Grünbaum ◽  
R. Bauer ◽  
M. Puille
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Radioiodine Treatment ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Body Activity ◽  
Thyroid Uptake

SummaryAim: Establishment of radioiodine treatment of feline hyperthyroidism in veterinary routine in accordance with German radiation protection regulations. Patients and methods: 35 cats with proven hyperthyroidism were treated with 131I in a special ward. Thyroid uptake and effective halflife were determined using gammacamera dosimetry. Patients were released when measured whole body activity was below the limit defined in the German “Strahlenschutzverordnung”. Results: 17/20 cats treated with 150 MBq radioiodine and 15/15 cats treated with 250 MBq had normal thyroid function after therapy, normal values for FT3 and FT4 were reached after two and normal TSH levels after three weeks. In 14 cats normal thyroid function was confirmed by controls 3-6 months later. Thyroidal iodine uptake was 24 ± 10%, effective halflife 2.5 ± 0.7 days. Whole body activity <1 MBq was reached 13 ± 4 days after application of 131I. Radiation exposure of cat owners was estimated as 1.97 Sv/MBq for adults. Conclusion: Radioiodine therapy of feline hyper-thyroidism is highly effective and safe. It can easily be performed in accordance with German radiation protection regulations, although this requires hospitalisation for approximately two weeks. Practical considerations on radiation exposure of cat owners do not justify this long interval. Regulations for the veterinary use of radioactive substances similar to existing regulations for medical use in humans are higly desirable.

QUANTITATIVE STUDIES OF IODINE METABOLISM IN SPORADIC, NON-TOXIC GOITRE

1974 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Agerbæk ◽  
S. E. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Iodine Uptake ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Euthyroid State ◽  
Iodine Metabolism ◽  
Dynamic Patterns ◽  
Perchlorate Discharge Test ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Discharge Test

ABSTRACT In 129 patients with non-toxic goitre and 27 normal controls, thyroid dynamic patterns were estimated in an attempt to elucidate pathogenesis. The clinically euthyroid state was confirmed by measurement of PBI, T3-sephadex uptake and BMR. Thyroid clearance (th. cl.), plasma iodide (PII), and absolute iodine uptake (AIU) were determined and a perchlorate discharge test performed. Twenty patients (16%) had a high AIU and were thus suspected of having dyshormonogenesis; nine were thoroughly investigated and in six dyshormonogenesis was found. Both normals and non-toxic goitre patients had a low PII, but in the goitrous patients values were lowest. The thyroid clearance of iodide was significantly higher in the goitre patients, suggesting iodine deficiency to be a major aetiologic factor for goitre formation. AIU was higher in the goitre patients than in normals, suggesting a larger iodine leakage from the thyroid in these patients.

SUBACUTE THYROIDITIS

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (III) ◽  
pp. 457-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.-A. Lamberg ◽  
G. Hintze ◽  
R. Jussila ◽  
M. Berlin
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Subacute Thyroiditis ◽  
Synthetic Analogues ◽  
The Third ◽  
Thyroid Uptake ◽  
Iodine Metabolism

ABSTRACT A series of cases of clinically diagnosed subacute thyroiditis comprising 11 patients is reported. Studies on the iodine metabolism, electrophoretic distribution of the serum proteins and the responsiveness to TSH were carried out. The patients were observed for periods up to 16 months from the onset of the disease. In the early phase there was an elevation of the serum PBI in a few cases and hyperthyroid signs in some, accompanied by depressed thyroid uptake of radioactive iodine and a fairly good response to TSH. Later, the thyroid grew hard and the iodine metabolism changed. In several cases there was a marked increase in the conversion ratio and the serum PB131I level. The responses to TSH was variable for different parameters of thyroid function, suggesting a state of »low thyroid reserve« as defined by Jefferies et al. (1956). Hypothyroidism developed in 3 cases; in two of them there was a response to exogenous TSH, in the third no response was seen at this stage of the disease. Cortisone and synthetic analogues seem to be of great benefit in the treatment of the acute symptoms of the disease.

scholarly journals Thyroid dysfunction is associated with the loss of hepatitis B surface antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B undergoing treatment with α-interferon

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 030006052110251
Author(s):  
Wenfan Luo ◽  
Shuai Wu ◽  
Hongjie Chen ◽  
Yin Wu ◽  
Jie Peng
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Interferon Treatment ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Hbsag Loss

Objective To investigate the influence of thyroid dysfunction on the antiviral efficacy of α-interferon in adult patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods We performed a retrospective study of 342 patients with CHB who underwent interferon treatment for >12 weeks. Patients with thyroid dysfunction before or during treatment were defined as the thyroid dysfunction group (n = 141) and those with normal thyroid function were defined as the normal thyroid function group (n = 201). The prevalences of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA undetectability, low hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) titre (<250 IU/mL), HBsAg loss, and hepatitis B envelope antigen loss were compared. Results During interferon treatment, 69 of 270 (25.6%) participants with normal thyroid function at baseline developed thyroid dysfunction, whereas 11 of 72 (15.3%) with thyroid dysfunction at baseline regained normal thyroid function. The thyroid dysfunction group had significantly higher prevalences of low HBsAg titre (29.8% vs. 18.9%) and HBV DNA undetectability (66.0% vs. 40.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that thyroid dysfunction was associated with HBsAg loss (odds ratio 4.945, 95% confidence interval 1.325–18.462). Conclusions These results suggest that thyroid dysfunction is not an absolute contraindication, but is associated with HBsAg loss, in patients with CHB undergoing α-interferon treatment.

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