Effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone on regional cerebral blood flow in man

1992 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S Oturai ◽  
Lars Friberg ◽  
Ian Sam ◽  
Hans Perrild
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Thalamic Region

To assess the regional changes in cerebral blood flow, 10 healthy volunteers were given 400 μg thyrotropin-releasing hormone iv in a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study. Regional cerebral blood flow was determined simultaneously in two slices of the brain, using a single photon emission computerized tomograph and inhalation of 133Xe. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone caused a significant mean increase of 3.7% (range −8.8–22.7) in blood flow in a region consistent with the left thalamus compared to placebo (3.2% decrease). In 25 other regions no significant change was detected. The thalamic region has previously been shown to be a region especially affected by thyrotropin-releasing hormone in animal studies. The thyrotropin-releasing hormone injection was followed by a minor rise in systemic blood pressure, but not a rise that could affect the cerebral blood flow. The effect of thyrotropin-releasing hormone on the regional cerebral blood flow in the thalamic region was much lower compared to changes found in sedated animals given a hundredfold higher dose of thyrotropin-releasing hormone.

scholarly journals Regional Cerebral Blood Flow during Rest and Skilled Hand Movements by Xenon-133 Inhalation and Emission Computerized Tomography

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lauritzen ◽  
Leif Henriksen ◽  
Niels A. Lassen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Hand Movements ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Symmetric Pattern ◽  
Xenon 133 ◽  
The Right

Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) was studied in 16 normal adult volunteers during rest and in 10 the study was repeated during skilled hand movements. A fast-rotating (“dynamic”), single-photon emission computerized tomograph (ECT) with four detector heads was used. Xenon-133 was inhaled over a 1-min period at a concentration of 10 mCi/L. The arrival and washout of the radioisotope was recorded during four 1-min periods. Two slices, 2 cm thick, 7 and 12 cm above the orbitomeatal line were obtained in every study. CBF averaged 60 ml/100 g/min (SD ± 11) in the lower slice and 51 ml/100 g/min (SD ± 13) in the upper slice. A symmetric pattern comparing right to left sides was found in both slices. Finger tapping and writing with the right hand increased CBF in specific areas of the upper slice: in the contralateral hand area by 35 ± 15% ( p < 0.025), and in the supplementary motor area on both sides by 34 ± 15% ( p < 0.025).

Effect of Central Cholinergic Stimulation on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Alzheimer's Disease

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 558-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Wilson ◽  
David Bowen ◽  
Paul Francis ◽  
Philippa Tyrrell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Cholinergic Stimulation ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Photon Emission Tomography

Patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) had reduced regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the posterior parietotemporal region compared with controls, as determined with technetium-99m hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime and single photon emission tomography. Central cholinergic stimulation with physostigmine produced a focal increase in rCBF in the posterior parietotemporal region in the patients with AD but not in controls.

scholarly journals Brain Correlates of Memory Processes in Patients with Dementia of Alzheimer's Type: A Spect Activation Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Cardebat ◽  
Jean-François Démonet ◽  
Michèle Puel ◽  
Alain Agniel ◽  
Gerard Viallard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Frontal Region ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Actual Performance

Task-induced changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during verbal episodic memory activation were compared in 17 right-handed patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and 20 healthy volunteers. Regional cerebral blood flow was assessed using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and an injection of 133Xe (xenon, isotope of mass 133) in 21 regions of interest (ROI) during rest, passive listening to 36 words, and memorizing of a 12-word list repeated three times. In healthy subjects, memory—listening comparison showed activation of a distributed system involving several left-sided ROI, especially the posterior inferior frontal region. In patients with DAT, the same pattern of activation was found for listening—rest comparison, and no significant changes were found in memory—listening comparison. During listening compared with rest, significant activation was observed in left-sided hypoperfused regions. A significant correlation between memory performance and rCBF recorded in patients with DAT during the memory task was found only in the right lateral frontal region, a region that was not hypoperfused significantly in patients. The involvement of this region might relate to either retrieval effort or actual performance of patients with DAT on the memory task.

scholarly journals Changes in regional cerebral blood flow due to cognitive activation among patients with schizophrenia

2000 ◽  
Vol 177 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Toone ◽  
C. I. Okocha ◽  
K. Sivakumar ◽  
G. M. Syed
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sort Test ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood

BackgroundThe regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) response to the Wisconsin Card Sort Test (WCST) has been used to assess the functional integrity of the prefrontal cortex in patients with schizophrenia.AimsIn this study, patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had made few or many perseverative errors on a modified version of the WCST. A control group consisted of normal volunteers. The groups were then compared with respect to rCBF response to WCST activation.MethodrCBF was measured during administration of a modified version of the WCST and during a card sorting control task, using single photon emission computerised tomography (SPECT).ResultsPerformance of the modified WCST was associated with a widespread and substantial increase in rCBF, particularly in the frontal region. The poorly performing group of patients with schizophrenia showed only a modest increase in rCBF in the left anterior cingulate region.ConclusionSubjects with schizophrenia are able to respond to specific neuropsychological challenge with activation of the frontal regions.

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