Development of Automatic Controller of Brain Temperature Based on the Conditions of Clinical Use

Tomohiko Utsuki; Hidetoshi Wakamatsu

doi:10.1541/ieejeiss.132.615

Development of Automatic Brain Temperature Controller Based on Conditions of Clinical Use

Electronics and Communications in Japan ◽

10.1002/ecj.11483 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 97 (4) ◽

pp. 19-29

Author(s):

Tomohiko Utsuki ◽

Hidetoshi Wakamatsu

Keyword(s):

Brain Temperature ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Temperature Controller

Download Full-text

Neuroprotection by the stable nitroxide 3-carbamoyl-proxyl during reperfusion in a rat model of transient focal ischemia

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.2003.98.2.0393 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 98 (2) ◽

pp. 393-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Guohan Hu ◽

Bruce G. Lyeth ◽

Xueren Zhao ◽

James B. Mitchell ◽

Joe C. Watson

Keyword(s):

Infarct Size ◽

Brain Ischemia ◽

Brain Temperature ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Focal Ischemia ◽

Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Content Type ◽

Fine Print

Object. Nitroxides mimic superoxide dismutase (SOD) biochemically and may prevent free radical oxidative injury in settings in which endogenous SOD is overwhelmed. The authors have previously shown the efficacy of a nitroxide, Tempol, in reducing stroke infarct size. Of the nitroxides, 3-carbamoyl-proxyl (3-CP) is especially promising for clinical use, because it does not cause hypotension in animals. Its efficacy in brain ischemia, however, is untested. The goal of this study was to ascertain whether 3-CP would reduce brain damage in a rat ischemia—reperfusion model. Methods. The authors performed a blinded, dose—response study of the effect of different amounts of 3-CP (1, 10, and 100 mg/kg) on infarct size at 24 hours after focal ischemia and reperfusion. The 3-CP was given intravenously during reperfusion, which followed 1 hour of reversible ischemia induced by a thread placed intraluminally in the middle cerebral artery of rats. Brain infarcts, measured with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining in six 3-CP groups, were compared with those measured in controls (animals given an equal volume of saline). Edema-corrected infarct sizes (mean ± standard deviation) were as follows: 146 ± 64 mm3 in controls; 107 ± 18 mm3 in rats given 1 mg/kg 3-CP; 40 ± 20 mm3 in those given 10 mg/kg 3-CP; and 44 ± 17 mm3 in those given 100 mg/kg 3-CP. A statistically significant reduction in infarct size was achieved in the 10- and 100-mg/kg 3-CP—treated groups (p < 0.01). A reduction in infarct size was also seen in the 1 mg/kg 3-CP—treated group, but this did not reach statistical significance. The authors observed no effects of 3-CP on blood pressure or brain temperature. Conclusions. Given at reperfusion, 3-CP significantly decreases brain infarct size at doses of 10 and 100 mg/kg without causing hypotension. The authors found that 3-CP is well suited for further laboratory and clinical use in brain ischemia and reperfusion.

Download Full-text

Assessing Functional Language in School-Aged Children Using Language Sample Analysis

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2020_persp-19-00079 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 622-636

Author(s):

John Heilmann ◽

Alexander Tucci ◽

Elena Plante ◽

Jon F. Miller

Keyword(s):

Computer Hardware ◽

School Age Children ◽

Functional Language ◽

School Age ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Sample Analysis ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Language Sample Analysis ◽

Accuracy And Repeatability ◽

Language Sample

Purpose The goal of this clinical focus article is to illustrate how speech-language pathologists can document the functional language of school-age children using language sample analysis (LSA). Advances in computer hardware and software are detailed making LSA more accessible for clinical use. Method This clinical focus article illustrates how documenting school-age student's communicative functioning is central to comprehensive assessment and how using LSA can meet multiple needs within this assessment. LSA can document students' meaningful participation in their daily life through assessment of their language used during everyday tasks. The many advances in computerized LSA are detailed with a primary focus on the Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (Miller & Iglesias, 2019). The LSA process is reviewed detailing the steps necessary for computers to calculate word, morpheme, utterance, and discourse features of functional language. Conclusion These advances in computer technology and software development have made LSA clinically feasible through standardized elicitation and transcription methods that improve accuracy and repeatability. In addition to improved accuracy, validity, and reliability of LSA, databases of typical speakers to document status and automated report writing more than justify the time required. Software now provides many innovations that make LSA simpler and more accessible for clinical use. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12456719

Download Full-text

Translation Research for the Rehabilitation of Left Spatial Neglect and Associated Disorders of Attention in Stroke Patients

Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders ◽

10.1044/nnsld18.2.55 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 55-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nkiruka Arene ◽

Argye E. Hillis

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Basis ◽

Attention Bias ◽

Spatial Neglect ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Translation Research ◽

Unilateral Neglect ◽

Assessment And Treatment ◽

Sound Theoretical Basis ◽

Review Current

Abstract The syndrome of unilateral neglect, typified by a lateralized attention bias and neglect of contralateral space, is an important cause of morbidity and disability after a stroke. In this review, we discuss the challenges that face researchers attempting to elucidate the mechanisms and effectiveness of rehabilitation treatments. The neglect syndrome is a heterogeneous disorder, and it is not clear which of its symptoms cause ongoing disability. We review current methods of neglect assessment and propose logical approaches to selecting treatments, while acknowledging that further study is still needed before some of these approaches can be translated into routine clinical use. We conclude with systems-level suggestions for hypothesis development that would hopefully form a sound theoretical basis for future approaches to the assessment and treatment of neglect.

Download Full-text