Relationship Between Sex Ratio and Breeding Strategy by Evolutionary Model of Aomon Damselfly Considering Sexual Conflict

2022 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Keiichiro Takashiba ◽  
Atsuko Mutoh ◽  
Nobuhiro Inuzuka ◽  
Koichi Moriyama
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Breeding Strategy

scholarly journals Investigating the interaction between inter-locus and intra-locus sexual conflict using hemiclonal analysis in Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manas Geeta Arun ◽  
Tejinder Singh Chechi ◽  
Rakesh Meena ◽  
Shradha Dattaraya Bhosle ◽  
Srishti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Operational Sex Ratio ◽  
Female Fitness ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Males And Females

Divergence in the evolutionary interests of males and females leads to sexual conflict. Traditionally, sexual conflict has been classified into two types: inter-locus sexual conflict (IeSC) and intra-locus sexual conflict (IaSC). IeSC is modeled as a conflict over outcomes of intersexual reproductive interactions mediated by loci that are sex-limited in their effects. IaSC is thought to be a product of selection acting in opposite directions in males and females on traits with a common underlying genetic basis. While in their canonical formalisms IaSC and IeSC are mutually exclusive, there is growing support for the idea that the two may interact. Empirical evidence for such interactions, however, is limited. Here, we investigated the interaction between IeSC and IaSC in Drosophila melanogaster. Using hemiclonal analysis, we sampled 39 hemigenomes from a laboratory-adapted population of D. melanogaster. We measured the contribution of each hemigenome to adult male and female fitness at three different intensities of IeSC, obtained by varying the operational sex-ratio. Subsequently, we estimated the intensity of IaSC at each sex-ratio by calculating the intersexual genetic correlation for fitness and the proportion of sexually antagonistic fitness-variation. Our results indicate a statistically non-significant trend suggesting that increasing the strength of IeSC ameliorates IaSC in the population.

SEX RATIO DRIVE PROMOTES SEXUAL CONFLICT AND SEXUAL COEVOLUTION IN THE FLYDROSOPHILA PSEUDOOBSCURA

Evolution ◽  
2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom A. R. Price ◽  
Zenobia Lewis ◽  
Damian T. Smith ◽  
Gregory D. D. Hurst ◽  
Nina Wedell
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sexual Conflict

Intralocus sexual conflict and offspring sex ratio

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Katsuki ◽  
Tomohiro Harano ◽  
Takahisa Miyatake ◽  
Kensuke Okada ◽  
David J. Hosken
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Offspring Sex Ratio ◽  
Intralocus Sexual Conflict ◽  
Offspring Sex

Sexual Conflict and the Operational Sex Ratio

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Kruger ◽  
Carey J. Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Operational Sex Ratio

scholarly journals Adaptations to sexual selection and sexual conflict: insights from experimental evolution and artificial selection

2010 ◽  
Vol 365 (1552) ◽  
pp. 2541-2548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic A. Edward ◽  
Claudia Fricke ◽  
Tracey Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Artificial Selection ◽  
Experimental Evolution ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Evolutionary Change ◽  
Operational Sex Ratio ◽  
Adult Sex Ratio

Artificial selection and experimental evolution document natural selection under controlled conditions. Collectively, these techniques are continuing to provide fresh and important insights into the genetic basis of evolutionary change, and are now being employed to investigate mating behaviour. Here, we focus on how selection techniques can reveal the genetic basis of post-mating adaptations to sexual selection and sexual conflict. Alteration of the operational sex ratio of adult Drosophila over just a few tens of generations can lead to altered ejaculate allocation patterns and the evolution of resistance in females to the costly effects of elevated mating rates. We provide new data to show how male responses to the presence of rivals can evolve. For several traits, the way in which males responded to rivals was opposite in lines selected for male-biased, as opposed to female-biased, adult sex ratio. This shows that the manipulation of the relative intensity of intra- and inter-sexual selection can lead to replicable and repeatable effects on mating systems, and reveals the potential for significant contemporary evolutionary change. Such studies, with important safeguards, have potential utility for understanding sexual selection and sexual conflict across many taxa. We discuss how artificial selection studies combined with genomics will continue to deepen our knowledge of the evolutionary principles first laid down by Darwin 150 years ago.

scholarly journals Operational sex ratio, sexual conflict and the intensity of sexual selection

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick S. Fitze ◽  
Jean-François Le Galliard
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Operational Sex Ratio

scholarly journals Sexual conflict, sex allocation and the genetic system

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Shuker ◽  
Anna M. Moynihan ◽  
Laura Ross
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Evolutionary Conflict ◽  
Genetic Systems ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Evolutionary Consequences

Decisions over what sex ratio to produce can have far-reaching evolutionary consequences, for both offspring and parents. However, the extent to which males and females come into evolutionary conflict over aspects of sex allocation depends on the genetic system: when genes are passed to the next generation unequally by the two sexes (as in haplodiploidy, for example), this biased transmission can facilitate a range of conflicts not seen in diploids. However, much less attention has been paid to these forms of sexual conflict, not least because it has not always been clear how the conflicts could be realized. Here we consider how biased gene transmission, as expressed in different genetic systems, enhances the opportunity for sex ratio conflict and give empirical examples that confirm that males and females have the opportunity to influence sex ratios.

Cryptic Sex-Ratio Bias Provides Indirect Genetic Benefits Despite Sexual Conflict

Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 328 (5974) ◽  
pp. 92-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Cox ◽  
R. Calsbeek
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Ratio Bias ◽  
Sex Ratio Bias ◽  
Genetic Benefits ◽  
Cryptic Sex

scholarly journals Reproductive Isolation through Experimental Manipulation of Sexually Antagonistic Coevolution in Drosophila melanogaster

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Zeeshan Ali ◽  
Martik Chatterjee ◽  
Manas Arun Samant ◽  
Nagaraj Guru Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Allopatric Populations ◽  
Antagonistic Coevolution ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Postmating Prezygotic Isolation ◽  
Sexually Antagonistic Coevolution

AbstractPromiscuity can drive the evolution of sexual conflict before and after mating occurs. Post-mating, the male ejaculate can selfishly manipulate female physiology leading to a chemical arms race between the sexes. Theory suggests that drift and sexually antagonistic coevolution can cause allopatric populations to evolve different chemical interactions between the sexes, thereby leading to postmating reproductive barriers and speciation. There is, however, little empirical evidence supporting this form of speciation. We tested this theory by creating an experimental evolutionary model of Drosophila melanogaster populations undergoing different levels of interlocus sexual conflict. We found that allopatric populations under elevated sexual conflict show assortative mating indicating premating reproductive isolation. Further, these allopatric populations also show reduced copulation duration and sperm defense ability when mating happens between individuals between individuals across populations compared to that within the same population, indicating postmating prezygotic isolation. Sexual conflict can cause reproductive isolation in allopatric populations through the coevolution of chemical (postmating prezygotic) as well as behavioural (premating) interaction between the sexes. Thus, to our knowledge, we provide the first comprehensive evidence of postmating (as well as premating) reproductive isolation due to sexual conflict.

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