Is There an Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Infants and Children?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-432
Author(s):  
ARTHUR J. AMMANN
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
T Cell Immunodeficiency ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
In Infants And Children ◽  
Intensive Surveillance

An acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has recently been described in young homosexual males.1,2 As defined by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), AIDS is a disorder characterized by T-cell immunodeficiency, recurrent and chronic infection with a variety of opportunistic infections and/or Kaposi's sarcoma. Following initial reports in 1981, an intensive surveillance program was instituted. In 1983, more than 1,000 cases were recorded. However, in addition to AIDS as defined by the CDC, it is clear that there are several related syndromes which include individuals with chronic lymphadenopathy, fever, and weight loss (lymphadenopathy syndrome); other malignancies; and healthy homosexuals with laboratory evidence of immunologic dysregulation.3,4

scholarly journals Decreased 5' nucleotidase activity in lymphocytes from asymptomatic sexually active homosexual men and patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Blood ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1016-1021
Author(s):  
JL Murray ◽  
JM Reuben ◽  
CG Munn ◽  
PW Mansell ◽  
GR Newell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Homosexual Men ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

5′ Nucleotidase (5′NT) is an ectoenzyme associated with the plasma membrane of most mammalian cells. Low 5′NT activity has been observed in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with immunodeficiency states. 5′NT activity was measured in null and T-enriched lymphocytes from asymptomatic homosexual men and from 20 men with various degrees of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Asymptomatic homosexuals were self-referred because of their concern about AIDS and were not necessarily representative of homosexuals in the general population. Enzyme activity was significantly decreased in both null (7.0 +/- 2.4 nmol/10(6) cells/h) and T-enriched (12.0 +/- 6.0 nmol/10(6) cells/h) lymphocytes in homosexuals as compared to lymphocytes from aged-matched heterosexual male and female controls (null = 10.8 +/- 6.5 and T = 22.3 +/- 10.6, P less than .0001 and .008, respectively). Decreased activity was present regardless of whether the patients were asymptomatic, had prodromal symptoms such as fever, lymph node enlargement, weight loss and diarrhea, or had opportunistic infections or Kaposi's sarcoma. Homosexuals had a significantly higher fraction of lymphocytes expressing the activation antigens T10 (20% +/- 3.3%) and Ia (13% +/- 2.9%) than controls (11% +/- 1.8% and 5% +/- 0.8%, respectively, P less than .05). They also had a significantly lower fraction of OKT4-positive helper lymphocytes than controls (22% +/- 3.4% v 35% +/- 2.2%, P less than .05). 5′NT activity in lymphocytes enriched for null cells from homosexuals correlated inversely with the percentage of Ia-positive lymphocytes (r = -.655; P less than .02). There was no correlation between 5′NT activity and the percentage of T4- or T8-positive lymphocytes or the T4/T8 ratio. Moreover, 5′NT activity was significantly decreased in both OKT4 (P less than .025) and OKT8 (P less than .05) enriched lymphocytes in homosexuals compared to controls. The data suggest that decreases in 5′NT may be a generalized defect of the peripheral blood T lymphocytes from active homosexuals that is independent of increases or decreases in specific T subpopulations or clinical status. It may contribute to the pathogenesis of AIDS.

scholarly journals Risk of Cataract among Subjects with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Free of Ocular Opportunistic Infections

Ophthalmology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 121 (12) ◽  
pp. 2317-2324 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Kempen ◽  
Elizabeth A. Sugar ◽  
Rohit Varma ◽  
James P. Dunn ◽  
Murk-Hein Heinemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

Pathology of Opportunistic Infections in Children with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Joshi ◽  
J. M. Oleske ◽  
S. Saad ◽  
E. M. Connor ◽  
R. H. Rapkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

Neuropsychiatric Aspects of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Loewenstein ◽  
Steven S. Sharfstein
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
Highly Virulent

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is a newly described, highly virulent, idiopathic syndrome characterized by lymphocyte dysfunction, multiple opportunistic infections and lymphoma, which primarily affects previously healthy, promiscuous homosexual males. Dementia and delirium due to infection and/or disseminated lymphoma may frequently occur in these patients, especially as the illness progresses. Consulting and liaison psychiatrists must be particularly alert to the possibility of organicity in these patients, in addition to the psychological distress caused by the AIDS syndrome itself.

scholarly journals HIV Infection and the Esophagus

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Linda Rabeneck
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Human Immune Deficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immune ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
Esophageal Ulcers

The esophagus can be involved in human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection. Esophageal ulcers can occur as part of an acute (primary) HIV infection syndrome. ln addition. the esophagus can be involved with the neoplasms associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) – both Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Opportunistic infections may also involve the esophagus, most commonly candida and cytomegalovirus infection. It is important for gastroenterologists to be aware of the clinical features of these lesions and to be ready to carry out endoscopy to diagnose these lesions correctly.

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