scholarly journals TRENDS IN THE FORMATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL FOUNDATIONS FOR THE FUNCTIONING OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE IN RECENT HISTORY (1991–2021)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
S. M. Melnyk

Author(s):  
Roberto Muñoz Bolaños

The coup of 23-F signified the end of military problem in Spain and marked a turning point in the Spanish recent history, to make irreversible the process of transition to democracy launched after the death of General Franco on 20 November 1975. Nevertheless, despite its importance, it has barely studied by historians, its research having left to journalists and military writers. These, although they have released dozens of books on the subject, have failed both to frame this event in its historical context and to deepen the fundamental sources for information, and analyse them scientifically. The result is that thirty-four years elapsed since the occurrence, there is an absence of a relatively deep knowledge of it, making thus impossible to understand the process of transition and the current Spain.Key WordsCoup d’état of 23-F, Armed forces, coup d’état mentality, Transition.ResumenEl golpe de Estado del 23-F significó el fin del problema militar en España y marcó un punto de inflexión en nuestra historia reciente, al hacer irreversible el proceso de transición a la democracia iniciado tras la muerte del general Franco el 20 de noviembre de 1975. Sin embargo, a pesar de su importancia, apenas ha sido estudiado por los historiadores, habiendo quedado su investigación en manos de periodistas y de militares. Estos, si bien han puesto en circulación decenas de obras sobre el tema, han sido incapaces tanto encuadrar el acontecimiento en su contexto histórico como de profundizar en las fuentes fundamentales para su conocimiento, y en analizarlas científicamente. El resultado es que transcurridos treinta y cuatro años desde que el acontecimiento tuviera lugar, se carece de un conocimiento relativamente profundo del mismo, lo que imposibilita la comprensión del proceso de Transición y de la España actual.Palabras claveGolpe de Estado del 23-F, Fuerzas Armadas, golpismo, Transición 



Author(s):  
Javier de la Fuente Fernández

La incorporación de la mujer en las Fuerzas Armadas españolas ha sido uno de los acontecimientos más relevantes que se han dado en la historia del país. Esto ha originado un desarrollo normativo al objeto de regular la situación del personal femenino en estas unidades ya que, hasta hace treinta años, esta profesión era realizada únicamente por hombres. La sucesión de leyes ha facilitado la incorporación de un gran número de mujeres. Todo se ha desarrollado al objeto de alcanzar una igualdad efectiva. Esto ha permitido que, España se sitúe como un país referente en la OTAN en este contexto.The integration of women in the Spanish Armed Forces has been one of the most important events that have taken place in our recent history. This has led to the legal development of the professional status of women in these units, run only by men until thirty years ago. The succession of laws has facilitated the incorporation of a large number of women. Everything has been developed in order to achieve effective equality. This has allowed Spain to be a reference country in NATO.



2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lynk

UN Security Council Resolution 242 endorsed the ““inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by war”” and called for ““withdrawal of Israeli armed forces from territories occupied”” in the June 1967 war. Since then, a debate has raged over whether these provisions call for a complete Israeli withdrawal, a minor revision of borders, or license for Israel to retain sovereignty over some of the conquered lands. This article argues that the resolution must be read through the lens of international law. A principled legal interpretation clarifies 242's ambiguities on withdrawal and re-establishes the importance of universal rights to a just and durable peace in the Middle East.



Author(s):  
Francesca Capone

Recruiting children under the age of 15 years and using them to actively participate in hostilities is forbidden under international law and amounts to an international crime. Nonetheless, parties continue to enlist and conscript children, putting their lives in danger by exploiting them, very often not only for military purposes. After outlining the legal foundations of the prohibition on recruiting and using children, this chapter aims at providing an overview of the tools and strategies, including the UN architecture on children and armed conflict, designed and implemented to thwart the phenomenon of child soldiering. The chapter offers some critical reflections on the necessity to implement effective child-friendly post-conflict and peace-building efforts, in particular disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration processes. In fact, those efforts are still predominantly concerned with adult male fighters and, in most instances, they are unable to adequately address the specific needs of children formerly associated with armed forces or armed non-state actors, including groups labeled as terrorist.



JAMA ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 194 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-308


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rain Liivoja ◽  
Eyal Benvenisti


2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Laurence
Keyword(s):  


1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Nelson ◽  
Keyword(s):  


1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. McMahan ◽  
J. W. Combs


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document