Mineral Composition of Red Clover under <i>Rhizobium</i> Inoculation and Lime Application in Acid Soil

In the present study the effects of Rhizobium inoculation and lime application on the mineral composition (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B) of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), in very acid soil were evaluated. Inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii significantly increased shoot dry weight (SDW) of red clover plants (three times greater), as well as N, Mg, Fe, Mn and Cu contents in plants compared to the control. Application of lime and Rhizobium together, depending on the lime rate (3, 6 or 9 t ha-1 of lime) and the cut, increased SDW significantly, but decreased the contents of N, P, K, Mg, Mn, Zn and B in plants. Regardless of the changes, in all treatments in both cuts, contents of N, K, Ca, Mg, Mn and Zn in plants were among sufficiency levels (Mg content was elevated in the second cut), while Fe content was mainly high, as well as Cu (in the second cut). Contents of P and B in plants were somewhat lower than sufficiency levels, but above critical level. Therefore, red clover can be grown with satisfactory yield and mineral composition in acid soil with Rhizobium inoculation only, but the application of P and B fertilization is desirable.

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The Response of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) to Separate and Mixed Inoculations with Rhizobium leguminosarum and Azospirillum brasilense in Presence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17165751 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (16) ◽

pp. 5751

Author(s):

Karolina Furtak ◽

Karolina Gawryjołek ◽

Anna Gałązka ◽

Jarosław Grządziel

Keyword(s):

Azospirillum Brasilense ◽

Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Red Clover ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Trifolium Pratense L ◽

The Impact ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Root And Shoot Biomass

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of co-inoculation Rhizobium sp. and Azospirillum sp. on plant (Trifolium pratense L.) growth in the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination (anthracene, phenanthrene, and pyrene). Eight strains from the genus Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii were selected for biotest analysis. Two methods of inoculation were used in the chamber experiment: (1) R. leguminosarum alone and (2) a combined inoculant (R. leguminosarum and Azospirillum brasilense). For comparison, non-contaminated controls were also used. The results demonstrated that co-inoculation of plants with Rhizobium and Azospirillum resulted in more root and shoot biomass than in plants inoculated with R. leguminosarum alone. The results indicated that application of a co-inoculation of bacteria from Rhizobium and Azospirillum species had a positive effect on clover nodulation and growth under the condition of PAH contamination.

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Boron application in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) seed production

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research ◽

10.1515/ijafr-2015-0006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 59-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dalibor Tomić ◽

Vladeta Stevović ◽

Dragan Đurović ◽

Milomirka Madić ◽

Nikola Bokan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Acid Soil ◽

Red Clover ◽

Relative Increase ◽

Second Growth ◽

Trifolium Pratense L ◽

Second Year ◽

Positive Effect

AbstractA field trial with four red clover cultivars was established on acid soil in order to evaluate the effect of foliar boron application on seed yield. The crop received foliar boron treatment during the second growth of the second year at two applications. Although seed yield showed a significant increase in boron-treated plants in 2011 compared with control (26.0%), its relative increase was far higher in 2010 (43.2%), which had increased total rainfall amounts during flowering. Sufficient level of boron supply to red clover plants for seed production has a remarkably positive effect under conditions hampering pollination and fertilisation.

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Phytotoxicity of 2,4-D and 2,4-Dichlorophenol to Red Clover (Trifolium pratense)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s004317450007291x ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 825-829 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

S. G. Taylor ◽

D. G. Shilling ◽

K. H. Quesenberry ◽

G. R. Chaudhry

Keyword(s):

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Callus Tissue ◽

Red Clover ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Whole Plant ◽

The Difference ◽

Plant Level

Whole plant and tissue culture experiments were conducted to determine the difference in phytotoxicity of 2,4-D and its metabolite, 2,4-DCP, to red clover. At the whole plant level, the mean concentration of 2,4-DCP (10 mM) required to cause 50% growth inhibition (I50) of shoot dry weight was 24 times greater than for 2,4-D (0.42 mM). Using callus tissue, the I50value for 2,4-DCP (0.28 mM) was 22 times greater than for 2,4-D (0.013 mM) based on dry weights. The callus tissue was 36 and 32 times more sensitive to 2,4-DCP and 2,4-D than shoot tissue based on dry weights, respectively. These data indicate that 2,4-DCP was less phytotoxic than 2,4-D to red clover both in vitro and in vivo.

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Morphological features of young red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) plants depending on habitat cultivation (agrotechnic) factors

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.1995.010 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 5-16

Author(s):

Tadeusz Zając ◽

Józef Bieniek ◽

Robert Witkowicz ◽

Wojciech Jagusik

Keyword(s):

Cover Crop ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Red Clover ◽

Dry Weight ◽

High Variability ◽

Pure Stand ◽

Single Plant ◽

Trifolium Pratense L ◽

Very High

In experiments located in Prusy (Kraków voivodship) at Wierzbica (Katowice voivodship) at the end of vegetative growth in the fall 6 empiricaly determined features characterizing young red clever plants grown in pure stand and undersown in spring barley were analysed. These were following features refering to a single plant: fresh and dry weight, the length of tops and roots, diameter of the root crown and number of shoots. Based on these features 4 indirect indicators were constructed. In 1993-1994 total of 420 plants were analysed. For direct and indirect indicators means and standard deviations were callculated taking into account the influence of given year, location and method of sowing. Least squares and phenotypic correlations between investigated features were also evaluated. In 1994 average values for analysed plant features of red clever were higher than in 1993. The effect of location (of the experiment) was not visible. Better plants were formed when red clever was undersown in spring barley than when grown in pure stand (without the cover crop). Alls features measured directly showed very high variability between these features were observed. Correlation between the fresh and dry weight need to be emphasized. Also interactions between years and method of sowing, and between location and method of sowing turned out to be significant.

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Content and deposition rates of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin during regrowth of forage grasses and legumes

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps92-097 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 72 (3) ◽

pp. 809-818 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

J. E. Bidlack ◽

D. R. Buxton

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Panicum Virgatum ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Red Clover ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Limited Information ◽

Switch Grass ◽

Panicum Virgatum L ◽

Trifolium Pratense L ◽

Dactylis Glomerata L

Cell-wall (CW) components greatly influence digestibility of forages as they mature. There is only limited information on the timing of rates of deposition of CW components. This investigation examined differences in CW and CW component deposition in greenhouse-grown alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), birds-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). Plant material was sampled from the basal 10 cm of forage after harvesting at 3–5 cm above the soil level. Samples analyzed included sheaths from orchardgrass, sheaths and stems from bromegrass and switch-grass, and stems from all legumes. After establishment and herbage removal, samples were collected biweekly between 2 and 10 wk of regrowth. Results indicated that, except for orchardgrass, maximum rates of CW and CW component deposition usually occurred earlier in legumes compared with those of grasses. Maximum CW deposition for all species occurred within 1–3 d of maximum dry weight deposition. Among CW components in grasses and legumes, maximum deposition of hemicellulose occurred first, followed by that of cellulose (1–6 d later), and then lignin (up to 14 d after maximum hemicellulose deposition). Maximum cellulose deposition in all species occurred at the same time as maximum CW deposition.Key words: Cell wall, deposition, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, forage

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