scholarly journals Some biological characteristics of the Far Eastern sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) from the Severnaya Bay of the Slavyanka Gulf (Japan Sea)

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
I. V. Matrosova ◽  
A. A. Politayeva
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Apostichopus Japonicus ◽  
Gonad Index ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Far Eastern

Some of biological traits of the Far Eastern sea cucumber from the Severnaya Bay were examined in 2016 and 2017. Body length of sea cucumber individuals varied from 3.6 to 23.4 cm. Dermo-muscular bag weight was higher in 2017 (137.5 g). Individual ages were 1–4 years in 2016 and 1–5 years in 2017. Sex ratio was near 1:1 in 2016 and 2017. During the period of the research gonad index was maximal in June – 10.6%. Spawning began in the 2nd decade of June and finished in the 2nd decade of July.

scholarly journals Assessment of potential production for sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in a bicultural marine farm in Peter the Great Bay (Japan Sea)

2018 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Apostichopus Japonicus ◽  
Peter The Great Bay ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Great Bay ◽  
Commercial Size ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

Marine farms in Peter the Great Bay are oriented predominantly to cultivation of bivalve mollusks that causes excessive accumulation of biodeposits in the areas of plantations. To reduce this negative impact on the ecosystem, development of bicultural farms with cultivation of flterfeeders and detritivores is recommended. In the area of mussel (Mytilus trossulus) plantations in the Sukhodol Bay, the sedimentation rate reaches 34.1 g.m–2.day–1, with mean portion of organic carbon in the biodeposits as 20.2 %. Annual biodeposition from 1 hectare of mussel plantations is about 124 t that corresponds to annual consumption of detritus by 1 million of 1-year-old sea cucumberApostichopus japonicus. By the end of the 4-year cycle of cultivation, the sea cucumbers of commercial size consume this amount of biodeposits within a month (60 g of organic carbon per year each). Production of a sea cucumber plantation with 5 million juveniles of sea cucumber settling every year can exceed 700 t in 10 years of operation, if it is mounted within the bicultural marine farm with bivalve cages as additional source of suspended organic matter.

scholarly journals Population structure and reproductive cycle of the commercial sea cucumber Holothuria mexicana in Belize

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlenie Rogers ◽  
Jean-François Hamel ◽  
Annie Mercier
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Gonad Index ◽  
Size At Sexual Maturity ◽  
Spawning Periods

The population and reproductive biology of the commercial sea cucumber Holothuria mexicana (Ludwig, 1875) was studied in Southern Belize (Caribbean Sea), including the sex ratio, size at sexual maturity and reproductive cycle, as well as the size structure among habitats located inside and outside protected areas. Individuals found inside marine protected areas were consistently larger than individuals found outside these boundaries. The male:female sex ratio was 1.1:1.0 with a unimodal size distribution composed mainly of sexually mature individuals (87 %). Size at sexual maturity was established to be ~10 cm based on measures of gamogenetically mature individuals during the peak of the gametogenic maturity period. Juveniles and small adults measuring ≤ 15 cm (13 %), were collected exclusively in sandy and muddy areas of seagrass habitats associated with mangroves. Larger adults were commonly found on hard substrates in both seagrass-associated and coral-reef-associated habitats. Based on histology and gonad indices, the first sign of early gametogenesis was detected in August in both sexes. Gametes developed and matured throughout the colder months between November and February. Decreases in gonad index in both years suggest annual spawning, starting in March-April 2014 (single major event) and March-April and July-August 2015 (two smaller events) for both males and females. The spawning periods were correlated with warmer or increasing temperatures, low rainfall and increasing or high chlorophyll-a concentrations. These data will hopefully guide management and protection of the natural populations of H. mexicana, which are already suffering from overfishing in Belize and neighboring countries. 

Seasonal characteristic of gonadogenesis for the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka

2016 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
Inga V. Matrosova ◽  
Vladimir V. Evdokimov
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Apostichopus Japonicus ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
The Japan Sea ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Sexual Glands ◽  
Seasonal Characteristic ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Timing Of Spawning

Gonads of females and males of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus were collected along Primorye coast of the Japan Sea (bays Kiyevka, Sokolovskaya, Melkovodnaya, Sredniaya, and the area between Cape Genbachev and Cape DeLivron) in different seasons from May to October, 2011. The gonads were fixed in 70 % alcohol and Buena fixing agent, using Isoprep and Histomix, and subjected to histophyisiological analysis. Sex of the animals and condition of their gonads were defined visually and on histological preparations. Their whole bodies, skin and muscular bags, and sexual glands were weighted, gonad-somatic indices were calculated, dynamics of cellular composition was traced for the sex glands, timing of spawning and duration of the rest stage were determined. For the cucumbers from the Kiyevka and Melkovodnaya Bays, diameter of sex tubules varied from 0.2 mm to 1.9 mm, diameter of freely lying oocytes - from 71.4 mm to 167.0 mm, and diameter of wall oocytes - from 47.6 mm to 119.0 mm; they were ready for spawning in late July - early August, and spawned in the first 10-days of August. Plication of the tubule walls internal surface was observed later in the process of mature cells resorption in sex tubules; new generation of the cells appeared, which most likely would undergo to further destruction (small tubules with plication of their walls were observed for a specimen from the Kiyevka Bay in late September, 2011). New gametogenesis was registered both for females (small oocytes) and males (spermatocytes of I and II orders) from the Sredniaya Bay and between Cape Genbachev and Cape DeLivron in early October, simultaneously with continuing process of the tubule walls plication. The rest stage (without forming of new sex tubules) continued 1.0-1.5 months: from early August to middle September, with some variations between the areas.

scholarly journals Formulae to estimate standard body length for regional forms of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in Japan

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUSUKE YAMANA ◽  
SEIJI GOSHIMA ◽  
TATSUO HAMANO ◽  
TAKASHI YUSA ◽  
YOSHIMICHI FURUKAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Apostichopus Japonicus

scholarly journals Settling of mollusks and sedimentation on artificial substrata in the Sukhodol Bay (​​Japan Sea)

2014 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-209
Author(s):  
Galina S. Gavrilova ◽  
Valeria E. Terekhova
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Apostichopus Japonicus ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Mytilus Trossulus ◽  
Mizuhopecten Yessoensis ◽  
High Sedimentation ◽  
Commercial Size ◽  
Modal Group

Density of bivalve spat settled on collectors determines the yield of aquaculture plantation. It varies considerably in different water areas at Primorye coast and has year-to-year variability. The spat settling intensity in the last decade is considered for a marine farm in the Sukhodol Bay (Ussuri Bay) and sedimentation of suspended matter on collectors is estimated for the same plantation in the summer of 2012. Period of the scallop spat settling is rather long and continues until late June. Mean spat size is 9.2 ± 2.2 mm (modal group 8-10 mm), mean weight is 0.08 g. The average density of juvenile scallops Mizuhopecten yessoensis changes year-to-year from 77 to 200 ind./collector, and the density of juvenile mussels Mytilus trossulus - from 500 to 2,330 ind. per meter of the collectors set. These values provide the annual harvesting of > 2 million ind. of the scallop spat and 10-30 ton of commercial-size mussels from 1 hectare of plantation. Juveniles of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus settle on collectors as well, in less number, but sufficient for their growing on bottom plantations in some years. Suspended matter sedimentation on collectors, including agrestal marine organisms, is rather high in the first months after the collectors installation - up to 0.31 ton/month per 1 hectare of standard plantation. Reclamation measures are recommended in the cases of high sedimentation, possibly installation of bicultural plantations in the water column.

Studies on an endoparasitic ciliate Boveria labialis (Protozoa: Ciliophora) from the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongan Long ◽  
Weibo Song ◽  
Jiaxin Chen ◽  
Jun Gong ◽  
Daode Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Apostichopus Japonicus ◽  
Silver Impregnation ◽  
Contractile Vacuole ◽  
Protozoa Ciliophora ◽  
Respiratory Trees

The morphology and infraciliature of an endoparasitic ciliate, Boveria labialis, isolated from respiratory trees of the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, were investigated using living observation and silver impregnation methods. Based on the present and previous studies, an improved diagnosis is supplied: marine Boveria, size in vivo about 30–100×15–30 μm, body slender and flask-shaped, with a protruding lobe measuring 5–15 μm in length; one ovoid macronucleus and one micronucleus; single contractile vacuole positioned in posterior 1¼ of body length; 17–26 somatic kineties; paroral membrane and membranelle 2 forming a double anticlockwise spiral of nearly two turns.

The experience of using Arthrospira platensis as a feed additive in the cultivation of juveniles of the Far Eastern sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus)

Fisheries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Politaeva
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Apostichopus Japonicus ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Food Ration ◽  
Experimental Container ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Live Culture

The experience of using the culture of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis as an additive to feed when growing juveniles of the Far Eastern sea cucumber in aquarium conditions is described. The experimental food ration included live culture of spirulina, macroalgae, protein and stimulant supplements. There were no significant differences in the survival rates of individuals (experiment – 69.5%, control – 65.7%). The greatest increase in the mass of individuals was observed in the experimental container - by an average of 0.047 g. In the control group - an average of 0.009 g.

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