Settling of mollusks and sedimentation on artificial substrata in the Sukhodol Bay (​​Japan Sea)

Density of bivalve spat settled on collectors determines the yield of aquaculture plantation. It varies considerably in different water areas at Primorye coast and has year-to-year variability. The spat settling intensity in the last decade is considered for a marine farm in the Sukhodol Bay (Ussuri Bay) and sedimentation of suspended matter on collectors is estimated for the same plantation in the summer of 2012. Period of the scallop spat settling is rather long and continues until late June. Mean spat size is 9.2 ± 2.2 mm (modal group 8-10 mm), mean weight is 0.08 g. The average density of juvenile scallops Mizuhopecten yessoensis changes year-to-year from 77 to 200 ind./collector, and the density of juvenile mussels Mytilus trossulus - from 500 to 2,330 ind. per meter of the collectors set. These values provide the annual harvesting of > 2 million ind. of the scallop spat and 10-30 ton of commercial-size mussels from 1 hectare of plantation. Juveniles of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus settle on collectors as well, in less number, but sufficient for their growing on bottom plantations in some years. Suspended matter sedimentation on collectors, including agrestal marine organisms, is rather high in the first months after the collectors installation - up to 0.31 ton/month per 1 hectare of standard plantation. Reclamation measures are recommended in the cases of high sedimentation, possibly installation of bicultural plantations in the water column.

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Assessment of potential production for sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in a bicultural marine farm in Peter the Great Bay (Japan Sea)

Izvestiya TINRO ◽

10.26428/1606-9919-2018-195-209-218 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 195 ◽

pp. 209-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. S. Gavrilova

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Apostichopus Japonicus ◽

Peter The Great Bay ◽

Japan Sea ◽

Peter The Great ◽

Great Bay ◽

Commercial Size ◽

Excessive Accumulation

Marine farms in Peter the Great Bay are oriented predominantly to cultivation of bivalve mollusks that causes excessive accumulation of biodeposits in the areas of plantations. To reduce this negative impact on the ecosystem, development of bicultural farms with cultivation of flterfeeders and detritivores is recommended. In the area of mussel (Mytilus trossulus) plantations in the Sukhodol Bay, the sedimentation rate reaches 34.1 g.m–2.day–1, with mean portion of organic carbon in the biodeposits as 20.2 %. Annual biodeposition from 1 hectare of mussel plantations is about 124 t that corresponds to annual consumption of detritus by 1 million of 1-year-old sea cucumberApostichopus japonicus. By the end of the 4-year cycle of cultivation, the sea cucumbers of commercial size consume this amount of biodeposits within a month (60 g of organic carbon per year each). Production of a sea cucumber plantation with 5 million juveniles of sea cucumber settling every year can exceed 700 t in 10 years of operation, if it is mounted within the bicultural marine farm with bivalve cages as additional source of suspended organic matter.

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Seasonal characteristic of gonadogenesis for the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka

Izvestiya TINRO ◽

10.26428/1606-9919-2016-185-112-122 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 185 (2) ◽

pp. 112-122

Author(s):

Inga V. Matrosova ◽

Vladimir V. Evdokimov

Keyword(s):

Sea Cucumber ◽

Apostichopus Japonicus ◽

Internal Surface ◽

Japan Sea ◽

The Japan Sea ◽

Different Seasons ◽

Sexual Glands ◽

Seasonal Characteristic ◽

New Generation ◽

Timing Of Spawning

Gonads of females and males of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus were collected along Primorye coast of the Japan Sea (bays Kiyevka, Sokolovskaya, Melkovodnaya, Sredniaya, and the area between Cape Genbachev and Cape DeLivron) in different seasons from May to October, 2011. The gonads were fixed in 70 % alcohol and Buena fixing agent, using Isoprep and Histomix, and subjected to histophyisiological analysis. Sex of the animals and condition of their gonads were defined visually and on histological preparations. Their whole bodies, skin and muscular bags, and sexual glands were weighted, gonad-somatic indices were calculated, dynamics of cellular composition was traced for the sex glands, timing of spawning and duration of the rest stage were determined. For the cucumbers from the Kiyevka and Melkovodnaya Bays, diameter of sex tubules varied from 0.2 mm to 1.9 mm, diameter of freely lying oocytes - from 71.4 mm to 167.0 mm, and diameter of wall oocytes - from 47.6 mm to 119.0 mm; they were ready for spawning in late July - early August, and spawned in the first 10-days of August. Plication of the tubule walls internal surface was observed later in the process of mature cells resorption in sex tubules; new generation of the cells appeared, which most likely would undergo to further destruction (small tubules with plication of their walls were observed for a specimen from the Kiyevka Bay in late September, 2011). New gametogenesis was registered both for females (small oocytes) and males (spermatocytes of I and II orders) from the Sredniaya Bay and between Cape Genbachev and Cape DeLivron in early October, simultaneously with continuing process of the tubule walls plication. The rest stage (without forming of new sex tubules) continued 1.0-1.5 months: from early August to middle September, with some variations between the areas.

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Some biological characteristics of the Far Eastern sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) from the Severnaya Bay of the Slavyanka Gulf (Japan Sea)

The researches of the aquatic biological resources of Kamchatka and of the north-west part of the Pacific Ocean ◽

10.15853/2072-8212.2021.60.63-68 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 63-68

Author(s):

I. V. Matrosova ◽

A. A. Politayeva

Keyword(s):

Sex Ratio ◽

Body Length ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Apostichopus Japonicus ◽

Gonad Index ◽

Japan Sea ◽

Biological Characteristics ◽

Biological Traits ◽

Far Eastern

Some of biological traits of the Far Eastern sea cucumber from the Severnaya Bay were examined in 2016 and 2017. Body length of sea cucumber individuals varied from 3.6 to 23.4 cm. Dermo-muscular bag weight was higher in 2017 (137.5 g). Individual ages were 1–4 years in 2016 and 1–5 years in 2017. Sex ratio was near 1:1 in 2016 and 2017. During the period of the research gonad index was maximal in June – 10.6%. Spawning began in the 2nd decade of June and finished in the 2nd decade of July.

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Efficiency of scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis cultivation in the Ussuri Bay (Japan Sea)

Izvestiya TINRO ◽

10.26428/1606-9919-2016-185-240-250 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 185 (2) ◽

pp. 240-250

Author(s):

Galina S. Gavrilova ◽

Larisa N. Kim

Keyword(s):

Environmental Conditions ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Complex Structure ◽

Japan Sea ◽

Shallow Waters ◽

Low Density ◽

Mizuhopecten Yessoensis ◽

Scallop Cultivation ◽

Weak Result

Data on cultivation of scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis in the Ussuri Bay are generalized. The marine farms are located in the shallow waters at depths of 2-18 m, their plantations occupy different areas with different hydrodynamics. Complex structure of the plantations (collectors, cages and bottom facilities) is formed in the semi-closed Sukhodol Bay, but bottom plantations only for growing of scallop and sea cucumber are mounted in two other bays. The local broodstocks of scallop were formed by juveniles transported from the Posyet Bay, after that at least 20 million individuals of scallop spat were collected in three bays in 2000-2014, and their growing gave the total commercial output about 216 t (111 t in the Sukhodol Bay, 70 t in the Ilmovaya Bay, and 35 t in the Malye Kushi Bay). This is rather weak result that shows that the area has limited abilities for development of this type of aquaculture. The main reason was low density of spat on substrata: it never exceeded 200 ind./collector and did not increase during the farms development, so the farmers were forced to increase the number of collectors to obtain required number of spat; moreover, some years were unfavorable for collecting of juvenile scallops. There is concluded that environmental conditions in the eastern Ussuri Bay are not optimal for the scallop cultivation by extensive method.

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