scholarly journals Diversity and microhabitat use of benthic invertebrates in an urban forest stream (Southeastern Brazil)

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor Manuel B. Ferreira ◽  
Nathália de O. Paiva ◽  
Bruno E. Soares ◽  
Maíra Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Benthic Invertebrates ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Taxonomic Richness ◽  
Rarefaction Curves ◽  
Forest Stream ◽  
Structure Indices

ABSTRACT This work aimed to assess the diversity and microhabitat use of benthic invertebrates in an urban forest stream in southeastern Brazilian region. The invertebrates were sampled in a headwater stream, located at the Tijuca Forest, Rio de Janeiro. Three types of microhabitats were sampled (litter, sand and stone) using a Surber sampler. Specimens were identified to the family-level and rarefaction curves were constructed for the total sampling and for each type of microhabitat. Community structure indices (abundance, taxonomic richness, diversity, and dominance) were calculated for each microhabitat. Differences among indices were tested through a repeated measure ANOVA, and differences among microhabitatsʼ composition through a PerMANOVA. A total of 9,800 specimens were registered in which Chironomidae was the most abundant. The rarefaction curves did not reach the asymptote. Community structure indices exhibited differences (RM ANOVA; p < 0.001), as well as microhabitats’ composition (PerMANOVA; p < 0.001). Abundance and taxonomic richness were the highest in litter, diversity was higher both in litter and stone, and sand had the highest dominance. Results highlighted that the variety of microhabitats may enhance local diversity and that the differences in resources availability of each type of microhabitat determine the distribution of these invertebrates.

scholarly journals Application of the physical habitat simulation for fish species to assess environmental flows in an Atlantic Forest Stream in South-eastern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Rodrigues da Costa ◽  
Tailan Moretti Mattos ◽  
Victor Hugo Fernandes ◽  
Francisco Martínez-Capel ◽  
Rafael Muñoz-Mas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Forest Stream ◽  
Habitat Simulation ◽  
Target Fish

ABSTRACT The physical habitat simulation sub-routine of the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM) uses hydraulic modeling and suitability indices of target fish species to predict how differences in-stream flows affect the microhabitat occupation by fish species. This habitat modelling approach was adopted to assess the ecological effects of running flows on three neotropical fish species of different orders (Bryconamericus ornaticeps , Ancistrus multispinis and Geophagus brasiliensis ).The study encompassed two reaches of an Atlantic Forest stream in Southeastern Brazil where topographic and hydraulic (depth, velocity and type of substrate) characteristics were measured to implement one-dimensional hydraulic simulation. Sub aquatic observation of fish was performed to collect data on microhabitat use and these data were used to develop habitat suitability curves that were used in the habitat simulation to obtain the habitat suitability index (HSI) and weighted usable area (WUA) versus flow curves. Upon these curves minimum and optimum environmental flows for the target fish species were proposed. Bryconamericus ornaticeps and A. multispinis selected microhabitats around 0.6 m depth, whereas G. brasiliensis showed a wider suitable range (0.35-0.9 m). All the three species were mainly observed in microhabitat with low flow velocity (0.1 m/s). Bryconamericus ornaticeps selected more frequently coarse substrate (e.g. boulders) but it appeared also over sandy substrate, whereas A. multispinis and G. brasiliensis selected preferably boulders. The range of 0.65-0.85 m3/s was found as the optimum to meet the needs of the three fish species. Our results agree with the necessary objective information to perform grounded management actions in the frame of a management program aiming at ecosystem conservation. Thereby it can be considered a successful pilot study in environmental flow assessment in an Atlantic Forest stream of Brazil.

scholarly journals Meals for two: foraging activity of the butterflyfish Chaetodon Striatus (perciformes) in southeast Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Bonaldo ◽  
J. P. Krajewski ◽  
I. Sazima
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Invertebrates ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Late Afternoon ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Rocky Reefs ◽  
Feeding Activities

The banded butterflyfish (Chaetodon striatus) from the tropical and subtropical western Atlantic is a territorial, diurnal forager on benthic invertebrates. It is usually seen moving singly or in pairs, a few meters above the sea floor. We studied the foraging activity of C. striatus on rocky reefs in southeastern Brazil. This fish spent about 11 h and 30 min per day on feeding activities, and preferred colonies of non-scleratinian anthozoans over sandy and rocky substrata while foraging. The lowest feeding rates were recorded in the early morning and late afternoon, but we found no further differences between feeding rates throughout the day. We also found no differences between the feeding rates of paired and single individuals.

How long does it take to know a species? Redescription, vocalization, and chigger mites infestation pattern in the centenary Brachycephalus garbeanus (Anura: Brachycephalidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4950 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-344
Author(s):  
MANUELLA FOLLY ◽  
MANOELA WOITOVICZ-CARDOSO ◽  
CLARISSA CANEDO ◽  
PAULO NOGUEIRA-COSTA ◽  
JOSÉ P. JR. POMBAL
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Short Pulses ◽  
Infestation Pattern ◽  
Aggressive Calls

Although we celebrate the centennial of Brachycephalus garbeanus’ discovery, little progress has been done on understanding this species’ biology apart from a few morphological and ecological studies, which includes its redescription based on three specimens from the type-series, microhabitat use, sexual dimorphism in body size, and feeding habits. This species is endemic to the Serra dos Órgãos Mountain range, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. Here we redescribe B. garbeanus based on a wide sampling, including its advertisement and aggressive calls, and also the chigger mites infestation pattern. The advertisement call is longer than 25.8 s with pulsed notes series emitted at an average rate of 2.3 notes/s and 14.1 pulses/s; long inter-note interval with 320 ms; notes with distinctly short pulses (1 to 16 ms); low dominant frequency for this genus (3.0-5.4 kHz) and presence of four harmonics. This species is often parasitized by chigger mites of Hannemania, with a prevalence of infection of 67%, mainly affecting the ventral body surface. Females had a higher prevalence of parasites than males and there was no correlation found between the size of specimens and the number of parasites. Our study, provides an important and overdue taxonomical contribution, including a large amount of novel information for B. garbeanus. 

Changes in the community structure of anurans in the Coastal plain forest, southeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-549
Author(s):  
Juliane Pereira‐Ribeiro ◽  
Átilla C. Ferreguetti ◽  
Helena G. Bergallo ◽  
Carlos Frederico D. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Southeastern Brazil

Comparison of the woody flora and soils of six areas of montane semideciduous forest in southern Minas Gerais, Brazil

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Oliveira-Filho ◽  
E. A. Vilela ◽  
M. L. Gavilaness ◽  
D. A. Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Gallery Forests ◽  
Upper Rio Grande

Qualitative and quantitative descriptions of the woody flora and soil analyses are provided for six areas of montane semideciduous forest in the upper Rio Grande region, southern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Comparisons are made of the floristic composition of these six areas and 24 other forest areas of southeastern Brazil using ordination by detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) and hierarchical classifications, both agglomerative (upgma) and divisive (twinspan). The variation in community structure of five of the six forest areas was analysed using a two-way table yielded by twinspan. The floristic analyses indicated the strongest link between the forests of the upper Rio Grande region and other montane forest formations of southeastern Brazil as well as secondary links with the gallery forests that extend into the cerrado domain and the submontane semideciduous forests of the Rio Parana basin. Variations in community structure among the five forest areas were apparently associated mainly with riverside effects and soil fertility.

Reef fish community structure on coastal islands of the southeastern Brazil: the influence of exposure and benthic cover

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio R. Floeter ◽  
Werther Krohling ◽  
João Luiz Gasparini ◽  
Carlos E. L. Ferreira ◽  
Ilana R. Zalmon
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Reef Fish ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Fish Community Structure ◽  
Reef Fish Community
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