Floristics, phytosociology and biogeography of capitinga vegetation in a white sand habitat in the Chapada Diamantina Mountains, Brazil

Rodriguésia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligia Silveira Funch ◽  
Roy Richard Funch ◽  
Francimira Ferreira Rocha ◽  
Ana Paula Lima do Couto-Santos ◽  
Mário Sérgio Branco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
White Sand ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Eastern Flank ◽  
Ordination Analysis ◽  
Floristic Data ◽  
Vegetation Mosaic

Abstract Capitinga is poorly studied vegetation growing on small, scattered islands of fine, white sand surrounded by the latosol forests on the eastern flank of the Chapada Diamantina Mountains in northeastern Brazil. Our study characterized capitinga vegetation, its environmental features, and compared its flora with the vegetation mosaic within the Espinhaço and Chapada Diamantina ranges. Floristic data was collected from 1999-2006, and phytosociological surveys were undertaken in 2004-2005 and 2016-2017 within fifteen 50 x 2 m plots (100 m2 each, 1500 m2 in total). Multivariate grouping and ordination analysis were used to examine the floristic affinities of capitinga vegetation. Sixty different species from 36 families were recorded overall, while a total of 4945 individuals distributed among 25 families and 33 species were recorded in the plots. The richest families were Fabaceae (7) and Apocynaceae (5), while the most abundant families were Arecaceae (61.5% of all individuals) and Velloziaceae (18.4%), represented by Syagrus harleyi and Vellozia dasypus respectively. Capitinga represents a distinct habitat conditioned by edaphic features, and its flora is unlike other vegetations in the Espinhaço or Chapada Diamantina ranges, with several locally endemic species.

Species Richness and Diversity in Bee Assemblages in a Fragment of Savanna (Cerrado) at Northeastern Brazil

Sociobiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cândida Maria Lima Aguiar ◽  
Edson Braz Santana ◽  
Celso Feitosa Martins ◽  
Felipe Vivallo ◽  
Cláudia Oliveira Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
National Park ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Species Loss ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ordination Analysis ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance

The conservation of the fauna of bees inhabiting the Brazilian savanna is threatened due to changes in land use in the last decades. We investigated the composition, species richness and abundance of a bee assemblage in the vicinity of the Chapada Diamantina National Park. In addition, we compiled data on composition and diversity from another bee assemblage located in the same portion of the Cerrado, which was previously investigated by one of us almost 30 years ago, in order to produce a more complete panorama on beta diversity of bees in this region. We used a non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination analysis (NMDS) to compare composition of bee assemblages from diff erent types of open vegetation. We recorded 77 bee species (H’ = 2.95; J = 0.68), 42% of them were singletons. We collected slightly more than half of the species and 60% of the genera recorded in the bee assemblage studied three decades ago. H’ was signifi cantly lower in our area than in the previous study (t = 8.588, p <0.001), but equitability (J) was very similar. Several factors may contribute to these diff erences, including local diff erences in bee assemblage composition, diff erences in the probability of capturing the diff erent species (many rare species), factors affecting the sampling itself, and perhaps species loss over the three decades separating the two studies. The magnitude of species loss is difficult to assess because the two studies were not carried out exactly in the same area and there were differences in sampling time and sampling effort.

scholarly journals Geographic distribution of epiphytic bromeliads of the Una region, Northeastern Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita Fontoura ◽  
Flavio Antonio Maës dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
Geographically Distributed ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Epiphytic Bromeliads

Many Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest plant and animal species are geographically restricted to Southern Bahia and Northern Espírito Santo States. We investigated the geographic distribution of epiphytic bromeliads in the lowland forest of the Una region (15° 17' 34' S - 39° 04' 30'' W) in Southern Bahia. Specifically, we addressed the following questions: i) what is the extent of each species distribution?; and ii) are the Bromeliaceae subfamilies distributed differently from one another? Almost half of the 40 species (47.5%) occur exclusively in the Southern Bahia-Northern Espírito Santo region and are herein referred as endemic species. The highest percentage of the 15 species of Tillandsioideae (46.7%) occur throughout the South American Continent and most of the 25 species of Bromelioideae (68.0%) are mainly represented by endemic species. The Una region has almost two times more species than a forested area located 40 km west, suggesting marked increases in diversity in over relatively short distances. The endemism data around Una indicates that species are geographically distributed over an area spanning approximately six to seven degrees in latitude and longitude. This result contrasts with the geographic distribution of Andean epiphytes, mainly represented by Tillandsioideae, that have large geographical distributions. Larger-scale analyses and standardized methods are necessary to verify whether the narrow geographical distribution of most epiphytic bromeliads in the Una region is consistent across different forest types of the Atlantic Rainforest.

Two new endemic species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) from the Central Amazon Basin, Amazonas State, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 311 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
FERNANDA NUNES CABRAL ◽  
VOLKER BITTRICH ◽  
MARIA DO CARMO ESTANISLAU DO AMARAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Leaf Lamina ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
White Sand ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Amazonas State ◽  
Fruit Surface

Two new species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) are described and illustrated: Caraipa glabra and C. iracemensis. Both species are known only from the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas state, Brazil. They both occur on patches of white-sand vegetation and they are locally abundant. Caraipa glabra is a small tree and can be distinguished from other Caraipa species by the complete absence of hairs on the leaf lamina, pedicel and fruits. Caraipa iracemensis is morphologically similar to C. grandifolia and C. caespitosa, and can be distinguished by its habit, leaves and petiole size, as well as fruit surface and size.

scholarly journals A new Moenkhausia Eigenmann, 1903 (Ostariophysi: Characiformes) from Chapada Diamantina, rio Paraguaçu Basin, Bahia, Northeastern Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo C. Benine ◽  
Ricardo M. C. Castro ◽  
Alexandre C. A. Santos
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Median Line ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
Fin Rays

Moenkhausia diamantina, new species, is described from tributaries of the rio Paraguaçu, BA, northeastern Brazil. This species is distinguished from all congeners by features of body color pattern, the presence of scales on the predorsal median line and the number of anal-fin rays.

scholarly journals The blind catfish from the caves of Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae): description, anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, natural history, and biogeography

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio A. Bockmann ◽  
Ricardo M. C. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Morphological Plasticity ◽  
Transverse Process ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Group Relationships

Rhamdiopsis krugi, a new troglobitic heptapterid catfish, is described from the caves of Chapada Diamantina, State of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. This species, although frequently cited in the scientific literature along the last seventeen years, remained undescribed largely due to its uncertain phylogenetic affinities. The generic assignment of R. krugi was clouded largely by its high number of unusual morphological features (some related to cave life), for instance: absence of eyes and body pigmentation; presence of a widely exposed pseudotympanum; posterior border of the anterior branch and anterior margin of the arborescent portion of the posterior branch of the transverse process of fourth vertebra joined; dorsal hypural plate commonly with seven rays; ventral caudal plate usually with six rays; dorsal and ventral caudal-fin lobes typically with six branched fin rays each; 38-39 vertebrae; anal fin with 14-17 rays; and lateral line very short. Rhamdiopsis krugi can be easily distinguished from its congeners, R. microcephala and R. moreirai, by its troglomorphic features and by the presence of a shorter lateral line, fewer vertebrae and anal-fin rays, pattern of branching of caudal-fin rays, and several attributes of skeletal system. The affinities of this new species are discussed in light of current phylogenetic knowledge of the family Heptapteridae. Incongruent derived characters do not allow selection of a particular hypothesis of sister group relationships among species of Rhamdiopsis. The occurrence of R. krugi in the rio Paraguaçu basin is possibly due to an event of hydrological capture from a section of the middle portion of the rio São Francisco basin, caused by tectonic events. The semi-arid region where R. krugi presently lives was probably covered by a wide forested area during a humid cycle in Quaternary. A summary of natural history and ecology data of R. krugi, as well as notes on its conservation, are provided. We also offer comments on the morphological plasticity of R. krugi.

Macro and microcharacters reveal a new species of Dichanthelium (Poaceae, Panicoideae) endemic to sandy soils of the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, northeastern Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 447 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-162
Author(s):  
ANDREZA O. MATOS ◽  
JOSEANE S. CARNEIRO ◽  
IASMIN L. C. OLIVEIRA ◽  
KELLY R. B. LEITE ◽  
CHRISTIAN SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Campo Rupestre ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
The Family ◽  
Northern Portion ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Reproductive Characters

Dichanthelium is a genus belonging to the family Poaceae, included in the subfamily Panicoideae. It is widely distributed on the American continent, from Canada to Argentina. In Brazil, several species are endemic, mainly to the Chapada Diamantina, the Bahian portion of the Espinhaço range. One of them, D. cumbucana, has a problematic circumscription. During the preparation of a taxonomic account of Dichanthelium for Bahia, we found some specimens from Morro do Chapéu, a municipality of the northern portion of Chapada Diamantina, to be similar to D. cumbucana, but with distinguishing features. After morphological, anatomical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, we found significant differences in the vegetative and reproductive characters of these specimens. Based on these data, we consider these specimens to be part of an independent taxon, herein described as the new species D. arenicola, which is only known from areas of sandy soils associated with “campo rupestre” vegetation. We also provide illustrations, data on habitat and distribution, as well as a conservation status assessment for the new species.

PERINOTIA DIAMANTINASP. NOV., A NEW DIATOM SPECIES FROM THE CHAPADA DIAMANTINA, NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Ferrari ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Wetzel ◽  
Luc Ector ◽  
Saúl Blanco ◽  
João Cláudio Cerqueira Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Chapada Diamantina
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