scholarly journals Home range of a Geoffroy's marmoset group, Callithrix geoffroyi (Primates, Callitrichidae) in South-eastern Brazil

2000 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. PASSAMANI ◽  
A. B. RYLANDS
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Callithrix Geoffroyi

The home range of one group of the Geoffroy's marmoset (Callithrix geoffroyi) was studied in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest in south-eastern Brazil, between February 1993 and January 1994. The total home range was 23.3 ha and the area used in the dry season was significantly larger than that of the wet season. The smallest distance travelled by group was 480 m/day in May and the longest was 1,980 m/day in March, but with no significant differences between seasons. The total home range used for this species agrees with the ecological grouping of the genus Callithrix proposed by Rylands & Faria (1993) and may be associated with the habitat structure, the limit of the fragment and the inexistence of neighbouring groups.

Activity patterns of the water opossum Chironectes minimus in Atlantic Forest rivers of south-eastern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melina de Souza Leite ◽  
Thiago Lopes Queiroz ◽  
Maron Galliez ◽  
Patrícia Pinto de Mendonça ◽  
Fernando A. S. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Activity Period ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Selective Pressures ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Polygynous Mating System ◽  
Unimodal Pattern

Abstract:The activity of the water opossum Chironectes minimus was studied in Atlantic forest rivers in south-eastern Brazil using radiotracking, from October 2004 to October 2008. There were 439 nocturnal fixes of 11 males and four females. Activity patterns of the water opossum were compared among sexes and seasons, using linear and generalized linear mixed models. The water opossum is active mostly at night, showing a unimodal pattern, with activity increasing after sunset and decreasing thereafter along the night. Females were more active in the first quarter of the night and males in the second one. The activity period of males was longer in the dry season, while for females it was longer in the wet season. Sex and season were important determinants of the water opossum activity patterns, mainly because of different sex strategies in a promiscuous/polygynous mating system. However, despite those influences the overall distribution of activity along the night was similar to most Neotropical marsupials. Therefore, similarities in the activity patterns are probably due to phylogenetic constraints and to the absence or weakness of selective pressures modifying the activity of the water opossum.

scholarly journals Prey foraging behavior, seasonality and time-budgets in black lion tamarins, Leontopithecus chrysopygus (Mikan 1823) (Mammalia, Callitrichidae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. KEUROGHLIAN ◽  
F. C. PASSOS
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Time Budgets ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Foraging Effort ◽  
Lion Tamarins ◽  
Lion Tamarin ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Brazil

Foraging behavior, seasonality and time-budgets in the Black Lion Tamarin (L. chrysopygus) was observed in the Caetetus Ecological Station, South-eastern Brazil, during 83 days between November 1988 to October 1990. For the full dry season we found that animal prey represented 11.2% of the black lion tamarin diet, while during the wet season they represented 1.9%. Foraging behavior made up 19.8% of their total activity in the dry season and only 12.8% in the wet season. These results point out that animal prey are relatively more important during the dry season, due to reduced availability of other resources, e.g. fruits, and that a greater foraging effort is required when a larger proportion of the diet is animal prey.

scholarly journals Seasonal flooding, instream habitat structure and fish assemblages in the Mulgrave River, north-east Queensland: towards a new conceptual framework for understanding fish-habitat dynamics in small tropical rivers

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Rayner ◽  
Bradley J. Pusey ◽  
Richard G. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Assemblage Structure ◽  
Tropical Rivers ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Seasonal Flooding ◽  
North East ◽  
Habitat Dynamics

Strong relationships between seasonal flooding, instream habitat structure and fish assemblages have been well documented in large tropical rivers (e.g. the flood pulse concept). However, the mechanics of these relationships are likely to differ substantially in smaller coastal rivers, such as those in Costa Rica, south-east Brazil and Australia’s Wet Tropics. These systems typically feature steep upland streams with short, deeply incised lowland channels and poorly connected floodplains. This hypothesis was investigated by documenting spatial and temporal variation in fish-habitat relationships in the Mulgrave River, north-east Queensland. Sampling was conducted at four lowland sites under a range of flow conditions, from dry-season baseflows to a one-in-ten-year flood. Longitudinal environmental gradients and fine-scale habitat patches were important in regulating fish assemblage structure during the dry season. However, high wet-season flows, constrained by the deep channel, acted as disturbances rather than gentle flood-pulses. In particular, the mobilisation of bed sediments led to scouring of aquatic vegetation and a dramatic reduction in habitat heterogeneity. Seasonal movements of fish led to significant changes in assemblage structure – from a community dominated by Neosilurus ater, Hypseleotris compressa, Awaous acritosus and Redigobius bikolanus during the dry season, to one dominated by Nematalosa erebi, Ambassis agrammus and Glossamia aprion during the wet season. Based on these observations, together with information from the literature, a conceptual model of fish-habitat dynamics is presented that is better suited to small tropical rivers than those developed in larger systems with expansive floodplains.

Relationships of a new species support multiple origin of melanism in Trichomycterus from the Atlantic Forest of south-eastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 74-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson J.E.M. Costa ◽  
José Leonardo O. Mattos ◽  
Pedro F. Amorim ◽  
Paulo J. Vilardo ◽  
Axel M. Katz
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Multiple Origin ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
A New Species

Heavy Metals Contamination of Some Food Materials from Markets in South Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
C. A. Anukwuorji ◽  
R. N. Okigbo ◽  
A. E. Chikwendu ◽  
C. L. Anuagasi ◽  
J. U. Anukwu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Citrullus Colocynthis ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Enugu State

This research work aimed at assessing the metal composition of the cotyledons of Citrullus colocynthis (egusi) and Irvingia wombolu (ogbono) as well as cassava chips sold in open markets in the five states of the South-Eastern Nigeria. These food materials were sampled from 135 stores and markets in three waves (Wet season, Harmattan and Dry season) between February, 2015 and March, 2016 in each of the five states in south eastern Nigeria (Enugu, Anambra, Imo, Abia and Ebonyi). The food materials were analyzed for Zinc, Lead, Copper and Iron using the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) method. The concentrations of these metals were not higher than the maximum permissible limit set by NAFDAC in Nigeria except for Lead in Enugu State ((0.042±0.068 mg/g). The highest quantity of Lead was detected in Citrullus colocynthis (0.039±0.006 mg/g) while the least concentration was detected in Cassava chips (0.009±0.005 mg/g). Lead was detected in samples collected across all the seasons (Wet season, Dry season and Harmattan). The high concentration of Lead in the sampled food materials from Enugu state across all the waves of sample collection that violated the permissible limits of lead set by WHO and NAFDAC is of public health concern. Lead exposure has been shown to cause severe health challenges thus regular monitoring of these toxic heavy metals from foods sold in markets is essential, to prevent their excessive build-up in the food chain. The inference of this study reveals that these food materials sold in the open market are not completely safe for consumption as a result of lead contamination due to poor handling and processing. Findings from this study will be of great help to all stakeholders in this area of interest such as researchers and environmental regulators, relevant government agencies saddled with the responsibility of ensuring the safety of foods consumed in Nigeria.

Seasonal Variation in Bee-Plant Interactions in an Inselberg in the Atlantic Forest in Southeastern Brazil

Sociobiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelita França Marques ◽  
Mariana Scaramussa Deprá ◽  
Maria Cristina Gaglianone
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Floral Resources ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Bee Plant

Studies on bee-plant interactions are relevant to the understanding of temporal patterns in neotropical communities. In isolated habitats such as inselbergs little is yet known about the temporal dynamics in the availability of fl oral resources and interacting bee. In the present study, the objective is to verify the eff ect of seasonality on the bee-plant interaction in an Atlantic Forest inselberg in southeastern Brazil. The bees were sampled monthly in the dry (April/2008-September/2008) and wet seasons (October/2008-March/2009) using an entomological net. A total of 322 bees of 33 species were captured on fl owers of 34 species of plants during the year. Bees richness was similar between seasons (22 species in the wet season and 21 in the dry season), but abundance was higher in the wet season (60% of individuals) and higher diversity occurred in the dry season. Augochloropsis sp1 were the most abundant species and visited the largest number of plant species at each season. In the interaction network, plants with the highest degree were distinct between the seasons. The number of possible interactions was higher in the dry season compared to the wet season and connectance was similar; nestedness however varied between the seasons. The composition of plant and bees species was distinct between the seasons, as well as the interactions between them, mainly due to the alteration in the composition of the plant species and the change in the choice of the bees for the floral resources between the seasons.

Is camera-trapping an efficient method for surveying mammals in Neotropical forests? A case study in south-eastern Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Srbek-Araujo ◽  
Adriano Garcia Chiarello
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Neotropical Forests ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Line Transects

Although highly diverse (Fonseca et al. 1996), the Atlantic forest mammal fauna is still poorly known, with very few sites exhaustively inventoried or subjected to long-term studies (Passamani et al. 2000). Although the first surveys using camera traps were carried out in the 1920s (e.g. Chapman 1927), most studies are rather recent (Karanth & Nichols 1998). This is not different in Brazil, where few studies have been published (Marques & Ramos 2001, Santos-Filho & Silva 2002, Silveira et al. 2003, Trolle 2003, Trolle & Kéry 2003). Given this, the objective of this paper is to assess the efficiency of camera trapping as an inventory technique for Neotropical forests in general and Atlantic forest in particular. The study was conducted at the Santa Lúcia Biological Station (SLBS), a biologically rich Atlantic Forest preserve located in south-eastern Brazil (Mendes & Padovan 2000) where mammals have been intensively live-trapped, observed from line-transects or had indirect evidence of their presence (faeces, footprints, scratches, etc.) recorded in earlier years (Passamani et al. 2000).

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