scholarly journals PRETERM BIRTH AND FETAL GROWTH RESTRICTION IN HIV-INFECTED BRAZILIAN PREGNANT WOMEN

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Lucia Barroso DOS REIS ◽  
Karina da Silva ARAUJO ◽  
Lilian Paula RIBEIRO ◽  
Daniel Ribeiro DA ROCHA ◽  
Drielli Petri ROSATO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Southeastern Brazil

Introduction: Maternal HIV infection and related co-morbidities may have two outstanding consequences to fetal health: mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) and adverse perinatal outcomes. After Brazilian success in reducing MTCT, the attention must now be diverted to the potentially increased risk for preterm birth (PTB) and intrauterine fetal growth restriction (IUGR). Objective: To determine the prevalence of PTB and IUGR in low income, antiretroviral users, publicly assisted, HIV-infected women and to verify its relation to the HIV infection stage. Patients and Methods: Out of 250 deliveries from HIV-infected mothers that delivered at a tertiary public university hospital in the city of Vitória, state of Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil, from November 2001 to May 2012, 74 single pregnancies were selected for study, with ultrasound validated gestational age (GA) and data on birth dimensions: fetal weight (FW), birth length (BL), head and abdominal circumferences (HC, AC). The data were extracted from clinical and pathological records, and the outcomes summarized as proportions of preterm birth (PTB, < 37 weeks), low birth weight (LBW, < 2500g) and small (SGA), adequate (AGA) and large (LGA) for GA, defined as having a value below, between or beyond the ±1.28 z/GA score, the usual clinical cut-off to demarcate the 10th and 90th percentiles. Results: PTB was observed in 17.5%, LBW in 20.2% and SGA FW, BL, HC and AC in 16.2%, 19.1%, 13.8%, and 17.4% respectively. The proportions in HIV-only and AIDS cases were: PTB: 5.9 versus 27.5%, LBW: 14.7% versus 25.0%, SGA BW: 17.6% versus 15.0%, BL: 6.0% versus 30.0%, HC: 9.0% versus 17.9%, and AC: 13.3% versus 21.2%; only SGA BL attained a significant difference. Out of 15 cases of LBW, eight (53.3%) were preterm only, four (26.7%) were SGA only, and three (20.0%) were both PTB and SGA cases. A concomitant presence of, at least, two SGA dimensions in the same fetus was frequent. Conclusions: The proportions of preterm birth and low birth weight were higher than the local and Brazilian prevalence and a trend was observed for higher proportions of SGA fetal dimensions than the expected population distribution in this small casuistry of newborn from the HIV-infected, low income, antiretroviral users, and publicly assisted pregnant women. A trend for higher prevalence of PTB, LBW and SGA fetal dimensions was also observed in infants born to mothers with AIDS compared to HIV-infected mothers without AIDS.

scholarly journals Fetal growth restriction in a cohort of migrants in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Ankert ◽  
Tanja Groten ◽  
Mathias W. Pletz ◽  
Sasmita Mishra ◽  
Gregor Seliger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Caesarian Section ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Delivery Mode

Abstract Background Migrant women may have an increased risk of adverse birth outcomes. This study analyses the occurrence of low birth weight, preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction / fetal growth restriction (IUGR/FGR) in pregnant migrants. Method Cross-sectional study of 82 mother-child pairs of pregnant migrants attending medical care in Germany. Results The Median age was 27 years, 49% of patients were of oriental-asian ethnicity and median year of migration was 2015. At least one previous pregnancy was reported in 76% of patients, in 40% the delivery mode was caesarian section. Median gestational age was 39.7 weeks. Preterm birth occurred in 6.1% of pregnancies. Median gestational age for preterm birth was 32.3 weeks. Low birth weight (< 2500 g) occurred in 6.1%. Birth weights below the 10th percentile of birth weight for gestational age were observed in 8.5% of the total cohort. Conclusions Compared to German data no increased occurrence of low birth weight, preterm birth or IUGR/FGR was found. We note that the rate of caesarian section births was higher than in the general population for reasons yet to be identified. The authors propose stratification according to migration status for the national documentation of birth outcomes in Germany.

Early growth outcomes in very low birth weight infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or fetal growth restriction

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-604
Author(s):  
Jennifer Check ◽  
Elizabeth T. Jensen ◽  
Joseph A. Skelton ◽  
Walter T. Ambrosius ◽  
T. Michael O’Shea
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Growth Outcomes

scholarly journals P3.043 Preterm Birth and Fetal Growth Restriction in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women at a Tertiary Public Hospital in Vitória, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A161.3-A161
Author(s):  
H B dos Reis ◽  
K S Araujo ◽  
L Ribeiro ◽  
D R Rocha ◽  
D P Rosato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Growth Restriction

scholarly journals Obstetrical outcome of pregnancy complicated with first trimester bleeding and subchorionic hematoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Kiran Agarwal ◽  
Ritu . ◽  
Amrita Singh ◽  
Anjali Singh ◽  
Amrita Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Antepartum Haemorrhage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Nicu Admission

Background: First trimester bleeding complicates around 20-27% of pregnancy. Objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the feto-maternal and pregnancy outcome in patients presenting with live pregnancy complicated with first trimester bleeding and subchorionic hematoma with those without subchorionic hematoma.Methods: In this prospective observational study, based on ultrasonography, live pregnancies were categorized into two groups, first group having first trimester bleeding with subchorionic hematoma and second with first trimester bleeding only without any hematoma. They were evaluated for the end outcome of pregnancy in terms of abortion and continuation. Continued pregnancies were evaluated for antenatal complications, delivery and intrapartum events along with fetal outcomes.Results: Outcome of pregnancies presenting with first trimester bleeding in terms of abortion was similar in both the groups, 22.8% and 21.5% with hematoma and without hematoma respectively. Incidence of preeclampsia was 11.4% and Fetal growth restriction was 7% in pregnancies with first trimester bleeding with hematoma and was significantly higher than those without hematoma which was 3.07% for preeclampsia and 3% for fetal growth restriction. Incidence of antepartum haemorrhage was higher in hematoma group but the result was not statistically significant. 20% pregnancies with first trimester bleeding with hematoma had preterm deliveries, while it was 7.7% in pregnancies without hematoma and the difference was statistically significant. Low birth weight had occurred in 20% of babies in first group of patients while 4.6% in second group, difference being statistically significant.Conclusions: We found that live pregnancies with first trimester bleeding and subchorionic hematoma were associated with similar risk of miscarriage and antepartum haemorrhage while increased risk of preeclampsia, fetal growth restrictions, preterm birth, non-reassuring fetal heart pattern, caesarean delivery and low birth weight baby when compared to patients with first trimester bleeding without subchorionic hematoma. There was no difference in 5 minutes Apgar score and the NICU admission in both the groups.

scholarly journals Maternal Obesity and Risk of Low Birth Weight, Fetal Growth Restriction, and Macrosomia: Multiple Analyses

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1213
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Lewandowska
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Risk Profiles ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Newborn Outcomes

The associations between maternal pre-pregnancy obesity and low birth weight (LBW, <2500 g) remain inconclusive. Therefore, birth weight in a Polish prospective cohort of 912 mothers was investigated depending on the pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). The whole cohort and the subgroup of gestational weight gain (GWG) in the range of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations, as well as ‘healthy’ women (who did not develop diabetes or hypertension in this pregnancy) were investigated. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) of the newborn outcomes (with 95% confidence intervals, CI) for obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) vs. normal BMI (18.5−24.9 kg/m2) were calculated using multiple logistic regression. Risk profiles (in the Lowess method) were presented for BMI values (kg/m2) and threshold BMI values were calculated. (1) In the cohort, LBW affected 6.6% of pregnancies, fetal growth restriction (FGR) 2.3%, and macrosomia 10.6%. (2) The adjusted risk of macrosomia was more than three-fold higher for obesity compared to normal BMI in the whole cohort (AOR = 3.21 (1.69−6.1), p < 0.001) and the result was maintained in the subgroups. A 17-fold higher adjusted LBW risk for obesity was found (AOR = 17.42 (1.5−202.6), p = 0.022), but only in the normal GWG subgroup. The FGR risk profile was U-shaped: in the entire cohort, the risk was more than three times higher for obesity (AOR = 3.12 (1.02−9.54), p = 0.045) and underweight (AOR = 3.84 (1.13−13.0), p = 0.031). (3) The risk profiles showed that the highest BMI values were found to be associated with a higher risk of these three newborn outcomes and the threshold BMI was 23.7 kg/m2 for macrosomia, 26.2 kg/m2 for LBW, and 31.8 kg/m2 for FGR. These results confirm the multidirectional effects of obesity on fetal growth (low birth weight, fetal growth restriction, and macrosomia). The results for LBW were heavily masked by the effects of abnormal gestational weight gain.

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