scholarly journals Seasonal profile and level of CD4+ lymphocytes in the occurrence of cryptosporidiosis and cystoisosporidiosis in HIV/AIDS patients in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 512-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Benedita de Oliveira-Silva ◽  
Leonardo Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Júlio César Possati Resende ◽  
Bethânea Crema Peghini ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Ramirez ◽  
...  

Patients with AIDS are particularly susceptible to infection with intestinal coccidia. In this study the prevalence of infections with Cryptosporidium sp and Cystoisospora belli were evaluated among HIV/AIDS patients in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Brazil. Between July 1993 and June 2003 faecal samples from 359 patients were collected and stained by a modified Ziehl-Neelsen method, resulting in 19.7% of positivity for coccidian (8.6% with Cryptosporidium sp, 10.3% with Cystoisospora belli and 0.8% with both coccidian). Patients with diarrhoea and T CD4+ lymphocyte levels < 200 cells/mm3 presented higher frequency of these protozoans, demonstrating the opportunistic profile of these infections and its relationship with the immunological status of the individual. It was not possible to determine the influence of HAART, since only 8.5% of the patients positive for coccidian received this therapy regularly. Parasitism by Cryptosporidium sp was more frequent between December and February and thus was characterised by a seasonal pattern of infection, which was not observed with Cystoisospora belli.

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem ALTUNTAŞ AYDIN ◽  
Hayat KUMBASAR KARAOSMANOĞLU ◽  
Ramazan KORKUSUZ ◽  
Mehmet ÖZEREN ◽  
Özcan NAZLICAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Elkanah Obadiah Sambo ◽  
Onyeuku Okechukwu Chinwe ◽  
Obiorah Sylvester Chibuzor ◽  
Elkanah Deborah Sambo ◽  
Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze

AIDS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 680 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Woolley ◽  
D. Spelman ◽  
G. Hale ◽  
C. Fairley ◽  
A. Fuller ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Jimmy Tesiman ◽  
Heru Sundaru ◽  
Teguh H Karjadi ◽  
Siti Setiati

Pendahuluan. Infeksi HIV menyerang pusat kontrol dari sistem imun yang mengakibatkan terjadinya infeksi opportunistik, keganasan dan kematian. Disregulasi dari sistem imun memegang peranan penting dalam progresifitas penyakit HIV. Beberapa penelitian melaporkan bahwa pasien-pasien HIV mempunyai kecenderungan untuk menderita penyakit alergi seperti sinusitis, asma dan dermatitis atopik. Juga dilaporkan terjadinya peningkatan kadar serum imunoglobulin E (IgE) dan peningkatan prevalensi atopi.Metode. Studi potong lintang dilakukan pada 92 orang terinfeksi HIV dan 90 orang non-HIV. Adanya atopi dinyatakan berdasarkan pemeriksaan uji tusuk kulit dengan menggunakan enam macam aeroalergen yang umum di lingkungan. Terhadap pasien-pasien yang sudah didiagnosis dengan HIV dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar IgE total, jumlah limfosit CD4 serta anamnesis terkait.Hasil. Dari 92 orang dengan infeksi HIV/AIDS dan 90 orang non-HIV yang diteliti, terdiri 65 laki-laki (70,7%) dan 27 perempuan (29,3%) pada kelompok HIV, sedangkan pada kelompok non-HIV terdiri atas 40 laki-laki (44,4%) dan 50 wanita (55,6%). Umur subjek penelitian berkisar antara 20-55 tahun dengan rerata 29,3 (5,7) tahun pada kelompok HIV, sedangkan rerata kelompok umur kontrol adalah 27,9 (4,5) tahun. Berdasarkan rute transmisi HIV, didapatkan sebanyak 52 subjek melalui penggunaan obat intravena (56,5%), 35 melalui hubungan seksual (38%) sedangkan sisanya (5,5%) mempunyai risiko keduanya. Jumlah limfosit CD4+ berkisar 2-674 sel/uL dengan median 160 sel/uL. Kadar IgE total berkisar dari 3-20.000 IU/ mL dengan median 283,5 IU/mL. Kejadian atopi lebih tinggi pada subjek dengan HIV dibandingkan dengan kelompok non-HIV (p= 0,001). Aeroalergen tersering yang menimbulkan sensitasi adalah Dermatophagoides farinae sebanyak 50% dan Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus sebanyak 30%. Didapatkan adanya korelasi negatif yang bermakna antara jumlah limfosit CD4+ dengan kadar IgE total (r=-0,544, p<0,001). Namun demikian, tidak didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara jenis kelamin, rute transmisi, riwayat alergi di keluarga serta jumlah limfosit CD4+ dengan kejadian atopi.Simpulan. Prevalensi atopi pada pasien HIV/AIDS berdasarkan uji tusuk kulit lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok non-HIV. Terdapat korelasi negatif antara kadar IgE total dengan jumlah limfosit CD4+.Kata kunci: atopi, HIV, tes tusuk kulitPrevalence and Predictors of Atopy in HIV/AIDS PatientsIntroduction. HIV infection attacks the center of immune control system resulting opportunistic infection, malignancy and death. Immune system dysregulation plays the central role in the progression of the disease. Some studies reported that HIV-infected patient prone to have allergic disease such as sinusitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis. Elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and increased prevalence of atopy had also been reported in HIV-infected patient. Methods. A cross sectional study was performed in 92 HIV-infected persons and 90 non-HIV persons. Atopy diagnosis was based on immediate hypersensitivity to six common aeroallergen using skin prick test. CD4 cell count, total serum immunoglobulin level and medical history were taken. Results. Among total of 92 HIV/AIDS patients and 90 non-HIV persons, there were 65 males (70.7%) and 27 female (29.3%) in HIV group and 40 males (44.4%) and 50 females (55.6%) in non-HIV group. Age of all subjects range from 20 to 55 years old, mean age of HIV-infected patients was 29.3 (SD 5.7) years while mean age of controls was 27.9 (4.5) years old. Based on HIV route transmission, there were 56.5% subjects infected from intravenous drug user, 38% from heterosexual intercourse and 5.5% subjects had both risk. CD4+ lymphocyte counts of the subject range from 2-674 cells, median 160 cells/uL. Serum total IgE levels range from 3-20.000 IU/mL with median 283.5 IU/mL. Atopy was higher in subjects with HIV than non-HIV (p= 0,001). The most common aeroallergen is Dermatophagoides farinae (50%) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (30%). There was a negative correlation between CD4+ lymphocyte count and total IgE level (r=-0,544, p<0,001), but there is no relation between gender, HIV route of transmission, allergic history in family and CD4+ lymphocyte count with atopy. Conclusions. Prevalence of atopy based on skin prick test among HIV/AIDS patients was higher than non-HIV group. There was a negative correlation between CD4+ lymphocyte count and total IgE level. Keywords: atopy, CD4, HIV, IgE


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Srinivasa Nanyam ◽  
Ravala Siddeswari ◽  
Budithi Sudarsi ◽  
Barla Suryanarayana ◽  
Challagali Kumar ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fasihah Irfani Fitri ◽  
Aldy Safruddin Rambe ◽  
Aida Fitri

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is an epidemic worldwide, despite the marked benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ARV) in reducing severe HIV-associated dementia. A milder form of neurocognitive disorders are still prevalent and remain a challenge.AIM: This study aimed to determine the correlation between plasma cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) lymphocyte, duration of ARV treatment, opportunistic infections, and cognitive function in HIV-AIDS patients.METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 85 HIV-AIDS patients was conducted at Adam Malik General Hospital Medan, Indonesia. All subjects were subjected to physical, neurologic examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Indonesian Version (MoCA-INA) to assess cognitive function and measurement of lymphocyte CD4 counts.RESULTS: Out of the 85 subjects evaluated, the proportion concerning sexes include 52 males (61.2 %) and 33 females (38.8%). The mean age was 38.53 ± 9.77 years old. There was a significant correlation between CD4 lymphocyte counts and MoCA-INA score (r = 0.271, p = 0.012), but there was no significant correlation between duration of ARV treatment and MoCA-INA score. There was also no difference in MoCA-INA score based on the presence of opportunistic infection.CONCLUSION: Lymphocyte CD4 count was independently correlated with cognitive function in HIV-AIDS patients.


Pflege ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Spirig ◽  
Dunja Nicca ◽  
V. Werder ◽  
J. Voggensperger ◽  
Miriam Unger ◽  
...  

Die Entwicklung und Etablierung einer erweiterten und vertieften Pflegepraxis («Advanced Nursing Practice») ist ein wichtiger Schritt in Richtung einer zukunftsorientierten Pflege. An der HIV-Sprechstunde der Medizinischen Universitätspoliklinik des Kantonsspitals Basel, wo akut- und chronischkranke PatientInnen mit HIV/Aids medizinisch und pflegerisch behandelt werden, wurde deshalb ein Aktionsforschungsprojekt in Gang gesetzt mit dem Ziel, PatientInnen kompetentere Dienstleistungen anzubieten. Partizipative Aktionsforschung ist ein Prozess, mit dem gleichzeitig Wissen über ein System generiert und dieses System verändert wird. Im Mittelpunkt des Prozesses steht die kontinuierliche Analyse, Verbesserung und Evaluation der Pflege zugunsten von Patienten und Angehörigen. Eine erweiterte und vertiefte HIV/Aids-Pflegepraxis erfordert solides Grundlagenwissen über die Krankheit und über die aktuelle Behandlung. Patientenpräferenzen, Caring, Erfahrungswissen und Evidenz sind wesentliche konzeptuelle Grundpfeiler. Neben der Aneignung von neuen Kenntnissen spezialisierten sich die Pflegenden in einem von ihnen gewählten Gebiet der HIV/Aids-Pflege, z.B. im Umgang mit Medikamenten und der Bedeutung der Therapietreue, Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention oder im Umgang mit Symptomen, um Beratungen und Schulungen für PatientInnen und Angehörige anzubieten. Mit einer erweiterten und vertieften Pflegepraxis werden Pflegende befähigt, den sich abzeichnenden Veränderungen im Gesundheitswesen zukünftig proaktiv begegnen zu können.


2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 426-428
Author(s):  
T. Jayanthi T. Jayanthi ◽  
◽  
Dr. V. Srikanth Reddy
Keyword(s):  

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