Evaluation of Langerhans cells counts comparing HIV-positive and negative anal squamous cell-carcinoma patients

PURPOSE: To investigate the differences in Langerhans cells (LCs) populations between HIV-positive and negative anal squamous cell carcinomas patients. METHODS: Twenty five patients (14 HIV-positive and 11 HIV-negative) were evaluated. Paraffin-block transversal thin sections from biopsies of anal squamous cell carcinomas (ASCC) were stained using the anti-CD1A antibody that identifies activated LCs. LCs counts were performed using histometry at 20 different sites, at baseline in the ASCC cases. These were then compared with LCs counts in anal canal specimens from HIV-negative and positive patients without ASCC (controls groups). RESULTS: In patients with ASCC, the LC count was greater among HIV-negative individuals than among HIV-positive individuals (p<0.05). The LC count was greater in the control HIV-negative group than in HIV-positive patients with ASCC (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: There was a lower amount of activated LCs in HIV-positive patients with anal squamous cell carcinomas than in HIV-negative patients, thereby suggesting worsening of the immune response.

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Anal squamous cell carcinoma in a high HIV prevalence population

Discover Oncology ◽

10.1007/s12672-021-00397-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Danielle R. L. Brogden ◽

Christopher C. Khoo ◽

Christos Kontovounisios ◽

Gianluca Pellino ◽

Irene Chong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Free Survival ◽

Persons Living With Hiv ◽

Disease Free ◽

Hiv Negative

AbstractAnal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ASCC) is a rare cancer that has a rapidly increasing incidence in areas with highly developed economies. ASCC is strongly associated with HIV and there appears to be increasing numbers of younger male persons living with HIV (PLWH) diagnosed with ASCC. This is a retrospective cohort study of HIV positive and HIV negative patients diagnosed with primary ASCC between January 2000 and January 2020 in a demographic group with high prevalence rates of HIV. One Hundred and seventy six patients were included, and clinical data was retrieved from multiple, prospective databases. A clinical subgroup was identified in this cohort of younger HIV positive males who were more likely to have had a prior diagnosis of Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (AIN). Gender and HIV status had no effect on staging or disease-free survival. PLWH were more likely to develop a recurrence (p < 0.000) but had a longer time to recurrence than HIV negative patients, however this was not statistically significant (46.1 months vs. 17.5 months; p = 0.077). Patients known to have a previous diagnosis of AIN were more likely to have earlier staging and local tumour excision. Five-year Disease-Free Survival was associated with tumour size and the absence of nodal or metastatic disease (p < 0.000).

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A retrospective review of anal squamous cell carcinoma in HIV positive and HIV negative patients

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.4153 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 4153-4153 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Grandhi ◽

P. A. Philip ◽

T. Washington ◽

A. F. Shields ◽

U. Vaishampayan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Anal Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Case Series ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Stage At Diagnosis ◽

Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Hiv Negative

4153 Background: The incidence of invasive anal cancer is 120 times higher in the HIV infected patients than in the general population. The outcome of anal cancer in HIV infected patients has not been evaluated in prospective trials and the published literature is limited to small retrospective case series. The aim of this study is to describe the outcome, tolerability, event free survival, and overall survival in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of anal canal (SCCAC) with and without HIV infection treated at Karmanos Cancer Institute/Wayne State University from 1991 to 2005. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review. Patients were identified using the SEER database. We collected data regarding HIV status, demographics (age, gender, race), stage at diagnosis, treatment, response to treatment, toxicity and survival. Results: Forty patients with SCCAC were identified, of which 13 were HIV positive and 27 were HIV negative. The HIV-positive and HIV-negative groups differed by mean age (44 vs. 55 years), male gender (100 vs. 37 percent), and African American race (92 vs. 59 percent). There were no differences in stage at diagnosis, type of chemotherapy received. HIV positive population received reduced chemotherapy (67 vs. 8 percent), and RT (22 vs. 7 percent) dosage. The major toxicities observed in HIV positive and negative patients were mucositis (23% vs. 29%), neutropenia (8% vs. 33%) and skin toxicity (46% vs. 55%) secondary to radiotherapy. Only 61 percent of HIV-positive patients were disease free vs. 60 percent of HIV-negative patients. Conclusions: We found that HIV positive patients received lower doses of chemo-radiotherapy. Patients with HIV tolerated the lower dose chemoradiotherapy and had a similar toxicity profile to the HIV negative patients. No major difference in the risk of recurrence between HIV positive and negative patients was observed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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The Treatment of Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a High HIV Prevalence Population

10.21203/rs.3.rs-143774/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Danielle Brogden ◽

Christopher Khoo ◽

Christos Kontovounisios ◽

Gianluca Pellino ◽

Irene Chong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Free Survival ◽

Persons Living With Hiv ◽

Disease Free ◽

Hiv Negative

Abstract Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ASCC) is a rare cancer that has a rapidly increasing incidence in areas with highly developed economies. ASCC is strongly associated with HIV and there appears to be increasing numbers of younger male persons living with HIV (PLWH) diagnosed with ASCC in Greater London. This is a retrospective cohort study of HIV positive and HIV negative patients diagnosed with primary ASCC between January 2000 and January 2020 in a demographic group with high prevalence rates of HIV. 176 patients were included, and clinical data was retrieved from multiple, prospective databases. A clinical subgroup was identified in this cohort of younger HIV positive males who were more likely to have had a prior diagnosis of Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (AIN). Gender and HIV status had no effect on staging or disease-free survival. PLWH were more likely to develop a recurrence (p < 0.000) but had a longer time to recurrence than HIV negative patients, however this was not statistically significant (46.1 months vs. 17.5 months; p = 0.077). Patients known to have a previous diagnosis of AIN were more likely to have earlier staging and local tumour excision but there was no identifiable survival benefit in this cohort. Five-year Disease-Free Survival was associated with tumour size and the absence of nodal or metastatic disease (p < 0.000).

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Associated Squamous Cell Cancer of the Anus: Epidemiology and Outcomes in the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Era

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.14.2810 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 474-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

Elizabeth Y. Chiao ◽

Thomas P. Giordano ◽

Peter Richardson ◽

Hashem B. El-Serag

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Cell Cancer ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Administrative Databases ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Highly Active ◽

Hiv Negative

Purpose To evaluate and determine predictors of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) outcomes in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era for HIV-positive and -negative individuals using large national Veterans Affairs (VA) Administration databases. Patients and Methods We used the VA administrative databases to perform a retrospective cohort study in 1,184 veterans diagnosed with SCCA between 1998 and 2004. We calculated HIV infection rates and used logistic regression to identify epidemiologic factors that were associated with HIV infection. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models were calculated to compare survival between HIV-positive and HIV-negative veterans. Results In our cohort, 175 patients (15%) were HIV positive. The median age of the HIV-negative and -positive patients was 63 and 49 years, respectively (P < .001). Individuals with HIV were eight times more likely to be male (P = .01) and three times more likely to be African American (P < .001). There were no differences between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in the receipt of treatment. The 2-year observed survival rates were 77% and 75% among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals, respectively. In multivariate Cox analysis, significant predictors of survival were age, sex, metastasis at diagnosis, and comorbidity score. HIV infection did not affect survival. Conclusion A noteworthy proportion of individuals with SCCA in the VA system are HIV positive. HIV-associated SCCA seems mainly to be a disease among younger men. Survival of SCCA is equivalent between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in the HAART era. Treatment should not be withheld or deintensified based on HIV status.

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