scholarly journals Influence of the legislation on the advertisement of psychoactive medications in Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia de Carvalho Mastroianni ◽  
Jose Carlos Fernandez Galduróz ◽  
Elisaldo Araújo Carlini
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Psychoactive Medications

OBJECTIVE: The regulations on the advertisement of medications aim to encourage and promote an improved health care and the rational use of medications. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the influence of three regulations on the advertisement of medications: the "Export act", published in the United States in 1986; the "WHO's Criteria", published in 1988, and the Resolution 102/2000 of the Collegiate Board of Directors of the ANVISA (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária- Brazilian Sanitary Surveillance Agency), on the advertisement of psychoactive medications. METHOD: We collected advertisements that were published in Brazilian psychiatric journals before and after the regulations were established. The contents of the advertisements were analyzed according to a program created based on the regulation's demands. RESULTS: In the 118 analyzed issues there were 199 different advertisements on 85 psychotropic drugs. We observed that, regardless the studied medication, the information about restrictions of use, such as adverse drug reactions, interactions, contraindications, warnings and precautions, does not appear very often, and when it does, its print sizes were smaller than that of the information favoring the use, such as indication, presentation and dosage. After the publication of the regulations, only 38.2% of the advertisements had all the essential technical information, and 35.3% were irregular in some way. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that there was very little influence of the regulations on the advertisement of psychotropic drugs in Brazil. Consequently, other control measures are necessary in addition to the regulations.

scholarly journals Quantifying Geographic Variation in Health Care Outcomes in the United States before and after Risk-Adjustment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e0166762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry L. Rosenberg ◽  
Joshua A. Kellar ◽  
Anna Labno ◽  
David H. M. Matheson ◽  
Michael Ringel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Risk Adjustment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Care Outcomes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Care Outcomes

scholarly journals Psychoactive drug advertising: a comparison of technical information from three countries: Brazil, United States and United Kingdom

2005 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia de Carvalho Mastroianni ◽  
José Carlos Fernandes Galduróz ◽  
Elisaldo Araujo Carlini
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychoactive Drug ◽  
Drug Advertising ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Before And After ◽  
International Regulations

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Studies carried out in the 1970s and 1980s showed that there were country-dependent disparities in the information given for the same drug in medical advertisements. National and international regulations have been published to do away with such disparities and to foster the rational use of drugs. The purpose of this study was to compare the information contained in psychoactive drug advertisements published in psychiatric journals in Brazil, the United States and the United Kingdom, before and subsequent to the publication of the United States Export Act, in 1986, the WHO criteria, in 1988, and the Brazilian Sanitary Surveillance Agency Resolution no. 102, in 2000. TYPE OF STUDY AND SETTING: Content analysis, at Centro Brasileiro de Informações sobre Drogas Psicotrópicas (Cebrid). METHODS: We gathered advertisements from Brazilian, American and British psychiatry periodicals published before and after each ruling. We analyzed a total of twenty-four Brazilian advertisements that were for the same psychoactive drugs as advertised in American and/or British publications from the same period. RESULTS: We observed that Brazilian advertisements omitted information on usage restrictions, such as contraindications, adverse reactions, interactions, warnings and precautions, and that such information was present in American and British advertisements. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that disparities in the information given for the same drug still persist. The information depends on the country in which each drug is marketed. The legislation is insufficient for eradicating such disparities.

Health care resource utilization before and after perampanel initiation among patients with epilepsy in the United States

Epilepsia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1742-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Faught ◽  
François Laliberté ◽  
Zhixiao Wang ◽  
Victoria Barghout ◽  
Batool Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Care Resource ◽  
Health Care Resource Utilization ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Antiretroviral Treatment Switching and Its Association With Economic Outcomes and Adverse Treatment Effects Among Commercially Insured and Medicaid-Enrolled Patients With HIV in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 989-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Korsnes ◽  
Bridgett B. Goodwin ◽  
Miranda Murray ◽  
Sean D. Candrilli
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Treatment Switching ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Before And After

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) of HIV typically involves the use of 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors plus a third agent (eg, protease inhibitor). It has been shown that over the course of treatment, a proportion of patients switch their ART for various reasons (eg, tolerability, long-term toxicities). We hypothesize that there is a relationship between ART treatment switching and economic and clinical outcomes among HIV patients. Objective: To determine whether switching ART regimens is associated with greater health care costs, resource use, and adverse treatment effects. Methods: Administrative health care claims were used to identify commercially insured and Medicaid-enrolled patients in the United States who had ≥2 claims containing an HIV/AIDS diagnosis from 2006 to 2011 and received an ART prescription from 2007 to 2010. The final population included patients who were ≥18 years old on their index date (ie, date of first ART prescription) and had continuous health plan enrollment for ≥12 months before and after their index date. Treatment characteristics (eg, switching), adverse treatment effects, and health care resource utilization and costs, were evaluated during a 12-month follow-up period. Multivariable models assessed the relationship between ART switching and economic outcomes (ie, costs, number of health care encounters) and adverse treatment effects. Results: A total of 14 590 commercially insured patients met all inclusion criteria and 12% had an ART switch; further, 5744 Medicaid-enrolled patients met all inclusion criteria, and 14% switched treatment. After adjusting for confounders, ART switching was associated with 64% and 36% ( P < 0.0001) increases in hospitalizations, 36% and 25% ( P < 0.0001) increases in nonpharmacy costs, and 15% and 18% ( P < 0.0001) increases in pharmacy costs, among commercially insured and Medicaid-enrolled patients, respectively. ART switching increased the risk of adverse treatment effects, overall and for specific conditions of interest (eg, gastrointestinal intolerance). Conclusions: This study suggests that ART switching is associated with economic outcomes and certain adverse treatment effects. Efforts to put patients on an optimal ART regimen initially, therefore reducing the need for subsequent switching, may have a positive effect on patients specifically and the health care system in general.

Health Outcomes and Health Care Utilization Among Obstetric Deliveries With Concurrent CKD in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Oliverio ◽  
Lindsay K. Admon ◽  
Laura H. Mariani ◽  
Tyler N.A. Winkelman ◽  
Vanessa K. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Utilization
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