scholarly journals Evaluation of contact fungicide spray regimes for control of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) in southern Ethiopia using potato cultivars with different levels of host resistance

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiferaw Mekonen ◽  
Tameru Alemu ◽  
Bekele Kassa ◽  
Greg Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Spray Regimes ◽  
Different Levels

The Effect of a Dominant Phytophthora infestans Genotype (13_A2) in Great Britain on Host Resistance to Foliar Late Blight in Commercial Potato Cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Lees ◽  
J. A. Stewart ◽  
J. S. Lynott ◽  
S. F. Carnegie ◽  
H. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Commercial Potato

scholarly journals Adaptation of Phytophthora infestans to Partial Resistance in Potato: Evidence from French and Moroccan Populations

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Andrivon ◽  
Fabian Pilet ◽  
Josselin Montarry ◽  
Majida Hafidi ◽  
Roselyne Corbière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Small Extent ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Adaptive Pattern ◽  
Different Levels

The use of partially resistant cultivars should become an essential component of a sustainable management strategy of potato late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans. It is therefore important to determine to what extent P. infestans populations can be selected for increased aggressiveness by potato cultivars with different levels of partial resistance. To this end, we sampled P. infestans populations from France and Morocco, chosen as locations where late blight occurs regularly but which differ in the distribution of potato cultivars. Cross-inoculation experiments were used to determine the aggressiveness of all populations to potato cvs. Bintje (prevalent in France but not grown in Morocco) and Désirée (popular in Morocco but cultivated to a very small extent in France). French populations were more aggressive on cv. Bintje than on cv. Désirée, irrespective of the site they were sampled from. Their aggressiveness increased between early and late samplings, suggesting that both cultivars selected for increased aggressiveness during epidemics. By contrast, Moroccan populations were more aggressive on Désirée, regarded as partially resistant in Europe, than on Bintje, highly susceptible under European conditions. These data indicate that P. infestans populations adapt to locally dominant cultivars, irrespective of their resistance levels, and can therefore overcome polygenic, partial resistance. This adaptive pattern may render partial resistance nondurable if not properly managed.

scholarly journals Efficacy of fungicide mixtures for the management of Phytophthora infestans (US-1) on potato

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.N. Muchiri ◽  
R.D. Narla ◽  
O.M. Olanya ◽  
R.O. Nyankanga ◽  
E.S. Ariga
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Foliar Blight ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Fungicide Mixtures ◽  
Spray Regimes ◽  
Disease Pressure

Fungicide application strategies (timing, frequency, rates and mixtures) are important for the control and resistance management of potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans. The efficacy of fungicide mixtures consisting of fenamidone + mancozeb and propamocarb HCL + mancozeb at various rates and in spray regimes containing metalaxyl and mancozeb was evaluated for late blight control (US-1) at four locations in Kenya. Propamocarb HCL + mancozeb significantly (P < 0.05) reduced foliar blight compared with mancozeb and the untreated control under moderate to severe disease pressure. Disease severity was significantly lower following application of propamocarb HCL + mancozeb at a rate of 4L ha-1 than at rates of 2L and 3L ha-1 in 1999 and 2000, but it was not significantly lower following applications at a rate of 3L ha-1 in 2000 and 2001. There were no significant differences in mean final late blight score among the three rates of 0.9, 1.0 and 1.1 kg ha-1 of fenamidone + mancozeb. All fungicide mixtures and application sequences significantly reduced the area under the disease progress curve and final late blight scores as compared with the unprotected control. Total and marketable tuber yield significantly (P < 0.05) increased in all fungicide-treated plots.

Resistance to Phytophthora infestans Clonal Lineage US-23 in Potato Cultivars and Its Relationship with Early Blight Resistance and Tuber Yield

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiya Xue ◽  
Kathleen G. Haynes ◽  
Xinshun Qu
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Clonal Lineage ◽  
Progress Curve

Resistance to late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans clonal lineage US-23, in 217 old and modern potato cultivars was evaluated in field trials in 2016 and 2017 in Pennsylvania. Significant differences in resistance were found among these cultivars (P < 0.0001). Significant interaction between cultivars and environments was found (P < 0.0001). The values of relative area under the disease progress curve ranged from 0 to 0.5841 in 2016 and from 0 to 0.5469 in 2017. Broad-sense heritability of late blight resistance was estimated to be 0.91 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.88 to 0.93. Cluster analysis classified the cultivars into 5 groups: resistant, moderately resistant, intermediate, moderately susceptible, and susceptible. Thirty cultivars showing resistance and 32 cultivars showing moderate resistance were identified. The 217 cultivars were also evaluated for foliar maturity, tuber yield and resistance to early blight, caused by Alternaria solani. A few cultivars with late blight resistance independent of late maturity were found. Late blight resistance and early blight resistance were positively correlated, and 17 cultivars possessed resistance to both diseases. Yield tradeoff associated with late blight resistance was not observed among the cultivars in the absence of disease pressure.

scholarly journals Differential interaction of Phytophthora infestans on tubers of potato cultivars with different levels of blight resistance

2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Flier ◽  
L. J. Turkensteen ◽  
G. B. M. Van Den Bosch ◽  
P. F. G. Vereijken ◽  
A. Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Differential Interaction ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals Pathogenic Fitness of Oosporic Progeny Isolates of Phytophthora infestans on Late-Blight-Resistant Tomato Lines

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 947-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiri Klarfeld ◽  
Avia (Evgenia) Rubin ◽  
Yigal Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Field Isolate ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Host Genotype ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Tomato Genotype ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

Four A1 field isolates and one A2 field isolate of Phytophthora infestans were crossed to produce oospores in tomato leaves. The oospores were extracted and mixed with perlite and water, and healthy tomato leaves were used as bait for oospore-progeny infection. Twenty-nine lesions were obtained from the four crosses and 283 single-sporangium isolates were recovered and tested on four tomato differential lines carrying different major genes (Ph-0, Ph-1, Ph-2, and 3707) for late blight resistance. The pathogenic fitness (number of sporangia per unit leaf area) of parental and progeny isolates was strongly dependent on the host genotype; it decreased in the order Ph-0 > Ph-1 > Ph-2 > 3707. The A2 parent had a higher pathogenic fitness than the A1 parents on Ph-0 and Ph-1 but similar, lower fitness on Ph-2. Different levels of pathogenic fitness were observed across all isolates on Ph-0, although Ph-0 lacks resistance genes. Pathogenic fitness on one tomato genotype was not related to the pathogenic fitness on the other tomato genotypes. Some isolates exhibited reduced pathogenic fitness relative to the respective A1 parent, whereas others demonstrated a higher pathogenic fitness compared with the A2 parent. The tomato genotype Solanum pimpinellifolium L3707/5 was resistant to all five parental isolates of P. infestans. However, 37 of the 283 progeny isolates from 11 different lesions had compatible reactions with this line, producing up to 31 × 103 sporangia/cm2. Overall, reduced fitness was more frequent among the progeny isolates than increased fitness.

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