The Effect of a Dominant Phytophthora infestans Genotype (13_A2) in Great Britain on Host Resistance to Foliar Late Blight in Commercial Potato Cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Lees ◽  
J. A. Stewart ◽  
J. S. Lynott ◽  
S. F. Carnegie ◽  
H. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Commercial Potato

Resistance to Phytophthora infestans Clonal Lineage US-23 in Potato Cultivars and Its Relationship with Early Blight Resistance and Tuber Yield

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiya Xue ◽  
Kathleen G. Haynes ◽  
Xinshun Qu
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Clonal Lineage ◽  
Progress Curve

Resistance to late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans clonal lineage US-23, in 217 old and modern potato cultivars was evaluated in field trials in 2016 and 2017 in Pennsylvania. Significant differences in resistance were found among these cultivars (P < 0.0001). Significant interaction between cultivars and environments was found (P < 0.0001). The values of relative area under the disease progress curve ranged from 0 to 0.5841 in 2016 and from 0 to 0.5469 in 2017. Broad-sense heritability of late blight resistance was estimated to be 0.91 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.88 to 0.93. Cluster analysis classified the cultivars into 5 groups: resistant, moderately resistant, intermediate, moderately susceptible, and susceptible. Thirty cultivars showing resistance and 32 cultivars showing moderate resistance were identified. The 217 cultivars were also evaluated for foliar maturity, tuber yield and resistance to early blight, caused by Alternaria solani. A few cultivars with late blight resistance independent of late maturity were found. Late blight resistance and early blight resistance were positively correlated, and 17 cultivars possessed resistance to both diseases. Yield tradeoff associated with late blight resistance was not observed among the cultivars in the absence of disease pressure.

scholarly journals Adaptation of Phytophthora infestans to Partial Resistance in Potato: Evidence from French and Moroccan Populations

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Andrivon ◽  
Fabian Pilet ◽  
Josselin Montarry ◽  
Majida Hafidi ◽  
Roselyne Corbière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Small Extent ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Adaptive Pattern ◽  
Different Levels

The use of partially resistant cultivars should become an essential component of a sustainable management strategy of potato late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans. It is therefore important to determine to what extent P. infestans populations can be selected for increased aggressiveness by potato cultivars with different levels of partial resistance. To this end, we sampled P. infestans populations from France and Morocco, chosen as locations where late blight occurs regularly but which differ in the distribution of potato cultivars. Cross-inoculation experiments were used to determine the aggressiveness of all populations to potato cvs. Bintje (prevalent in France but not grown in Morocco) and Désirée (popular in Morocco but cultivated to a very small extent in France). French populations were more aggressive on cv. Bintje than on cv. Désirée, irrespective of the site they were sampled from. Their aggressiveness increased between early and late samplings, suggesting that both cultivars selected for increased aggressiveness during epidemics. By contrast, Moroccan populations were more aggressive on Désirée, regarded as partially resistant in Europe, than on Bintje, highly susceptible under European conditions. These data indicate that P. infestans populations adapt to locally dominant cultivars, irrespective of their resistance levels, and can therefore overcome polygenic, partial resistance. This adaptive pattern may render partial resistance nondurable if not properly managed.

scholarly journals POPULATION STRUCTURE OF PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS ON WORLDWIDE SCALE: A REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Khalid Naveed ◽  
Nasir A. Rajputt ◽  
Sajid A. Khan ◽  
Arbab Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Solanum Bulbocastanum ◽  
Tuber Resistance ◽  
Commercial Potato ◽  
Rb Gene ◽  
Late Blight Of Potato

Phytophthora infestans is a destructive pathogen that causes late blight of potato worldwide. Several sexually and asexually reproducing lineages of the pathogen have been identified and new lineages are more virulent as compared to their parental lineages. A new highly aggressive clonal lineage EU13_A2 has spread into potato fields of Europe, Africa and Asia in place of the older lineages. In North America, 24 clonal lineages US1to US24 have been identified. Despite of sexual reproduction, the overall population of P. infestans in potato and tomato fields is dominated by asexual lineages. Breeding has been done to transfer 'R' genes into commercial potato cultivars through classical breeding and by pyramiding of genes. Defender is the only potato cultivar that has foliar and tuber resistance to late blight. Genetically modified potato with RB gene from Solanum bulbocastanum has been developed but it lacks tuber resistance to disease. This review discusses population structure of P. infestans worldwide and breeding efforts to produce late blight resistant potato.

scholarly journals First Report of Phytophthora infestans A2 Mating Type in Ecuador

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Oyarzun ◽  
M. E. Ordoñes ◽  
G. A. Forbes ◽  
W. E. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Solanum Species ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Transitional Area ◽  
Wild Solanum Species ◽  
Commercial Potato ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Andean Highlands

The tropical highlands of Ecuador are a genetic center for several Solanaceous species, including potato. In 1995 and 1996, severe late blight epidemics occurred in wild Solanum species, e.g., Solanum brevifolium, growing in the transitional area between the highlands and the coastal tropical lowlands near the city of Quito. Sixteen isolates of Phytophthora infestans were collected in 1995 and 36 isolates in 1996. Of these, three from 1995 and four from 1996 were A2 mating type. Extensive and systematic sampling of commercial potato and tomato in Ecuador have failed to reveal the presence of the A2 mating type (G. A. Forbes, X. M. Escobar, C. C. Ayala, J. Revelo, M. E. Ordoñez, B. A. Fry, K. Doucet, and W. E. Fry, Phytopathology, in press.). Apparently the A2 mating type reported for the first time in Ecuador is only associated with wild Solanaceous spp. Further research is required to determine the consequences of this event for management of late blight in both potato and tomato, two important field crops in the Andean highlands.

scholarly journals Response of Local Potato Cultivars to Late Blight Disease (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary) under Field Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Rishav Pandit ◽  
Ravi Bhatta ◽  
Pooja Bhusal ◽  
Basistha Acharya ◽  
Subash Subedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Late Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Developing host resistance is an economic and long-term approach to disease management; however, resistance reactions that differ depending on the genotypes. Potato late blight is the devastating disease caused due to Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary.  In order to identify late blight resistance in potato genotypes, seven local potato cultivars (Bardiya Rato Local, Bardiya Seto Local, Cardinal, Deukhuri Rato Local, Deukhuri Seto Local, Kailali Local and Khumal Ujjowal) were evaluated in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during October 2018 to January 2019 on naturally infested soils in Deukhuri, Dang, Nepal. Results showed that significantly the highest disease incidence (99.17%), and the highest disease severity (88%) were found on Cardinal followed by Deukhuri Rato Local (64%), and Deukhuri Seto Local (60%). Potato cultivar namely Khumal Ujjowal was moderately resistant, whereas Deukhuri Rato local and Deukhuri Seto Local were susceptible to late blight disease. Significantly the highest yield (12.67 t ha-1) was produced by Khumal Ujjowal followed by Bardiya Rato Local (10.78 t ha-1) and Bardiya Seto Local (9.40 t ha-1). The disease incidence and Area under disease progressive curve (AUDPC) value was negatively co-related with the tuber yield. The potato cultivar Khumal Ujjowal followed by Bardiya Rato Local were found moderately resistant to late blight disease in Deukhuri conditions. This study suggests that potato cultivar Bardiya Rato Local can be grown for higher tuber production in Dang and similar topographic regions.

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