Petasiger Dietz, 1909 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) in Birds and Mollusks from Brazil

Species of Petasiger Dietz, 1909 are intestinal trematodes of aquatic birds. Despite the diversity of described species in Europe and North America, only two South American species are known and no species have been previously reported in birds from Brazil. During a study of helminths recovered from the Least Grebe, Tachybaptus dominicus(Linnaeus, 1766), from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, adult trematodes identified as Petasiger novemdecim Lutz, 1928 were found. The prevalence of infection was 55% (5/9), and the mean intensity of infection was 8 (1-32) parasites. Additionally, Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848) and Biomphalaria tenagophila (d'Orbigny, 1835) obtained from aquatic collections in the same state were found to harbor two species of echinostome cercariae of the Magnacauda group. These cercariae developed into metacercariae in experimentally infected Poecilia reticulataPeters, 1859. Attempts to obtain adult parasites in vertebrate host models (mice, chickens, ducks and canaries) were unsuccessful. The present study is the first report of Petasiger in Brazilian birds and the first morphological description of larvae of these parasites in Brazilian mollusks. Taxonomic aspects related to South American species ofPetasiger are discussed. It is suggested that, based on significant morphological differences observed in larval stages (i.e., larval dimensions) and adult parasites (i.e., disposition of the testes),Petasiger caribbensis Nassi, 1980 should be reconsidered as a distinct species from P. novemdecim.

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Morfología comparada de diez taxones del género Celtis (Cannabaceae) del Cono Sur Sudamericano

Darwiniana nueva serie ◽

10.14522/darwiniana.2021.91.936 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 217-244

Author(s):

Débora C. Chamorro ◽

Henrique B. Zamengo ◽

Virginia Y. Mogni ◽

Roseli B. Torres ◽

André L. Gaglioti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Morphological Plasticity ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Morphological Description ◽

South American ◽

South American Species ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Specimen Collection ◽

Morphological Differences

The genus Celtis L. (Cannabaceae) comprises around 73 species distributed in temperate and tropical regions of both hemispheres. Most South American species belong to the subgenus Mertensia Planch., and they are characterized by showing high morphological plasticity. A recent taxonomic revision of this group was carried out with an excessively reductionist criterion regarding the number of accepted species and that does not clearly reflect the morphological differences among them. In order to contribute to the correct delimitation of the specific entities, a morpho-descriptive approach is presented for ten taxa of the genus Celtis (C. brasiliensis, C. chichape, C. clausseniana, C. fluminensis, C. pallida var. pallida, C pallida var. discolor, C. serratissima, C. spinosa, C. spinosissima and C. tala) growing in South American Southern Cone. The morphology was analyzed through the use of a stereomicroscope and/or the tpsDig program for digital images of specimens. As a result, a key is provided for the determination of the aforementioned species and a detailed morphological description of the vegetative (habit, bark, branches, spines, brachyblasts, indumentum and leaves) and reproductive structures (inflorescences, flowers, fruits and endocarp -pyrene-). In addition, a specimen collection guide is proposed with a list of the main morphological characters that should be observed in the field, to facilitate future identifications.

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Notes on Campylocentrum (Vandeae; Epidendroideae; Orchidaceae): Re-establishment of two South American species

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.204.1.8 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 204 (1) ◽

pp. 85 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edlley M. Pessoa ◽

Marccus Alves

Keyword(s):

Distinct Species ◽

Identification Key ◽

South American ◽

South American Species ◽

New Synonyms ◽

Morphological Differences

During research for a taxonomical review of Campylocentrum, two South American species, C. kuntzei, described from Bolivia, and C. mattogrossense from Brazil, previously considered synonyms of Campylocentrum micranthum or C. robustum, were recognized as distinct species. This study reinforces the significant morphological differences among the taxa and proposes their re-establishment. Descriptions and illustrations, in addition to typifications, new synonyms, an identification key and their conservation statuses are provided.

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Hysterionica chamomilloides (Asteraceae: Astereae) a new species from the grassland ecosystem of Río de La Plata

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.482.1.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 482 (1) ◽

pp. 36-44

Author(s):

LEONARDO PAZ DEBLE

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Morphological Description ◽

Similar Species ◽

South American ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

South American Species ◽

Field Surveys ◽

Mountainous Regions ◽

A New Species

Hysterionica s.l. (including Neja) comprises ca. 15 species distributed mainly in the grasslands of southern Brazil, Uruguay, central and northern Argentina and Southern Paraguay. Based on field surveys, study of nomenclatural types and other specimens, and review of literature, a new species is proposed here, Hysterionica chamomilloides, endemic of mountainous regions of northern Uruguay, and southwestern Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. This work provides a detailed morphological description of the new species, information on its geographic distribution, habitat, phenology, conservation status, and discusses the main differences between H. chamomilloides and the morphologically most similar species. Illustrations, images and a key to the South American species of Hysterionica are also supplied.

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A taxonomic revision of Zamia montana and Zamia oligodonta, with notes on their conservation status

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.192.4.5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 192 (4) ◽

pp. 279

Author(s):

Michael Calonje ◽

GUSTAVO MORALES ◽

CRISTINA LÓPEZ-GALLEGO ◽

FRANCISCO JAVIER ROLDÁN

Keyword(s):

Conservation Status ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Field Studies ◽

South American ◽

South American Species ◽

Western Cordillera ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

High Elevations

The taxonomy of Zamia montana and Z. oligodonta, two poorly understood species occurring at high elevations in the Western Cordillera of Colombia, is discussed. Zamia oligodonta was recently synonymized under Z. montana, but information derived from recent field studies is provided showing the two species are quite distinct. A treatment of both species is presented, including discussion of the major morphological differences between them and also between other South American species with prominently-veined leaflets. The conservation status of both species is evaluated.

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Pollen morphology and its systematic value to southern South American species of Lepidaploa (Vernonieae: Asteraceae)

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/2175-7860202172017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 72 ◽

Author(s):

Danilo Marques ◽

Gisela Mariel Via do Pico ◽

Jimi Naoki Nakajima ◽

Massimiliano Dematteis

Keyword(s):

Pollen Morphology ◽

Pollen Grain ◽

South American ◽

Prolate Spheroidal ◽

South American Species ◽

Pollen Type ◽

Oblate Spheroidal ◽

Pollen Types ◽

Type C ◽

Morphological Differences

Abstract Palynological data have been used in Vernonieae for generic and specific delimitations, particularly in the Lepidaploinae subtribe. For this reason, pollen studies in the genus Lepidaploa are important to solve taxonomic conflicts. We characterized 23 species of Lepidaploa searching for morphological differences among themselves. We then compared the data obtained with other genera of the Lepidaploinae. The results show that the species have pollen type “C” (with polar lacuna) or “G” (without polar lacuna), oblate-spheroidal, subprolate or prolate-spheroidal, 3-colporate and equinolophate. The pollen types and shape of pollen grain are taxonomically useful. Pollen morphology is useful to distinguish species and genera of Lepidaploinae. Together with macromorphological data it is possible to delimit Lepidaploa and the species studied here.

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A scanning electron microscopic study of the veliger larvae of the scallop argopecten purpuratus

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100103486 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 284-285

Author(s):

G.C. Bellolio ◽

K.S. Lohrmann ◽

E.M. Dupré

Keyword(s):

Morphological Description ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽

The Pacific ◽

Argopecten Purpuratus ◽

Veliger Larvae ◽

20 Nm ◽

Ethanol Series ◽

Scanning Electron

Argopecten purpuratus is a scallop distributed in the Pacific coast of Chile and Peru. Although this species is mass cultured in both countries there is no morphological description available of the development of this bivalve except for few characterizations of some larval stages described for culture purposes. In this work veliger larvae (app. 140 pm length) were examined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) in order to study some aspects of the organogenesis of this species.Veliger larvae were obtained from hatchery cultures, relaxed with a solution of MgCl2 and killed by slow addition of 21 glutaraldehyde (GA) in seawater (SW). They were fixed in 2% GA in calcium free artificial SW (pH 8.3), rinsed 3 times in calcium free SW, and dehydrated in a graded ethanol series. The larvae were critical point dried and mounted on double scotch tape (DST). To permit internal view, some valves were removed by slightly pressing and lifting the tip of a cactus spine wrapped with DST, The samples were coated with 20 nm gold and examined with a JEOL JSM T-300 operated at 15 KV.

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A scanning electron microscopic study of the eggs of Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100128705 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 884-885 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. A. Nunamaker ◽

C. E. Nunamaker ◽

B. C. Wick

Keyword(s):

Distinct Species ◽

Hemorrhagic Disease ◽

Insect Vector ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Important Species ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽

Laboratory Colony ◽

Culicoides Variipennis ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Scanning Electron

Culicoides variipennis (Coquillett) is probably the most economically important species of biting midge in the U.S. due to its involvement in the transmission of bluetongue (BT) disease of sheep, cattle and ruminant wildlife, and epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) of deer. Proposals have been made to recognize the eastern and western populations of this insect vector as distinct species. Others recommend use of the term “variipennis complex” until such time that the necessary biosystematic studies have been made to determine the genetic nature and/or minute morphological differences within the population structure over the entire geographic range of the species. Increasingly, students of ootaxonomy are relying on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to assess chorionic features. This study was undertaken to provide comparative chorionic data for the C. variipennis complex.Culicoides variipennis eggs were collected from a laboratory colony maintained in Laramie, Wyoming.

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Cnidochloa: A New Genus of Grasses from Brazil (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae)

Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden ◽

10.3417/2020560 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 105 (2) ◽

pp. 183-194

Author(s):

Fernando O. Zuloaga ◽

Sandra S. Aliscioni ◽

M. Amalia Scataglini

Keyword(s):

New Genus ◽

Phylogenetic Position ◽

South American ◽

The South ◽

South American Species ◽

Molecular Characters

Generic boundaries of the South American species Panicum longipedicellatum Swallen are explored and compared with allied genera of the tribe Paniceae. On the basis of morphological, anatomical, and molecular characters a new genus, Cnidochloa Zuloaga, is proposed. The phylogenetic position of the new genus within the Paniceae is evaluated.

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