scholarly journals Lymphocytic meningoencephalomyelitis associated with Myxobolus sp. (Bivalvulidae: Myxozoa) infection in the Amazonian fish Eigenmannia sp. (Sternopygidae: Gymnotiformes)

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ledamir Sindeaux Neto ◽  
Michele Velasco ◽  
José Mauro Vianna da Silva ◽  
Patricia de Fátima Saco dos Santos ◽  
Osimar Sanches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Administrative District ◽  
Amazon Estuary ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

Abstract The genus Myxobolus, parasites that infect fishes, which cause myxobolosis, includes spore organisms belonging to the phylum Myxozoa and represents approximately 36% of all species described for the entire phylum. This study describes lymphocytic meningoencephalomyelitis associated with Myxobolus sp. infection in the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system, CNS) of Eigenmannia sp., from the Amazon estuary region, in the Administrative District of Outeiro (DAOUT), Belém, Pará, Brazil. In May and June 2015, 40 Eigenmannia sp. specimens were captured from this region and examined. The fish were anesthetized, slaughtered and dissected for sexing (gonad evaluation) and studying parasites and cysts; after diagnosing the presence of the myxozoans using a light microscope, small fragments of the brain and spinal cord were removed for histological processing and Hematoxylin-Eosin and Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Histopathological analysis of the brain and spinal cord, based on histological sections stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin, pronounced and diffuse edema in these tissues, and congestion, degeneration, and focal necrosis of the cerebral cortex. The present study describes lymphocytic meningoencephalomyelitis associated with infection by Myxobolus sp. in the central nervous system of Eigenmannia sp.

The Loss of Function Following on Lesions of the Central Nervous System [Ueber Die Ausfallerscheinungen nach Läsionen Des Central Nervensystems]. (Neurol. Cbl., Nr. 13, 1907.) Rothmann, Max

1908 ◽  
Vol 54 (225) ◽  
pp. 146-148
Author(s):  
William W. Ireland
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lower Portion ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Central Lesions

Rothmann points out how important it is to surgeons that the localisation of lesions in the brain and spinal cord should be made with the utmost accuracy. In many cases diseases do not strike suddenly upon a nervous system previously intact. Often the circulation has been previously deranged by arterial sclerosis, which prepares the way for transitory hemiplegia or aphasia. Sometimes there is loss of function after central lesions, which disappears in longer or shorter time. Goltz and his followers have treated many effects following the extirpation of the whole or part of the cerebrum as due to what they call inhibition (Hemmung). Thus the functions of the spinal cord are much impaired after removal of the cerebral ganglia, or the lower portion of the cord loses its reflex function after section higher up, but after a while it again resumes its act$ibon.

Electrophysiology of the central and peripheral nervous systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 5785-5802
Author(s):  
Christian Krarup
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Conduction Studies ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
The Core ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

This chapter looks at electrophysiological studies of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system—the core investigations in clinical neurophysiology. These include electroencephalography, which is of value to diagnose epilepsy caused by focal or diffuse brain diseases, electromyography and nerve conduction studies, which are of value to diagnose diseases in nerves and muscles, and evoked potentials, which are of value to diagnose diseases of white matter in the brain and spinal cord.

On the invasion of the central nervous system by nematodes I. The Incidence and pathological significance of nematodes in the central nervous system

Parasitology ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 45 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. A. Sprent
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Cellular Infiltration ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

A wide variety of nematode species have been observed to invade the central nervous system. They may be located in the meningeal spaces or may penetrate into the tissues of the brain and spinal cord.The pathological changes resulting from invasion of the central nervous system are influenced by the route of entry, the size and the mobility of the parasite. They may be diffuse or focal and may include haemorrhage, degenerative changes, cellular infiltration and glial proliferation. Such changes may or may not be observed in close association with the parasite.Symptoms indicating involvement of the central nervous system have long been associated with nematode infections outside the central nervous system. The pathogenesis of these symptoms is obscure, but they may possibly be of allergic origin.The direct pathological effects on the central nervous system are mainly the result of trauma and are directly proportional to the size and activity of the parasite. The possibility that nematodes may transport viruses into the central nervous system is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals I. On the physiological action of β lutidine

1881 ◽  
Vol 32 (212-215) ◽  
pp. 162-170
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Physiological Action ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

In studying the physiological action of β lutidine the greater number of our experiments were made upon the frog, and more particularly related to the action of this substance upon the heart and central nervous system; our other experiments upon the different organs being for the better interpretation of the action upon these two. Heart . In all cases we first destroyed the brain and spinal cord of the frog by pithing, and with the smallest possible loss of blood. Hence none of the results obtained could be due to the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Uveitis Associated with Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Woolfenden ◽  
N.K. Wade ◽  
P. Tang ◽  
A. Chalmers ◽  
G. Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Oral Prednisone ◽  
Cerebral Angiogram ◽  
Primary Angiitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Pulse Methylprednisolone Therapy

Background:In Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System (PACNS), disease is typically limited to the brain and spinal cord although other organs may be affected. Uveitis is occasionally seen in systemic vasculitides but is not a recognized manifestation of PACNS. We describe two patients who developed PACNS following the onset of uveitis.Case Descriptions:Case 1-A 47-year-old male suffered multiple TIAs and left pontine stroke shortly after two episodes of diffuse uveitis. A cerbral angiogram demonstrated multiple caliber changes within several intracranial vessels. Cyclophosphamide was added after his stroke occurred during pulse methylprednisolone therapy. Case 2- A 35-year-old male suffered a spinal cord TIA followed by hemispheric and brainstem infarctions two months after an episode of uveitis and Bell's palsy treated with oral prednisone. A cerebral angiogram demonstrated multiple caliber changes within several intracranial vessels. He was successfully treated with oral prednisone and cyclophosphamide.Conclusions:Uveitis should be considered a recognized feature of PACNS. Combination immunosuppressive therapy with prednisone and cyclophosphamide may be necessary for successful treatment.

scholarly journals Anatomical examination of the external bundle of the base of the cerebral peduncle (the so-called Türck bundle)

2020 ◽  
Vol VI (3) ◽  
pp. 141-161
Author(s):  
A. V. Gerver
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Peduncle ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Not a single human organ, as well as higher animals, presents such a difficulty in studying as the brain and spinal cord. Each section of the central nervous system, even relatively insignificant in size, is an independent anatomical unit and requires a detailed and accurate study.

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