The Right of a Party to Administrative Proceedings to Obtain a Properly Prepared Administrative Decision

2020 ◽  
Vol 2(22) ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Jakub Szremski
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Administrative Process ◽  
A Value ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
Administrative Proceedings ◽  
The Right ◽  
Procedural Rights

The right of a party to administrative proceedings to obtain a properly prepared administrative decision is a value resulting from the principle of a democratic state ruled by law, as well as the right of an individual to the administrative process. From this general value, the addressee of this act will have specific procedural rights: the right to conclude all elements of the decision; the right to know the comprehensive justification for taking a specific decision – important from the point of view of the possibility of challenging the decision by means of appeal; the right to justify any decision – even a positive decision.

scholarly journals OBRIGATORIEDADE DE OBSERVÂNCIA DO PRINCÍPIO DO JULGADOR NATURAL NA SINDICÂNCIA E NO PROCESSO ADMINISTRATIVO DISCIPLINAR: EFETIVAÇÃO DO DIREITO E GARANTIA FUNDAMENTAL COMO FORMA DE ACESSO À JUSTIÇA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (58) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Juan Fernando Durán ALBA ◽  
Ivan Aparecido RUIZ ◽  
Horácio MONTESCHIO
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Due Process ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Administrative Process ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Administrative Proceedings ◽  
The Right

RESUMO Objetivo: O presente artigo tem por objetivo fazer uma reflexão sobre a obrigatoriedade de observância do princípio do julgador natural também na sindicância e no processo administrativo disciplinar, como forma de efetivar o direito e garantia fundamental na consecução do acesso à Justiça. Metodologia: A proteção aos direitos fundamentais exerce forte influência na elaboração dos textos legislativos, não ficando restrita à sua abrangência as práticas do Poder Executivo. Desta forma, a proteção dos direitos fundamentais e sua aplicação imediata representa um dos baluartes do Estado Democrático de Direito, para tanto, as reflexões serão pautadas na legislação, doutrina e decisão dos tribunais do Brasil. Resultados: Conclui-se que não deve haver comissões temporárias ad hoc constituídas após os fatos faltos, devendo haver comissões permanentes constituídas na Administração Pública. As comissões temporárias ad hoc normalmente são verdadeiras “comissões de encomenda”, prejudicando os direitos e garantias fundamentais e também os princípios da Administração Pública; ou seja, o princípio da legalidade, o princípio da moralidade, o princípio da eficiência e o princípio da impessoalidade além de outros princípios, como o princípio do devido processual legal e o princípio da segurança jurídica. Sem a observância desses princípios, não se pode tratar sobre o acesso à justiça de forma plena, útil e eficiente em que haja Justiça nas decisões. Contribuições:O entendimento claro sobre a inexistência do juízo ou tribunal de exceção no Brasil, bem como a possibilidade de aplicação do princípio do juiz natural na sindicância e no processo administrativo disciplinar. A Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, no seu art. 5°., inc. XXXVII, afirma que não haverá juízo ou tribunal de exceção. Em virtude desta norma, a contrario sensu, decorre o princípio do juiz natural. Muitos estudiosos do Direito entendem que essa norma só se aplica ao processo judicial. No entanto, defende-se, no presente texto, que o referido princípio coexiste no processo administrativo e deve ser observado obrigatoriamente na sindicância e no processo administrativo disciplinar, devendo a comissão que desenvolverá toda atividade processual, principalmente a fase de instrução, ser constituída antes da ocorrência dos fatos apontados como infrações disciplinares e sujeitas à sanção administrativa. Palavras-chave: princípio do juiz natural; sindicância e processo administrativo disciplinar; comissão nomeada previamente; nulidade processual; violação de direito e garantia fundamental. ABSTRACT Objective: To reflect on the mandatory observance of the principle of the natural judge also in the investigation and in the disciplinary administrative process as a way of making the right and fundamental guarantee in achieving access to Justice. Methodology: The protection of fundamental rights has a strong influence on the drafting of legislative texts and the practices of the Executive Power are not restricted to its scope. The protection of fundamental rights and their immediate application represents one of the fundamentals of the Democratic State of Law, therefore the reflections will be guided by the legislation, doctrine and decision of the courts of Brazil. Results: There should be no temporary ad hoc commissions constituted after the fault facts; there must be permanent commissions constituted in the Public Administration. Temporary ad hoc commissions are usually true "commission orders", undermining fundamental rights and guarantees and also the principles of Public Administration; that is, the principle of legality, the principle of morality, the principle of efficiency and the principle of impersonality in addition to other principles, such as the principle of due process of law and the principle of legal certainty. Without the observance of these principles it is not possible to deal with access to Justice in a full, useful and efficient way in which there is justice in decisions. Contributions:A clear understanding of the absence of an exception court or tribunal in Brazil, as well as the possibility of applying the principle of the natural judge in the investigation and in the disciplinary administrative process. The Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988 in its article 5, paragraph XXXVII, states that there will be no exception court or tribunal. By virtue of this rule, in contrario sensu, the principle of the natural judge arises. Many law scholars understand that this rule only applies to judicial proceedings. However, it is defended in this paper that such principle co-exists in the disciplinary administrative process; the commission that will develop all procedural activity, mainly the investigation phase, will be constituted before the occurrence of the facts identified as disciplinary infractions and subject to administrative sanction. Keywords: principle of the natural judge; investigation and disciplinary administrative proceedings; previously appointed commission; procedural nullity; violation of rights and fundamental guarantee.

Legislative Proposals for Reversing the Cancer Epidemic and Controlling Run-Away Industrial Technologies

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel S. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
Legislative Proposals ◽  
Democratic Rights ◽  
Genetically Engineered Food ◽  
The Right

An interlocking legislative complex is proposed for the control of carcinogenic and other adverse impacts of established run-away petrochemical and radionuclear technologies, with particular reference to winning the losing war against cancer. These proposals are also applicable to the poorly recognized, potentially adverse public health and environmental hazards of emerging technologies, particularly genetically engineered food production. The proposals embody fundamental democratic rights—the right to know and balanced and transparent decision making—the “Precautionary Principle,” reduction in the use of toxics, incentives for the development of safe industrial technologies, and criminal sanctions for suppression or manipulation of information.

P–477 The child’s right to know vs. the parents’ right not to tell: the attitudes of couples undergoing fertility treatments towards identity-release gamete donation

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Simas ◽  
D Braga ◽  
A Setti ◽  
R Melamed ◽  
A Iaconell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Gamete Donation ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Gamete Donor ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Study question Do couples undergoing assisted reproduction treatments (ART) have a different perception of anonymous vs identity-release gamete donation than a population interested in the subject? Summary answer Compared with a population interested in the subject, more couples undergoing ART believed the child shouldn’t be given information that would identify the gamete-donor. What is known already Recent research has investigated the psychological well-being of parents and children born through gamete donation, focusing on the possibility of having the donor’s identity revealed. Gamete donors have traditionally been anonymous to recipients and offspring; however, there is a global trend towards programs using donors that are identifiable to the resulting offspring at maturity. While some countries only allow the use of identity-release egg donation, others only allow anonymous-donation, and in some countries both types of donation are practiced. However, the attitudes concerning anonymous vs identity-release gamete donation, in a country where only anonymous donation is allowed, are still unknown. Study design, size, duration This cross-sectional study was performed from 01/Sep/2020 to 15/Dec/2020. For that, surveys through online-platforms were conducted, including either patients undergoing ART, (ART-group, n = 358) or those interested in the subject, who accessed the website of a university-affiliated IVF-center (interested-group, n = 122). Participants in the ART-group were invited via e-mail, with a cover-letter outlining the survey and a link to access it and participants in the interested-group accessed the questionnaire via website. Participants/materials, setting, methods The survey collected information on demographic characteristics and the participant’s attitudes towards anonymity of gamete donors. The questions were: (i) In the case of children conceived through ART, do you believe that revealing the method of conception may affect the relationship between children and their parents? (ii) Once the method of conception is revealed, do you believe that the child has the right to know the gamete donor? (iii) If yes, when? Main results and the role of chance Most of the participants answered that the relationship between children and parents wouldn’t be affected by the child’s knowledge of the origin of their conception, regardless of the group (83.6% vs 82.7%, for ART-group and interested-group, respectively, p = 0.868). Most participants in the ART-group answered that the sperm donor identity shouldn’t be revealed to the child, while only half of the interested-group stated the same (65.4% vs 50.8%, p = 0.044). The same result was observed when participants were asked if the oocyte donor should be identifiable (64.8% vs 50.8%, p = 0.050). When asked when the donor’s identity should be revealed to the child, no significant differences were noted in the responses among the groups (p = 0.868). Most of the participants who believe that the child has the right of learning the donor’s identity, stated that “the donor’s identity should be revealed if the child questions its biological origin” (67.2% vs 67.5%, for ART-group and interested-group, respectively). “Since birth” was the second most common response, (21.0% vs 19.7%, for ART-group and interested-group, respectively), while “when the child turns 18 years-old” (9.2% vs 11.2%, for ART-group and interested-group, respectively), and “sometime during teenage years” (2.5% vs 2.4%, for ART-group and interested-group, respectively) were less common answers. Limitations, reasons for caution Lack of adequate opportunities to conduct face to face interview and lack of knowledge of the real state of the website participants, concerning infertility or being involved in ART. The retrospective nature of the study and the small sample size may also be reasons for caution, Wider implications of the findings: It has been discussed that, whether or not children or parents are harmed by knowing their biological origins, donor offspring have the right to know. However, when facing the situation, couples undergoing ART would argue that in case of gamete donation, there are reasons for not telling the child. Trial registration number Not applicable

The Right to Know Why

1926 ◽  
Vol 104 (23) ◽  
pp. 595-596
Author(s):  
A. W. Burr
Keyword(s):  
Right To Know ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
The Right
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