scholarly journals OBRIGATORIEDADE DE OBSERVÂNCIA DO PRINCÍPIO DO JULGADOR NATURAL NA SINDICÂNCIA E NO PROCESSO ADMINISTRATIVO DISCIPLINAR: EFETIVAÇÃO DO DIREITO E GARANTIA FUNDAMENTAL COMO FORMA DE ACESSO À JUSTIÇA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (58) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Juan Fernando Durán ALBA ◽  
Ivan Aparecido RUIZ ◽  
Horácio MONTESCHIO
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Due Process ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Administrative Process ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Administrative Proceedings ◽  
The Right

RESUMO Objetivo: O presente artigo tem por objetivo fazer uma reflexão sobre a obrigatoriedade de observância do princípio do julgador natural também na sindicância e no processo administrativo disciplinar, como forma de efetivar o direito e garantia fundamental na consecução do acesso à Justiça. Metodologia: A proteção aos direitos fundamentais exerce forte influência na elaboração dos textos legislativos, não ficando restrita à sua abrangência as práticas do Poder Executivo. Desta forma, a proteção dos direitos fundamentais e sua aplicação imediata representa um dos baluartes do Estado Democrático de Direito, para tanto, as reflexões serão pautadas na legislação, doutrina e decisão dos tribunais do Brasil. Resultados: Conclui-se que não deve haver comissões temporárias ad hoc constituídas após os fatos faltos, devendo haver comissões permanentes constituídas na Administração Pública. As comissões temporárias ad hoc normalmente são verdadeiras “comissões de encomenda”, prejudicando os direitos e garantias fundamentais e também os princípios da Administração Pública; ou seja, o princípio da legalidade, o princípio da moralidade, o princípio da eficiência e o princípio da impessoalidade além de outros princípios, como o princípio do devido processual legal e o princípio da segurança jurídica. Sem a observância desses princípios, não se pode tratar sobre o acesso à justiça de forma plena, útil e eficiente em que haja Justiça nas decisões. Contribuições:O entendimento claro sobre a inexistência do juízo ou tribunal de exceção no Brasil, bem como a possibilidade de aplicação do princípio do juiz natural na sindicância e no processo administrativo disciplinar. A Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, no seu art. 5°., inc. XXXVII, afirma que não haverá juízo ou tribunal de exceção. Em virtude desta norma, a contrario sensu, decorre o princípio do juiz natural. Muitos estudiosos do Direito entendem que essa norma só se aplica ao processo judicial. No entanto, defende-se, no presente texto, que o referido princípio coexiste no processo administrativo e deve ser observado obrigatoriamente na sindicância e no processo administrativo disciplinar, devendo a comissão que desenvolverá toda atividade processual, principalmente a fase de instrução, ser constituída antes da ocorrência dos fatos apontados como infrações disciplinares e sujeitas à sanção administrativa. Palavras-chave: princípio do juiz natural; sindicância e processo administrativo disciplinar; comissão nomeada previamente; nulidade processual; violação de direito e garantia fundamental. ABSTRACT Objective: To reflect on the mandatory observance of the principle of the natural judge also in the investigation and in the disciplinary administrative process as a way of making the right and fundamental guarantee in achieving access to Justice. Methodology: The protection of fundamental rights has a strong influence on the drafting of legislative texts and the practices of the Executive Power are not restricted to its scope. The protection of fundamental rights and their immediate application represents one of the fundamentals of the Democratic State of Law, therefore the reflections will be guided by the legislation, doctrine and decision of the courts of Brazil. Results: There should be no temporary ad hoc commissions constituted after the fault facts; there must be permanent commissions constituted in the Public Administration. Temporary ad hoc commissions are usually true "commission orders", undermining fundamental rights and guarantees and also the principles of Public Administration; that is, the principle of legality, the principle of morality, the principle of efficiency and the principle of impersonality in addition to other principles, such as the principle of due process of law and the principle of legal certainty. Without the observance of these principles it is not possible to deal with access to Justice in a full, useful and efficient way in which there is justice in decisions. Contributions:A clear understanding of the absence of an exception court or tribunal in Brazil, as well as the possibility of applying the principle of the natural judge in the investigation and in the disciplinary administrative process. The Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988 in its article 5, paragraph XXXVII, states that there will be no exception court or tribunal. By virtue of this rule, in contrario sensu, the principle of the natural judge arises. Many law scholars understand that this rule only applies to judicial proceedings. However, it is defended in this paper that such principle co-exists in the disciplinary administrative process; the commission that will develop all procedural activity, mainly the investigation phase, will be constituted before the occurrence of the facts identified as disciplinary infractions and subject to administrative sanction. Keywords: principle of the natural judge; investigation and disciplinary administrative proceedings; previously appointed commission; procedural nullity; violation of rights and fundamental guarantee.

RECOURSE PERIOD TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE COURT THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE SUPREME COURT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Balakarieva ◽  
◽  
Krystyna Rutvian ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Due Process ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Judicial Errors ◽  
The One ◽  
Administrative Proceedings ◽  
The Right

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of regulating the recourse period to the administrative court from the point of view of due process. Clear up the issue to what extent the consolidation and regulation of the recourse period qualifies the requirements of the legal procedure, namely: clear legislative regulation; inadmissibility of violation of the rights, freedoms and interests of the parties; clear structuredness and regulation. The scientific work investigates the essence of the term circulation term and considers the feasibility of introducing it. An attempt was also made to compare the recourse period with the limitation, arguments are given why the introduction of the terms of appeal in administrative proceedings is not identical to the limitation in civil proceedings. Different positions are considered, referring to the practice of the Supreme Court and the opinions of scientists, why, on the one hand, the limitation cannot be introduced in the administrative process from the point of view of the principle of legal certainty, and on the other hand, how the recourse period violates the right to access to justice. The main attention is paid to the role of the Supreme Court in the formation of approaches to the application of limitations. The concept of contra legem, which is inherent in the countries of the Anglo-Saxon legal family, is considered and is used in cases where there is a need to deviate from the enshrined norm at the legislative level in order to avoid literal application of the law and not make an absurd or unfair decision. The thesis is emphasized, despite the fact that the Supreme Court sometimes deviates from the formally prescribed norms, however, this is the essence of the cassation proceedings: it is an additional guarantee of the protection of subjective rights by correcting judicial errors, as well as a kind of judicial control. The specific decisions of the Supreme Court are considered, in which the approaches to the practice of applying the recourse period have been changed. On the basis of the decisions of the Supreme Court, it was investigated how the Supreme Court by its decisions affects and changes the recourse period fixed at the legislative level, the key positions of the Supreme Court are highlighted, which today are guiding for the subjects of appeal to the administrative court.

scholarly journals Undertaking Material and Technical Activities by Public Administration Bodies and the Right of an Individual to Be Heard

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 189-200
Author(s):  
Jakub Szremski
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Administrative Process ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Administrative Proceedings ◽  
The Right

The right of the individual to be heard is a principle that relates to both the right to a fair trial and the right to a trial. The adjudicating entity is required, regardless of whether it is a court or a public administration body, to enable the active participation of the entity in the proceedings. The right of an individual to be heard in the context of administrative law relates mainly to the procedural situation of a party to administrative proceedings. In jurisdictional administrative proceedings, a party is guaranteed a number of procedural tools to protect its rights. First of all, the party has the opportunity to actively participate in the ongoing administrative process. Provisions of administrative procedural law allow for the submission of evidence applications, explanations, participation in the taking of evidence, as well as access to the files of a pending administrative case. The right of the individual to be heard to a limited extent should also apply to material and technical activities. An individual should be guaranteed at least minimal procedural protection in a situation where administrative bodies perform material and technical activities directly affecting their legal situation.

The Right of a Party to Administrative Proceedings to Obtain a Properly Prepared Administrative Decision

2020 ◽  
Vol 2(22) ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Jakub Szremski
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Administrative Process ◽  
A Value ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
Administrative Proceedings ◽  
The Right ◽  
Procedural Rights

The right of a party to administrative proceedings to obtain a properly prepared administrative decision is a value resulting from the principle of a democratic state ruled by law, as well as the right of an individual to the administrative process. From this general value, the addressee of this act will have specific procedural rights: the right to conclude all elements of the decision; the right to know the comprehensive justification for taking a specific decision – important from the point of view of the possibility of challenging the decision by means of appeal; the right to justify any decision – even a positive decision.

Standardy należytego uzasadnienia w świetle orzecznictwa Trybunału Konstytucyjnego i Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka

2014 ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Przemysław Florjanowicz-Błachut
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Due Process ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Fair Trial ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
European Convention ◽  
European Court ◽  
Judicial Reasoning ◽  
The Right

The core function of the judiciary is the administration of justice through delivering judgments and other decisions. The crucial role for its acceptance and legitimization by not only lawyers, but also individulas (parties) and the hole society plays judicial reasoning. It should reflect on judge’s independence within the exercise of his office and show also judicial self-restraint or activism. The axiology and the standards of proper judicial reasoning are anchored both in constitutional and supranational law and case-law. Polish Constitutional Tribunal derives a duty to give reasoning from the right to a fair trial – right to be heard and bring own submissions before the court (Article 45 § 1 of the Constitution), the right to appeal against judgments and decisions made at first stage (Article 78), the rule of two stages of the court proceedings (Article 176) and rule of law clause (Article 2), that comprises inter alia right to due process of law and the rule of legitimate expactation / the protection of trust (Vertrauensschutz). European Court of Human Rights derives this duty to give reasons from the guarantees of the right to a fair trial enshrined in Article 6 § 1 of European Convention of Human Rights. In its case-law the ECtHR, taking into account the margin of appreciation concept, formulated a number of positive and negative requirements, that should be met in case of proper reasoning. The obligation for courts to give sufficient reasons for their decisions is also anchored in European Union law. European Court of Justice derives this duty from the right to fair trial enshrined in Articles 6 and 13 of the ECHR and Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. Standards of the courts reasoning developed by Polish constitutional court an the European courts (ECJ and ECtHR) are in fact convergent and coherent. National judges should take them into consideration in every case, to legitimize its outcome and enhance justice delivery.

scholarly journals Advocacy as a tool for the realization of the fundamental right of a person to professional legal assistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 240-243
Author(s):  
P. Badzeliuk
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
The State ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Entities

This article is devoted to the study of the implementation of the fundamental right of a person to professional legal assistance through the vectors of influence of the bar, the role of the human rights institution in the mechanism of such a right and its place in public life.An effective justice system provides not only an independent and impartial judiciary, but also an independent legal profession. Lawyers play an important role in ensuring access to justice. They facilitate the interaction between individuals and legal entities and the judiciary by providing legal advice to their clients and presenting them to the courts. Without the assistance of a lawyer, the right to a fair trial and the right to an effective remedy would be irrevocably violated.Thus, the bar in the mechanism of protection of human and civil rights and freedoms is one of the means of self-limitation of state power through the creation and active functioning of an independent human rights institution, which is an active subject in the process of fundamental rights. The main constitutional function of the state is to implement and protect the rights and freedoms of man and citizen, and the constitutional and legal status of the legal profession allows it to actively ensure the rights of civil society as a whole and not just the individual. Effectively implement the human rights function of the state by ensuring proper interaction between the authorities and civil society, while being an active participant in the law enforcement mechanism and occupying an independent place in the justice system.Thus, the activities of lawyers are a complex manifestation of both state and public interest. After all, it is through advocacy and thanks to it that the rule of law realizes the possibility of ensuring the rights and freedoms of its citizens. Advocacy, on the one hand, has a constitutionally defined state character, and on the other hand, lawyers should be as independent as possible from the state in order to effectively protect citizens and legal entities from administrative arbitrariness. Thus, the bar is a unique legal phenomenon that performs a state (public-law) function, while remaining an independent, non-governmental self-governing institution.

scholarly journals Orçamento público, ajuste fiscal e administração consensual

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessé Torres Pereira Junior ◽  
Thaí­s Boia Marçal
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Public Budget ◽  
Fiscal Responsibility ◽  
Fiscal Adjustment ◽  
Fiscal Adjustments ◽  
The Right

<p><strong>ORÇAMENTO PÚBLICO, AJUSTE FISCAL E ADMINISTRAÇÃO CONSENSUAL </strong></p><p><strong>Resumo:</strong> O estado pós-moderno compromete-se a efetivar os direitos fundamentais que a Constituição assegura aos cidadãos, sem exclusão, entre eles o direito à boa administração pública. É instrumento de conformação desta, no direito público contemporâneo brasileiro, a Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal, cuja edição completa 15 anos e em face da qual se promovem ajustes conciliadores das leis orçamentárias com a realidade socioeconômica em permanente mutação. Ajustes que devem resultar do diálogo entre as instituições representativas da sociedade, de sorte a conduzir a escolhas que serão tanto mais eficientes quanto pautadas na consensualidade.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chaves:</strong> Orçamento público. Ajuste fiscal. Administração pública dialógica. Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal.</p><p><strong>PUBLIC BUDGET, FISCAL ADJUSTMENT AND CONSENSUAL ADMINISTRATION</strong></p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> The postmodern state is guided to achieve fundamental rights, including the right for a good public administration. In such purpose, and to enable respect for fiscal responsibility law, it is imperative to carry out fiscal adjustments that allow the adequacy of budget laws to contemporaneous not stable socioeconomic contexts. These adjustments ought to be based on dialogue among institutions, in order to improve efficient choices grounded on consensualism.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Public budget. Fiscal adjustment. Dialogic public administration. Fiscal responsibility law.</p><p><strong>Data da submissão:</strong><strong> </strong>26/03/2016<strong>                   Data da aprovação: </strong>06/04/2016<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals eGovernment as an element of the right to good administration

2018 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Justyna Matusiak ◽  
Marcin Princ
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Reasonable Time ◽  
Charter Of Fundamental Rights ◽  
Right To Good Administration ◽  
Administrative Proceedings ◽  
The Right ◽  
Procedural Rights

The right to good administration constitutes an established principle of European Union law, which includes the procedural rights of stakeholders in administrative proceedings, the result of which may affect their interests. Article 41 of the European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights states that every person has the right to have his or her affairs handled impartially, fairly and within a reasonable time by the institutions and bodies of the Union. When it comes to reasonable time of handling the case one can ask if eGovernment solutions are the guarantee of such a right. eGovernment understood as the use of all kinds of electronic means of communication, in particular, however, the Internet, improves services provided by the state to its citizens. The usage of IT technology in public administration allows it to perform its activities in a more efficient way. This improvement applies not only to the communication between parties but also to the quality of citizens’ life. To sum up, one can ask the question if the European right to good administration can be understood as the right to eGovernment solutions and if so, to what extent. Which services and technical solutions should be guaranteed as ones ensuring challenges of good administration?

Judicial Review

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schillig
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Due Process ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Bank Resolution ◽  
The Us ◽  
Charter Of Fundamental Rights ◽  
Us Constitution ◽  
Takings Clause ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Eu

The exercise of extensive powers by authorities during the recovery and resolution process may interfere with constitutionally protected fundamental rights of stakeholder in a multitude of ways. Particularly relevant are the right to conduct a business and the right to property under the EU Charter of fundamental rights, as well as the takings clause under the US constitution. A balance needs to be struck between the aims and objectives of bank resolution and the rights of investors and the requirements of due process. This is normally achieved through expedited and limited judicial review. This chapter assesses whether and to what extent the respective procedures are in line with constitutional and fundamental rights requirements.

Administrative Procedure and Judicial Review in Germany

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Lilly Weidemann
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
Federal Statute ◽  
The Right ◽  
Substantive Law ◽  
Subjective Rights

This chapter explores administrative procedure and judicial review in Germany. The German Basic Law contains a guarantee of access to justice. According to section 40(1) of the Code of Administrative Court Procedure (CACP), recourse to the administrative courts shall be available in all public-law disputes of a non-constitutional nature insofar as the disputes are not explicitly allocated to another court by a federal statute. German administrative court procedure generally aims to protect subjective rights. In general, all measures taken by a public authority are subject to review by courts. This principle forms an essential part of the fundamental rights constitutionally guaranteed. Thus, no measure by the public administration is excluded from this guarantee. The infringement of a procedural provision with protective effects does not necessarily lead to the right of the applicant to have the decision quashed. This usually requires the infringement of a right of the appellant resulting from substantive law. Damages cannot be claimed within the same (administrative) court proceeding that aims to quash an administrative decision.

scholarly journals La incidencia de las nuevas tecnologías en el debido proceso.

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-199
Author(s):  
Miguel de Asis Pulido
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Due Process ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Of Access

The purpose of this paper is to study the incidence of new technologies in the judicial process from the perspective of due process. To achieve its objectives, it is important to analyze how the new tools in ICTs and Artificial Intelligence are influencing the rights that must be respected in the judicial and extrajudicial processes, such as the right of access to justice, the right to legal assistance or the right to an independent and impartial tribunal. To do this, the new technological developments are classified in six legal levels of intervention.

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