scholarly journals ETHNOCULTURAL SPACE OF THE POST-SOVIET COUNTRIES: THE COMPONENTS OF THE TERRITORIAL STRUCTURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
Andrei G. Manakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Contact Zone ◽  
Population Census ◽  
National State ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Methodological Tool ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Main Components

The collapse of the Soviet Union resulted in a radical ethnic transformation, the study of which requires the development of its own tools in geography. Drawing on the concept of geocultural space and geo-ethnocultural systems, the article proposes a methodological tool for identifying the main components of the territorial structure of the ethnocultural space of post-Soviet countries. The method was tested based on the results of the 2009–2011 population census rounds. It allows taking into account the proportion of the Russians and the titular population of national-state entities simultaneously. In total, we have identified eight main components of the territorial structure of the ethnocultural space of post-Soviet countries. Three of them reveal the structure of the Russian geo-ethnocultural system in the main territory of residence of the Russian ethnos in Russia (Russian ethnic core, contact zone, and inner periphery). The remaining five components reflect the degree of manifestation of the ethnic nuclei of national geo-ethnocultural systems while taking into account the influence of the Russian geo-ethnocultural system on them. In particular, within Russia, some national autonomies proved to pertain to a category of regions with a clear dominance of the Russian geo-ethnocultural system.

Political Culture and National Symbols: Their Impact on the Belarusian Nation-Building Process

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Sahm
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
National State ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Building Process ◽  
New States ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One

The new states emerging from the break-up of the Soviet Union not only had to manage the task of political and economic reforms but were also forced to develop a suitable national state ideology in order to ensure their achieved independence. The existence of a national consensus is essential for the stability of every state and society, and during periods of transition the question how national identity is defined becomes especially important. Thus, on the one hand, the dominance of a concrete national state concept may facilitate the transformation process because people are ready to bear the social costs of economic reforms in the name of state sovereignty, as was the case in Lithuania. On the other hand, a continuing Soviet cultural hegemony can also block necessary modernization in the post-Soviet period.

scholarly journals JERZY GIEDROYC AND THE UKRAINIAN QUESTION IN THE COLD WAR PERIOD

2018 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Іван Олександрович Бордюг
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Spheres Of Influence ◽  
Special Support ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Main Components ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
The Cold War

Despite efforts of the Soviet Union authorities to make Ukraine an integral part, historical circumstances and prominent personalities have influenced preservation of memory of its history and political ambitions. The end of the Second World War led to redistribution of spheres of influence between the two superpowers. Their relationships for a long period were characterized as the Cold War. In difficult conditions of ideological and political confrontation, several emigrant centers were formed; Paris was one of the most influential ones. Prolonged journalistic and socio-political activity of a brilliant intellectual Jerzy Giedroyc is associated with the French center of Polish emigrationThe article deals with the main components of Jerzy Giedroyc' activity as the editor of the journal "Culture". In fact, until the destruction of the Soviet Union, the journal remained the most authoritative in émigré and dissident circles. On its pages there was an intense literary, historical and political debate, and the representatives of the opposition forces of the Warsaw Pact were able to publish their work.The particular Giedroyc' merit is associated with a new formulation of the Ukrainian issue and the formation of the circle of supporters of its ideas. Due to his conception, the idea of Ukraine statehood received special support; it joined the efforts of Ukrainians and Poles to implement independence. The cooperation of the editor of "Culture" with the Ukrainian emigration was extremely productive, the term "Executed Renaissance ", as well as the idea of creating an anthology of works of representatives of this generation, belong to him.Jerzy Giedroyc together with accomplices developed the conception of the Central and Eastern Europe transformation to overcome totalitarianism, establish peace and democratic order. The pages of "Culture" published material substantiating the conceptions of the federation of the countries of the Inter-Sea (a federation of territories between the three seas - the Adriatic, Baltic and Black).Jerzy Giedroyc’s ideas were condemned in socialist Poland, and they were absolutely seditious in the Soviet Union. Despite ambiguous attitude towards the idea of the Ukrainian independence among the Polish figures, gradually, thanks to Jerzy Giedroyc activity, it found support in opposition circles of Poland.The evidence of efficiency of Giedroyc’s activity was «The Declaration on the Ukrainian Cause» signed by the representatives of the Polish, Russian, Czech and Hungarian emigration in 1977. The declaration later became the basis for the establishment of the national states in the CEE.

The Communist Theory of International Relations

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Martin Wight
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
National State ◽  
World State ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Formal Relations ◽  
The Cost ◽  
State Relations ◽  
Foreign Ministries

This essay analyses the distinctive effects of Marxist-Leninist ideology and Communist practice on states ruled by Communist parties and states with non-Communist or ‘bourgeois’ regimes. Communist regimes assert that they are historically destined to triumph over ‘capitalist’ and ‘imperialist’ governments. From 1917 to 1944, the Soviet Union was the sole Communist-governed state. Since 1944 there have been multiple Communist-ruled states. Such states generally have formal state-to-state relations in addition to Communist party-to-party relations. Non-Communist-ruled states may have oppositional relations with domestic and foreign Communist parties as well as formal relations with the foreign ministries of Communist-led states. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union has claimed that its decisions bind all Communist parties, but it has also accepted the primacy of a global gathering of Communist parties. Disputes among Communist parties over doctrine and interests that are theoretically congruent raise questions about the coherence of the ideology. Forming a Communist world-state to suppress national rivalries could offer a solution, but at the cost of abandoning national state sovereignties and the autonomy of specific Communist parties.

History, Memory and Nation Building in the Post-Soviet Colonial Space

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taras Kuzio
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
State Building ◽  
National Identities ◽  
National State ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Aspect ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Colonial Legacies

The disintegration of the Soviet Union in December 1991 led to the de-colonization of the world's last remaining empire. Taking this into account, this article seeks to argue two points. Firstly, many of the imperial policies imposed by the imperial core in the Soviet empire were similar in nature to those imposed by imperial powers in Ireland, Africa, and Asia. Secondly, the nation and state building policies of the post-Soviet colonial states are therefore similar to those adopted in many other post-colonial states because they also seek to remove some—or all—of the inherited colonial legacies. A central aspect of overcoming this legacy is re-claiming the past from the framework imposed by the former imperial core and thereby creating, or reviving, a national historiography that helps to consolidate the new national state. All states, including those traditionally defined as lying in the “civic West,” have in the past—and continue to—use national historiography, myths, and legends as a component of their national identities.

Review of Social Thought in the Soviet Union.

1969 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 516-516
Author(s):  
Morton Deutsch
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Social Thought ◽  
The Soviet Union
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