Perceptions and experiences of friendship and loneliness in adolescent males with high cognitive ability and autism spectrum disorder

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Jean Berns
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Adolescent Males ◽  
High Cognitive Ability

Change in Pragmatic Language in Infant-Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Retrospective Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Mallory Buckingham ◽  
Diana B. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Pragmatic Language ◽  
Autism Severity ◽  
Intervention Intensity ◽  
Child Age

This study examined the unique effects of child age at entry to services, autism severity, and cognitive ability, as well as intervention intensity, and total hours in predicting change in language of toddlers with autism receiving birth-to-three services. Only age at entry to services was found to have a large effect on language change.

The Effect of Prenatal Valproate Exposure in Serotonin Transporter Knockout Rats On Anxiety and Cognition: A Gene*Environment Interaction Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Caren L. August
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Starting Point

<p>Autism Spectrum Disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder which is often associated with increased anxiety and deficits in cognitive ability. The present research investigated a potential gene*environment interaction between two factors previously implicated in ASD in a rat model; prenatal exposure to valproate (VPA) and genetic reduction of the serotonin transporter (SERT). Wildtype and heterozygous SERT knockout rats prenatally exposed to VPA or saline on gestational day12.5 (G12.5) were assessed on measures of anxiety: elevated plus-maze and novelty suppressed-feeding and cognitive ability: prepulse inhibition and latent inhibition. A significant main effect was found for VPA exposure in all paradigms, showing increased anxiety-typical behaviour and abnormal cognitive ability. However, no significant effect of genotype or interaction was observed. Results from the present study do not confirm gene*environment interaction between prenatal VPA and heterozygous SERT knockout but this may be due to several factors that are discussed within the thesis. In any case, this study represents a starting point for further studies investigating other combinations of genetic and environmental factors as models of ASD pathogenesis.</p>

scholarly journals Maternal Serotonin Levels Are Associated With Cognitive Ability and Core Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 867-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia K. Montgomery ◽  
Lauren C. Shuffrey ◽  
Stephen J. Guter ◽  
George M. Anderson ◽  
Suma Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Core Symptoms

No Sex Differences in Cognitive Ability in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1770-1785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne W. Duvall ◽  
Lark Huang-Storms ◽  
Alison Presmanes Hill ◽  
Julianne Myers ◽  
Eric Fombonne
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Young Children With Autism

scholarly journals Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder of All Ages, Levels of Symptom Severity and General Cognitive Ability Display Low Processing Speed Index Scores Warranting Special Educational Assistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Linnenbank ◽  
R. Feldmann ◽  
G. Schulte-Körne ◽  
S. Beimdiek ◽  
E. Strittmatter
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
School Children ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
General Cognitive Ability ◽  
Children With Asd

AbstractThe processing speed index (PSI) of the Wechsler intelligence scale for children (WISC-IV) has been found to predict a child's level of academic functioning. The consistently reported PSI weakness in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) therefore warrants special assistance and attempts at compensation for the disadvantages associated with these children's low PSI. We investigated the association of PSI scores with age, general cognitive ability [as measured by full-scale IQ (FSIQ)], symptom severity and discrepancy between the WISC-IV indices verbal comprehension (VCI) and perceptual reasoning (PRI) in 101 school children with ASD. The PSI weakness in children with ASD was not related to age, FSIQ, VCI-PRI discrepancy or any of the symptom measures. These findings suggest that school children with ASD independent of their age, level of cognitive ability, VCI-PRI profile and most notably independent of their symptom severity should be entitled to special assistance and compensation in educational settings.

scholarly journals Self-reported social impairments predict depressive disorder in adults with autism spectrum disorder

Autism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talena C Day ◽  
Kathryn A McNaughton ◽  
Adam J Naples ◽  
James C McPartland
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Adults With Autism ◽  
Social Impairments ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder Group

In adults with autism spectrum disorder, co-occurring psychiatric conditions are prevalent, and depression is one of the most common co-occurring disorders. This study examined the relationship between depression and cognitive ability, autism symptom severity, and self-reported social impairments in autism spectrum disorder. A total of 33 adults with autism spectrum disorder and 28 adults with typical development completed a standardized psychiatric interview, cognitive test, measure of clinician-rated autism symptom severity, and self-report of social impairments. Nine participants with autism spectrum disorder (27%) met the criteria for a depressive disorder (autism spectrum disorder + depressive disorder). Relatively more females with autism spectrum disorder had a co-occurring depressive disorder. The typical development group had a higher intelligence quotient than the autism spectrum disorder group, but the autism spectrum disorder + depressive disorder group did not differ from the typical development or autism spectrum disorder group. While the autism spectrum disorder + depressive disorder group had lower clinician-rated autism symptom severity than the autism spectrum disorder group, the autism spectrum disorder + depressive disorder group reported more social impairments than the autism spectrum disorder group. Self-reported social impairments predicted depression in adults with autism spectrum disorder when accounting for symptom severity and cognitive ability. These findings suggest that more self-perceived social impairments are related to depressive disorders in autism spectrum disorder, and may help clinicians identify individuals who are vulnerable in developing a co-occurring depressive disorder. Future directions include follow-up studies with larger cohorts and longitudinal designs to support inferences regarding directionality of these relationships.

Variables Affecting Outcome of Early Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Ben-Itzchak ◽  
Ditza Zachor
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Severity ◽  
Behavior Skills ◽  
Adaptive Behavior Skills

AbstractHeterogeneity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is reflected in the child's characteristics, including clinical variability in the severity of autism symptoms, cognitive ability, and language skills. Also, substantial individual differences are apparent about treatment outcomes. The effects of early intervention in ASD constitute one of the important questions ASD researchers face today. To what extent do factors such as child and family characteristics, intervention approach, and specific treatment components, influence outcome? This review focused on which preintervention factors better predicted outcome in each of the different outcome measures used most frequently in ASD research, including autism severity, cognitive ability, and adaptive behavior skills. For outcome in autism severity, predictors included child's baseline age, cognitive ability, autism severity, and the type of treatment approach used. For cognitive gains, predictors included baseline autism severity, maternal and educational level, and the type and intensity of the treatment. For outcome in adaptive behavior skills, predictors included baseline cognitive ability, autism severity, maternal age, and the treatment approach and intensity. Future studies in this field should expand the scope of factors, look for more specific behaviors, and investigate the interplay between a child's characteristics, familial factors, and various treatment aspects that might affect the outcome of the intervention.

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