scholarly journals Environmental Factors Related to Non-compliant Health Behaviors in Urban-Dwelling Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-372
Author(s):  
Minkyung Park ◽  
Jisu Park ◽  
Sunhye Moon ◽  
Heejung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Hierarchical Multiple Regression ◽  
Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
Matter Concentration

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore non-compliant health behaviors among urban-dwelling elderly and identify related environmental factors.Methods: This study analyzed integrated data from the 2017 Korean National Survey on the elderly and 2017 Annual Report of Air Quality in Korea (N=3,198). In this study, health behaviors included seven recommendations for promoting health. Social and physical environmental factors were selected based on Bronfenbrenner’s ecosystem theory, including air quality as an environmental factor. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data while controlling for general characteristics of the elderly.Results: The average score for non-compliant health behaviors was 3.05±1.03 among seven health behaviors. Hierarchical multiple regression showed the environmental factors related to non-compliant health behaviors were social activity participation (β=.15, p＜.001); interactions with friends, neighbors, and acquaintances (β=.06, p=.002); access to institutions and facilities (β=.06, p=.001); and particulate matter concentration (β=-.10, p＜.001).Conclusion: Our study findings emphasized that social activity participation, interactions with significant others, access to institutions and facilities, and particulate matter concentration should be considered when developing ecological interventions to improve health behaviors among the urban-dwelling elderly.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF PARTICULATE MATTER CONCENTRATION IN THE AIR OF ŽVËRYNAS DISTRICT IN VILNIUS

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranas Baltrėnas ◽  
Jurgita Morkūnienė
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
Air Quality Assessment ◽  
Regular Measurement ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Matter Concentration

Reduction of pollution is among priority environmental problems in our country. Real‐time information about the air pollution in the biggest Lithuanian cities and industrical centers is received from the air quality stations every day. It is the main method for the air quality assessment. On the basis of this information it is possible to conclude that concentration of particles in some areas exceeds allowable limits. The concentration of particles in Žirmûnai and Žvërynas districts of Vilnius exceeds the limits too. Assessment of changes in this air quality indicator and forecasting their development is rather complicated as regular measurement of particulate matter concentration (with the particle diameter up to 10 μm) was started at Lithuanian air quality stations only in 2003. The paper describes the methodology of recording particle concentrations in Žvërynas district of Vilnius. The results of particle measurements are compared with a maximum allowable concentration (MAC) of the analyzed pollutant, the results of analysis are given in two‐ and three‐dimensional graphics.

scholarly journals An Urban Lagrangian Stochastic Dispersion Model for Simulating Traffic Particulate-Matter Concentration Fields

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Eyal Fattal ◽  
Hadas David-Saroussi ◽  
Ziv Klausner ◽  
Omri Buchman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Dispersion Pattern ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
Vertical Heterogeneity ◽  
Matter Concentration

The accumulated particulate matter concentration at a given vertical column due to traffic sources in urban area has many important consequences. This task, however, imposes a major challenge, since the problem of realistic pollutant dispersion in an urban environment is a very demanding task, both theoretically and computationally. This is mainly due to the highly inhomogeneous three dimensional turbulent flow regime in the urban canopy roughness sublayer, which is far from “local equilibrium” between shear production and dissipation. We present here a mass-consistent urban Lagrangian stochastic model for pollutants dispersion, where the flow field is modeled using a hybrid approach by which we model the surface layer based on the typical turbulent scales, both of the canopy and in the surface layer inertial sub-layer. In particular it relies on representing the canopy aerodynamically as a porous medium by spatial averaging the equations of motion, with the assumption that the canopy is laterally uniform on a scale much larger than the buildings but smaller than the urban block/neighbourhood, i.e., at the sub-urban-block scale. Choosing the spatial representative averaging volume allows the averaged variables to reflect the characteristic vertical heterogeneity of the canopy but to smooth out smaller scale spatial fluctuations caused as air flows in between the buildings. This modeling approach serves as the base for a realistic and efficient methodology for the calculation of the accumulated concentration from multiple traffic sources for any vertical column in the urban area. The existence of multiple traffic sources impose further difficulty since the computational effort required is very demanding for practical uses. Therefore, footprint analysis screening was introduced to identify the relevant part of the urban area which contributes to the chosen column. All the traffic sources in this footprint area where merged into several areal sources, further used for the evaluation of the concentration profile. This methodology was implemented for four cases in the Tel Aviv metropolitan area based on several selected summer climatological scenarios. We present different typical behaviors, demonstrating combination of source structure, urban morphology, flow characteristics, and the resultant dispersion pattern in each case.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the fine particulate matter concentration levels: Results from Bengaluru megacity, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 2140-2150
Author(s):  
V. Sreekanth ◽  
Meenakshi Kushwaha ◽  
Padmavati Kulkarni ◽  
Adithi R. Upadhya ◽  
B. Spandana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Matter Concentration ◽  
Concentration Levels

scholarly journals Fine particulate matter concentration and composition and the incidence of childhood asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 106486
Author(s):  
Éric Lavigne ◽  
Robert Talarico ◽  
Aaron van Donkelaar ◽  
Randall V. Martin ◽  
David M. Stieb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Matter Concentration
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