Multicultural Education: Ukrainian Challenges

Ukraine is a multinational and multicultural country. Though Ukrainian scientists have studied the issue of multicultural education from different aspects, nevertheless, there is no special or ideal model of multicultural education. That is why we decided to monitor the students’ multicultural education state at secondary schools of Ukraine. In order to identify the state of multicultural education in Ukrainian schools we conducted an empirical study in schools of Cherkasy region among primary, secondary and senior level students. The main method was determined as questionnaire, which is provided for clarification of issues of national-patriotic and multicultural orientation. Accordingly, questionnaires that combined quantitative and qualitative data collection were offered to the 4th, 6th and 11th grade students in some schools in Uman and Uman district, covering 296 respondents. Thus, the monitoring of the state of multicultural education in Ukrainian school education has shown that the problem of multicultural upbringing of children and young people is addressed at the government level, relevant research is conducted, some aspects of multiculturalism are observed in educational programs of some subjects, but the level of multicultural education of students should be higher.

Case Report: Digital analysis of occlusion with T-Scan Novus in occlusal splint treatment for a patient with bruxism

Bruxism is a disease with a multifactorial etiology. Its clinical manifestations are most often an unaesthetic smile with abraded tooth surfaces, temporomandibular disorders and muscle hyperactivity. Here we present a case of bruxism where proper articulation of the occlusal splint was performed using the T-scan Novus system. A patient with bruxism underwent treatment with stabilization splint made by 3D printer technology. Intraoral scanning was performed using Trios Color (3Shape, 2014), and the digital design was achieved using the 3Shape Dental system design - splint studio. Formlabs Form 2 printer with biocompatible resin Dental LT Clear Resin was used for printing. The T-Scan Novus system with software attached to it, version 9.1, was used for digital examination of the occlusion. A 2.7 mm thick occlusal splint was developed, and the software adapted the occlusion with antagonists. After adjustment with T-Scan Novus, a reduction in disocclusion time of the patient was achieved, which is a desired result in the treatment of bruxism. The position of the joint components was proven radiologically. The treatment of bruxism with splint therapy continues to be the main method of treatment. Using digital technology allows for more accurate constructions and precise balancing of occlusal relationships.

On the Principles of Design of Transport Nodes

The methodology developed by the authors refers to designing, calculating, and optimising transport nodes based on the original systemic approach as a main method. The use of the methodology will make it possible to design transport nodes more rationally and to evaluate their development projects more correctly.A «system» is understood as a general natural form of structuring organised substance, which enables it to function stably in a changeable environment. The basic principles are formulated as follows: the system consists of elements, each of which is also a system; active self-maintenance is developed in the system, that is, active actions are counteracting external adverse influences; it is shown that self-maintenance is provided by adaptability, and in transport systems the self-maintenance is particularly provided by adaptive technology.A contradiction (a dialectical one) arises: on the one hand, the elements are independent systems that have their own system parameters and mechanisms for their active maintenance, and on the other hand, they are subordinate creatures capable of flexibly changing their work to maintain the parameters of the supersystem. It is necessary to find harmony between the levels of development of these opposite properties. Transport nodes are also considered from these systemic positions. Exposition of several definitions of nodes by leading national scientists is followed by a statement showing that they all contradict the new systemic approach.Suggested system definition of a node describes it as a set of stations. The authors also propose a new classification of transport nodes, formulate criteria for their rational design depending on the classes, and propose correct design and optimisation principles.

A MODERN APPROACH TO MONITORING THE PROGRESS OF STUDENTS WITH THE USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES

Целью статьи является обоснование эффективности проведения поэтапного мониторинга успеваемости обучающихся с применением информационно-коммуникационных технологий. Актуальность темы обусловлена тем, что важным вопросом современного образования является разработка, апробация и дальнейшее внедрение системы мониторинга качества образовательного процесса в ВУЗах. Основным методом является мониторинг, который может улучшить состояние учебного процесса путем выявления проблем и целенаправленной индивидуальной работы. В статье рассматривается алгоритм реализации поэтапного мониторинга с применением информационно-коммуникационных технологий на занятиях. По результатам проведенных исследований сделаны выводы о необходимости внедрения поэтапного мониторинга на занятиях, направленного на управление аудиторией, развитие воспитательной работы и беспристрастную оценку успеваемости обучающихся. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the effectiveness of the stage-by-stage monitoring of students' progress using information and communication technologies. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that an important issue of modern education is the development of a system for monitoring the quality of the educational process in universities. The main method is monitoring, which can improve the state of the educational process through problems and purposeful work. The article uses the implementation of step-by-step monitoring with the use of information and communication technologies in the classroom, conducted with information technology. Based on the results of the research, conclusions were drawn about the stage-by-stage monitoring in the classroom, aimed at managing the audience, developing educational work and an impartial assessment of students' progress.

Invasive ants reduce abundance of small rainforest skinks

Invasive ants are among the world’s most damaging invasive species, often directly or indirectly affecting native fauna. Insecticidal baits are the main method for suppressing or eradicating invasive ant populations, but their use must be considered against potential for unintended effects on native organisms. The invasive yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracillipes) is widespread in the tropics, particularly on islands, where they have displaced a range of invertebrates. Effects of this ant on vertebrates, and in continental ecosystems generally, are less studied. We investigated the effects of yellow crazy ants and bait application on rainforest skinks and their invertebrate prey. We compared skink and skink prey abundance across four replicated rainforest site categories: high and low yellow crazy ant sites had both been baited but differed in yellow crazy ant activity; control sites had never had yellow crazy ants or been baited; and buffer sites had never had yellow crazy ants but had been baited. We recorded significantly lower abundance of two small skink species (Lygisaurus laevis and Saproscincus tetradactylus) in high yellow crazy ant sites compared to all other site categories. The differences persisted even after baiting reduced yellow crazy ant activity by 97.8% ± 0.04% (mean ± SD). A larger rainforest skink species (Carlia rubrigularis) was not negatively affected by yellow crazy ant invasion. Skink prey abundance was significantly lower in high yellow crazy ant sites compared to control sites and low yellow crazy ant sites, but not compared to buffer sites. These differences did not persist following baiting. We found no evidence that baiting negatively affects skinks or their invertebrate prey. Our data suggest that yellow crazy ants, but not the bait used to treat them, pose a direct threat to small rainforest skinks.

The Concept of War in Ancient Mesopotamia: Reshaping Carl von Clausewitz's Trinity

In this article, the author investigates the concept of “war” during the Akkadian period (ca. 2234–2154 BCE) through fragments and clay tablets that have remained from that period in history more than 4,000 years ago. Given the special place that the divine realm took in the Akkadian worldview, manifesting even in everyday interaction, the author reworks the well-renowned trinity from the Prussian military theorist Carl von Clausewitz. The author argues that Clausewitz’s analysis of war, which relies on the main trinity of the people, the government, and the armed forces, is not applicable to the beginning of human history in Mesopotamia due to the specific circumstances that societies then faced. The main method of inquiry herein will be a textual analysis of Akkadian scriptures that relate to the campaigns of Sargon, the first ruler of the Akkadian Empire, and his reign in constituting the first empire of humankind, as well as sources that explain the role of religion in this historical epoch. Although many of Sargon’s groundbreaking military innovations—such as establishing a standing professional army, securing lines of communication and supplies, and fortifying strategic positions—can be analyzed in a purely descriptive way, the focus of this article will be on his constructed relation to the Akkadian pantheon, which had a direct influence on the way warmongering was perceived.

Digital Technology Information-Sharing Prospects

This chapter presents an experience shown by university and research library websites in Tanzania following the outbreak of COVID-19. Content analysis was the main method of data collection and analysis in which the contents of the selected websites were explored to establish various services. Thus, the analysis of the selected library website contents revealed that 12 of 24 library websites had the opening and closing hours, two university library websites had information related to the outbreak of the COVID-19, and 12 had no information related to the outbreak of COVID-19 or changes in the library services following the outbreak of COVID-19. This chapter concludes that library websites provide opportunities for the libraries to serve their users conveniently. However, the experience given by some of the university and research library websites in Tanzania shows a lack of information on how particular libraries serve their users when the working environment and style changed following the outbreak of COVID-19.

Estimation of the journal distance of Genomics & Informatics from other bioinformatics journals, 2003-2018

This study explored the trends of Genomics & Informatics during the period of 2003-2018 in comparison with 11 other scholarly journals: BMC Bioinformatics, Algorithms for Molecular Biology: AMB, BMC Systems Biology, Journal of Computational Biology, Briefings in Bioinformatics, BMC Genomics, Nucleic Acids Research, American Journal of Human Genetics, Oncogenesis, Disease Markers, and Microarrays. In total, 22,423 research articles were reviewed. Content analysis was the main method employed in the current research. The results were interpreted using descriptive analysis, a clustering analysis, word embedding, and deep learning techniques. Trends are discussed for the 12 journals, both individually and collectively. This is an extension of our previous study (PMCID: PMC6808643).

Quality of life of a patient with computer vision syndrome depending on the type of accommodative astenopia

Purpose: a comparative assessment of the quality of life (QOL) of patients with symptoms of computer vision syndrome (CVS), depending on the type of accommodative asthenopia: habitual excessive accommodation stress (HEAS) and the asthenic form of accommodative asthenopia (AFAA). Material and methods. 60 patients aged 22–34 engaged in visually extensive work who had typical asthenopic complaints were examined. The main criterion for diagnosing the type of asthenopia was the coefficient of ciliary muscle microfluctuation, measured by objective accommodation on a Righton Speedy-I device (Japan). The patients were divided into two groups of 30 people each with similar age and sex distribution, corresponding to the two forms of asthenopia studied. The main method of QOL examination was the study of an innovative CVS-22 questionnaire filled in by the testees. Results. The comparative assessment of the overall test indicator revealed no significant differences between the examined groups of patients with HEAS (QOL = 40.2 ± 1.2 pts) and AFAA (QOL = 42.2 ± 1.0 pts), p > 0.05. For some of the complaints, certain differences were found, partly associated with the pathogenesis of HEAS and AFAA, however, they do not fully reflect the “specificity” of the main types of accommodative asthenopia. Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the absence of reliable subjective diagnostic criteria of CVS. The fact may be associated with a wide range of risk factors for the development of functional disorders of the body in general and the visual system in particular when the patients is engaged in activities requiring the use of electronic systems in information management.

Mathematical description of a hybrid quadrocopter for the purpose of computer simulation of controlled motion

The problem of constructing the most complete mathematical model of the movement of a hybrid-type quadcopter, which, in addition to electric motors, is also equipped with an internal combustion engine, is considered. The relevance of this development is due to the desire to create a control system for a quadcopter of relatively new design, and the feasibility of development is due to the desire to use integrated design, improving the design of the device and elements of navigation and control. The developed mathematical model of the motion of the center of mass of the quadcopter and around the center of mass includes control variables and takes into account the gyroscopic moments from the rotors of the engines - carriers of kinetic moments. This model can be used in the process of designing and debugging control algorithms for such aircraft. The main method of modeling is the numerical integration of the system of differential equations. The given modeling complex will allow to carry out researches on influence of perturbing factors and imperfection of elements of a control system; test and improve management laws; to modernize the design of the quadcopter to increase the efficiency of operation. The advantage of the model is its validity, openness, versatility, as it is easy to adapt to any other design of the quadcopter.