Low-income resident’s preferences for the location of wind turbine farms in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Hosking ◽  
Mario Du Preez ◽  
Gary Sharp
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Choice Modelling ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Wind Energy Development

There is a general consensus that South Africa should be generating more power through harnessing renewable energy resources, such as wind power. However, there is no consensus with regard to the location of such generating projects. This paper describes a wind farm project proposed for development in the Kouga Local Municipality, reports low-income local residents’ preferences on its nature and applies choice modelling to analyse these preferences. A questionnaire was presented to each respondent, the discrete choice experiment component of the questionnaire included two different onshore wind energy development scenarios and a status quo option. The scenarios differed by the combination of four elements: the distance of the wind turbines from residential areas, job creation, the number of turbines and a subsidy allocated to each household.

scholarly journals ‘In-Between’ Rural Tourism: Rethinking Rural Tourism Spaces for Policy Development in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 10(4) (10(4)) ◽  
pp. 1394-1413
Author(s):  
Christian M Rogerson ◽  
Jayne M Rogerson
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Global South ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Tourism Policy

Rural tourism is the focus of major international scholarship. This paper contributes to policy debates about rural tourism in the Global South using the example of South Africa. Specifically, it points to a need for rethinking of rural tourism spaces for policy development in South Africa. Arguably, ‘rural spaces’ cannot be viewed homogeneously simply as places outside of cities; instead rural tourism spaces must be unpacked and differentiated. The South African case is of special interest in Global South scholarship because national government launched initiatives to prepare an appropriate rural tourism policy. It is argued that a spatially differentiated approach to rural tourism policy is useful and recommends as a starting point drawing upon best practice international research which identifies (at least) three different categories of rural space, namely fringe, exotic/remote and in-between rural spaces. Insight is provided of two examples of ‘in-between’ rural spaces in South Africa, namely Greater Giyani Local Municipality in Limpopo and Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality in Eastern Cape.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF WIND FARMS

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford Savage ◽  
John Smallwood
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
South African ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
African Government ◽  
Descriptive Survey

The Eastern Cape in South Africa has been identified as having ideal characteristics for the development of wind farming, and thus the industry has grown in this area. Wind energy has been identified as a tool to create jobs; as the demand for electricity increases and renewable energy sources become a necessity, the South African Government has provided targets and incentives to attract investors into the industry. This study investigates why wind farms attract public resistance. It also investigates if wind energy is expensive compared to other sources of energy in South Africa and the Eastern Cape. A descriptive survey was conducted with two associations related to the study. Essential findings include: The largest impact that wind farm developments have on the environment is their visual pollution. Wind-generated energy provides the best return on investment and the second-best capital cost per megawatt in comparison with other sources of energy. In the Eastern Cape, wind as a resource is consistent enough to realise a financial return, and could be used to a large extent in terms of provision of power to the national grid.

scholarly journals Fig. 7. Maps of census tracts in the City of Johannesburg district municipality. Census tracts are colored by relative street greenness (A, D), income (B) and race (C, E). The height of census tracts in D and E represents income. Empty space within the city represents non-residential areas that were not accounted for in the 2011 census.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zander S Venter ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton ◽  
Francini Van Staden ◽  
Odirile Sebogoe ◽  
Vanessa A Masterson
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Urban South ◽  
The City

<p>Urban green infrastructure provides ecosystem services that are essential to human wellbeing. A dearth of national-scale assessments in the Global South has precluded the ability to explore how political regimes, such as the forced racial segregation in South Africa during and after Apartheid, have influenced the extent of and access to green infrastructure over time. We investigate whether there are disparities in green infrastructure distributions across race and income geographies in urban South Africa. Using open-source satellite imagery and geographic information, along with national census statistics, we find that public and private green infrastructure is more abundant, accessible, greener and more treed in high-income relative to low-income areas, and in areas where previously advantaged racial groups (i.e. White citizens) reside.</p><br>

scholarly journals Bioenergy use and food preparation practices of two communities in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paxie W. Chirwa ◽  
Cori Ham ◽  
Stella Maphiri ◽  
Marlett Balmer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Food Preparation ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
High Level

A study was undertaken in two communities that use firewood in the Keiskammahoek area of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa to understand their behaviour with regard to energy use during food preparation as well as the extent of practising efficient cooking habits. The results showed that despite the high level of electrification, firewood was used in most households (≥ 60%) for cooking while electricity was mostly used (≥ 90%) for lighting. Firewood is also preferred for cooking food that takes a long time to prepare, while more convenient sources of energy such as electricity is used for short periods of cooking and re-heating of food. Secondary sources of energy used for cooking included paraffin, dung, leaves and twigs. The study found that there was some deliberate use of energy saving techniques in both communities, although limited and not necessarily practiced with a view to saving energy. Less than half of the respondents soaked hard grains and beans before cooking; while all of them cut food into smaller pieces before cooking commenced. A third of respondents had utensils ready before cooking commenced in one village while two thirds placed utensils and food together before they commenced food preparations in the other village. Pots were covered with lids and water was added in small amounts as required. The heat from fire was not monitored, but fires were extinguished after use. The greatest potential for improvement exists around cooking appliances; where all households were found to be using three-legged pots on open fires when cooking with biomass energy. Open fires are highly inefficient and the use of efficient biomass cook stoves would increase efficiency. It is recommended that in order to reduce the use of biomass-derived energy consumption and expenditure in low-income households, the use of multiple energy sources and portable energy efficient firewood stoves should be promoted. In addition, there should be an aggressive dissemination of information on further processing of fuelwood into forms that can easily be stored and used; and various forms of pre-treatment of hard foods.

scholarly journals Information and communication technologies (ICT) towards agricultural development in rural areas: case of smallholder farmers in Umzimvubu local municipality of the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Z. Makaula ◽  
S.F.G. Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Information And Communication

This paper was initiated in order to find the usage and relevance of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) by the smallholder farmers of the Umzimvubu Local Municipality of the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. A survey questionnaire was then developed to collect the relevant data from randomly selected six villages of Umzimvubu Local Municipality targeting 138 respondents. The questionnaires structure employed both closed and open-ended questions that were administered using a face to face interview, conducted on the sample population in each village. There seems to be a correlation between ICT usage and the economies of scale in agricultural development, where smallholder farmers tend to use less of highly modernized ICT, while commercial large scale farmers use more of the modernized ICT. This disparity amongst farmers is exacerbated in many areas by the differing support systems employed by the public extension services. 

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