Distinguishing isolates of cereal stem disease pathogens of the genus Tapesia from isolates of Fusarium and Rhizoctonia using the RAPD method

The RAPD method (Random Amplification of Polymorphous DNA) was used to distinguish Tapesia acufonnis and T. yallundae isolates from other pathogens of wheat stem base diseases (Fusarium avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. nivale, Rhizoctonia cerealis and R. so/ani).Isolates of the fungi originated from infected wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) collected at various locations in the Czech Republic. Three decameric oligonucleotide-primers were selected as producing genotype-specific RAPD products. These markers distinguish all isolates of the above taxons. The intra-species genetic variability of these species also was studied. The values of Dice's coefficients of similarity suggest that isolates of Tapesia yallundae showed a higher degree of intra-species variability than those ofT acufonnis. A high degree of intra-species variability was identified also in Fusarium avenaceum.

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Triticum aestivum L. endoxylanase inhibitor (TAXI) consists of two inhibitors, TAXI I and TAXI II, with different specificities

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj3530239 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 353 (2) ◽

pp. 239-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Kurt GEBRUERS ◽

Winok DEBYSER ◽

Hans GOESAERT ◽

Paul PROOST ◽

Jozef VAN DAMME ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Evolutionary Relationship ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Molecular Structures ◽

Molecular Forms ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Terminal Amino Acid ◽

Terminal Amino ◽

High Degree

The Triticum aestivum L. endoxylanase inhibitor (TAXI) discovered by Debyser and Delcour [(1997) Eur. Pat. filed April 1997, published as WO 98/49278] and Debyser, Derdelinckx and Delcour [(1997) J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 55, 153Ő156] seems to be a mixture of two different endoxylanase inhibitors, called TAXI I and TAXI II. By using Aspergillus niger as well as Bacillus subtilis endoxylanases for assaying inhibition activity, both inhibitors could be purified to homogeneity from wheat (Triticum aestivum L., var. Soissons). TAXI I and TAXI II have similar molecular structures. They both have a molecular mass of approx. 40.0kDa, are not glycosylated and occur in two molecular forms, i.e. a non-proteolytically processed one and a proteolytically processed one. However, the pI of TAXI II (at least 9.3) is higher than that of TAXI I (8.8). TAXI I and TAXI II clearly show different inhibition activities towards different endoxylanases. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of both inhibitors show a high degree of identity, which might indicate that there is an evolutionary relationship between them.

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Nutrient status of soil and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in response to long-term farmyard manure application under different climatic and soil physicochemical conditions in the Czech Republic

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science ◽

10.1080/03650340.2017.1331297 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 70-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Pavel Tlustoš ◽

Michal Hejcman ◽

Eva Kunzová ◽

Lukáš Hlisnikovský ◽

Hana Zámečníková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Czech Republic ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Manure Application ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Physicochemical Conditions

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Sterile base florets in Triticum

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt9550149 ◽

1955 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 149 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

C Barnard

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Distal Part ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

The Other ◽

Evolutionary Significance ◽

Complete Suppression ◽

Minimal Effect ◽

The Third ◽

High Degree

The morphology of the florets in three base-sterile speltoid mutants of Triticum aestivum L. is described. In two of the three mutants the basal floret only is affected. In one of these (St1) There is a high degree of sterility in the basal floret of all spikkelets except those on the distal part of the inflorescence; in the other (St1A) the basal floret of the basal and the distal spikelets is nearly always fertile, the highest degree of sterility being developed in the spikelets towards the middle of the ear. In the third mutant (St2) two florets are usually concerned. The basal floret of all spikelets except the apical one is practically always sterile. The second floret in the distal spikelets is mostly fertile, but in the lower spikelets it too is sterile and there is a gradient in fertility form distal to basal spikelets. The minimal effect of the sterility factor is the abortion or complete suppression of the anterior Stamen. This is accompanied by fusion and increased growth of the lodicule rudiments; all other floral parts develop normally. Greater incidence of the sterility results in the suppression of the lateral stamens with increased development of the lodioular structure and reduced growth of the palea. Fusion of the reduced palea and lodicular structure is usually followed by the abortion of the gynaeceum. In its extreme expression the sterility factor suppresses entirely the initiation of the flower primordium. Failure of florets in higher positions on the spikelets to form grain is due to immaturity and is different from basal sterility. When the basal florets are sterile, florets in higher positions than usual set grain. The mechanism by which the St genes operate and the evolutionary significance of basal sterility is discussed.

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RETRACTED: Characterization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes unraveled by molecular markers considering heat stress

Open Agriculture ◽

10.1515/opag-2019-0004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 41-51

Author(s):

Yaswant Kumar Pankaj ◽

Mahesh Jagadale Vasantrao ◽

Nilmani Prakash ◽

Raj Kumar Jat ◽

Rajesh Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Heat Tolerance ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Similarity Coefficients ◽

Climatic Regions ◽

Heat Susceptibility Index ◽

High Degree

Abstract The current study focuses and emphasis on the potential of heat stress to negatively affect crop physiology. Here, we have screened 19 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for their tolerance of heat stress. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes for all the traits under consideration. Exploitable extent of genetic variability amongst the entries was present as revealed by considerably higher estimates of mean %. On the basis of Heat susceptibility Index, Halna, Mon’s Ald’s, genotypes Cuo/79/Prulla and K 307 were identified as heat-tolerant whereas SAWSN 3041, SAWSN 3101 and K 0583 were identified as heat-susceptible. The 17 wheat microsatellite markers were capable of detecting 89 alleles with an average of 4.6 alleles per locus. Polymorphism Information Content value ranged from 0.16 for the primer XGWM 516 to 0.83 for DUPW 117 with an average of 0.60. A perusal of similarity coefficients clearly reflected that a very high degree of similarity exists between wheat variety Mon’s Ald’s and SAWSN 3101 (0.70). On the other hand, the two most distantly related cultivars were found to be AKAW 4008 and PBW 343 (0.034). BARC 4, BARC 170, BARC 311, PSP 3058, WHE014.H04 and GWM 458 were strongly associated with the heat tolerance for traits TGW and BARC 311 was strongly associated with terminal heat tolerance for number of grains/plant respectively. Considering all the parameters it is adjudged that relatively stable genotypes may be evaluated at various agro climatic regions for grain yield and heat tolerance along with other contributing characters and ideal plant type.

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