scholarly journals Clinical Assessment Scales in Autonomic Nervous System Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2 Suppl) ◽  
pp. 60-76
Author(s):  
Eun Bin Cho ◽  
Ki-Jong Park
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Autonomic Symptom ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Disorders ◽  
Assessment Scales

The autonomic nervous system plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis mediated by the parasympathetic, sympathetic and enteric systems. Autonomic failure adversely affects body function and may increase morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the scoring systems, such as Ewing’s classification and Composite Autonomic Scoring Scale (CASS), were developed to detect and quantify autonomic deficits, primarily focusing on the cardiovascular reflex system. Autonomic disorders manifest with a myriad of symptoms resulting from the dysfunction of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary, secretomotor, pupillomotor systems as well as cardiovascular system. Several self-report questionnaires, such as Composite Autonomic Symptom Scale (COMPASS), Scale for Outcomes in Parkinson’s disease for Autonomic Symptoms (SCOPA-AUT), Survey of Autonomic Symptom (SAS), were also used to support to detect various signs and symptoms of autonomic dysfunction in clinical settings. In this review, we introduce clinically useful assessment scales in autonomic nervous system disorders.

PAROXYSMAL HYPERTENSION SIMULATING PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-671
Author(s):  
NATALIE ARONSON ◽  
GERTRUDE S. STERN ◽  
SIDNEY Q. COHLAN
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Excessive Sweating ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Paroxysmal Hypertension

An eight year old child with intermittent attacks of hypertension and vomiting has been described, The blood pressure fell dramatically in response to Benzodioxane®, suggesting the presence of a pheochromocytoma, but this tumor was not found after an extensive exploratory laparotomy. The episodes of hypertension and vomiting together with the associated findings in this child of crying without tears, frequent blotching of the skin and excessive sweating and salivating are considered to be indications of an unusually labile autonomic nervous system. These latter characteristics were present in a younger sibling who also had an extremely labile blood pressure but who did not exhibit periodic attacks of hypertension and vomiting. A variety of agents were studied for their effects on the patient's signs and symptoms but none of these were demonstrated to have any therapeutic value.

A Psychophysiological Case Study of Orchestra Conductors

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Victoria Jaque ◽  
Isabel H Karamanukyan ◽  
Paula Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Public Performance ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Artery Disease

The psychological and physiological effects of performance were investigated in two professional orchestral conductors, with data collected prior to, during, and after a rehearsal and a public performance. The participants were given a battery of psychological self-report tests (anxiety, dissociation, health inventory, fantasy proneness, shame, and flow). Ambulatory physiological monitoring (Vivometric LifeShirt® system) was conducted during both a rehearsal and public performance to gather information about the autonomic nervous system and heart rate variability (HRV). One conductor had a history of asthma and anxiety, and the second conductor had coronary artery disease. The results revealed within-subject and between-subject differences in autonomic nervous system responses and HRV during several conditions (pre-performance rest, stair-climbing, rehearsal, and performance). Based on heart rate, the physiological demands of professional conducting are reflective of work intensities considered “hard.” Both conductors experienced high flow states. Anxiety and coronary artery disease may have attenuated HRV resilience in this study. It is recommended that noninvasive methods be implemented to assess cardiac autonomic activity in professional conductors, particularly during engagement in their professional activities. The findings suggest a need to further study anxiety, respiratory conditions, and cardiovascular risks for conductors.

Current pharmacotherapy of the autonomic nervous system disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (10. Vyp. 2) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
I. A. Zolotovskaja ◽  
I. L. Davydkin ◽  
I. E. Poverennova
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Disorders

Investigations on the Relationship Between the Autonomic Nervous System and the Triggering of Malignant Hyperthermia: A State-of-the-Science Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Malignant Hyperthermia ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Anesthesia Providers ◽  
Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptible ◽  
Primary Disorder ◽  
State Of The Science

Early research in malignant hyperthermia (MH) focused on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) as a primary trigger of the syndrome. This hypothesis was based on the initial signs and symptoms of MH such as tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, and signs of increased metabolism in patients who developed MH. Supporting these early links between MH and the ANS were case reports from anesthesia providers who reported that patients who subsequently developed MH after a nontriggering previous anesthetic had appeared unusually stressed prior to the surgical procedure in which they triggered. There is no disagreement in the scientific community that a primary disorder in MH lies in the inability to control myoplasmic calcium levels in skeletal muscles. However, considering the variability in genetic and clinical presentation, the timing of intraoperative triggering, and the unexplained phenomenon of nonanesthetic triggering, the identification of cofactors in MH triggering remains paramount. A careful review of existing research supports the hypothesis that the autonomic nervous system plays a significant role as a cofactor in the triggering and progression of an MH episode. If a differentiation can be made and a link can be demonstrated between abnormalities in receptor sensitivity for or release, reuptake, or metabolism of catecholamines in malignant hyperthermia susceptible individuals, we may be able to use these as additional markers/predictors of disease.

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