scholarly journals MEASUREMENT OF COORDINATES BY SATELLITE IMAGES ALONG THE CHANNEL OF THE SMALL RIVER IROVKA IN THE REPUBLIC OF MARI EL

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (№12 2019) ◽  
pp. 294-300
Author(s):  
P.M. Mazurkin ◽  
Ya.O. Georgieva
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Small River ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Measurement Of Coordinates

scholarly journals Vegetation of the Hantam-Tanqua-Roggeveld subregion, South Africa Part 2: Succulent Karoo Biome related vegetation

Koedoe ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Van der Merwe ◽  
Margaretha W. Van Rooyen ◽  
Noel Van Rooyen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Succulent Karoo ◽  
Land Type ◽  
Botanical Diversity ◽  
Mosaic Vegetation ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Western Side ◽  
Floristic Data

The Hantam-Tanqua-Roggeveld subregion lies within the Succulent Karoo Hotspot that stretches along the western side of the Republic of South Africa and Namibia. This project, carried out to document the botanical diversity in the Hantam-Tanqua-Roggeveld subregion, was part of a project identified as a priority during the SKEP (Succulent Karoo Ecosystem Programme) initiative in this Hotspot. Botanical surveys were conducted in an area covering over three million hectares. Satellite images of the area and topocadastral, land type and geology maps were used to stratify the area into relatively homogeneous units. An analysis of the floristic data of 390 sample plots identified two major floristic units, i.e. the Fynbos Biome related vegetation and the Succulent Karoo Biome related vegetation. A description of the vegetation related to the Succulent Karoo Biome is presented in this article. Seven associations, 16 subassociations and several mosaic vegetation units, consisting of more than one vegetation unit, were identified and mapped. Various threats to the vegetation in the region were identified during the survey and are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Remote Study of Aufeis along the ‘Power of Siberia’ Gas Pipeline in the Aldan River Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 06018
Author(s):  
Dmitry D. Nogovitsyn ◽  
Dmitry D. Pinigin ◽  
Nadezhda A. Nikolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
South West ◽  
Flow Formation ◽  
Complex Engineering ◽  
Pipeline Route ◽  
The Republic

The ‘Power of Siberia’ gas pipeline route passes through the territories of South-West and South Yakutia, where the natural conditions are characterized by severe climatic, complex engineering geological and geocryological conditions. A variety of environmental conditions are mandatory for construction and operation in different areas with long-term soil and hazardous geocryological processes: debris flow formation, aufeis formation, soil heaving, thermokarst, thermosuffosion. Aufeis formation processes will be of particular importance during the construction of the pipeline. As a degree of their occurrence in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), it should be mentioned the Aldan upland. Aufeis occur almost in the majority of local stream valleys as a small areas of ice formations, basically confined to floodplain and riverbed. Aufeis areas had been identified in trace areas by the method of deciphering satellite images within the territory of the hydrogeological zones of the Lena-Amur interfluve. As a result of remote studies, territorial and quantitative distributions in hydrogeological zones have been identified. As a result of the monitoring results the areas of each aufeis are determined and their contours are decoded due to satellite images of recent years (2018-2020).

scholarly journals Determination of a Hazard Compensations Based on Land Administration Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nikola Vučić ◽  
Mario Mađer ◽  
Doris Pivac ◽  
Miodrag Roić ◽  
Josip Križanović
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Fire Hazards ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Digital Orthophoto

During the summer period, fire hazards represent an especially real threat not only for vegetation and animals, but also for material resources and human lives. In the Republic of Croatia, the most affected areas are those in the coastal region, which are characterised by a very dry environment and strong winds that are conducive to the rapid spread of wildfire. Although the prevention of wildfire is an utmost imperative, many countries are still missing a good and reliable fire management system for both fire monitoring and prevention and post-disaster management. The aim of this paper is to show the utilisation of open source GIS, web-based technologies, and open data in the case of natural disasters, and to define the concept of advanced national system of compensation determination. Such a system could be utilised to identify land parcels for which compensations for damage and losses after fire devastation have to be determined and could be used by compensation agencies, insurance companies, or state administration. The island of Hvar, which has suffered from fire hazards, was used as a case study for a quick and relevant calculation of the compensation based on land administration data. Sentinel satellite images and official digital orthophoto maps (DOMs) of the affected area before and after the fire devastation were obtained and analysed together with the data on cadastral parcels and land owners. Research was conducted by using both sets of imagery data, showing that Sentinel satellite images are more than adequate for fulfilling the task of the determination of hazard compensation.

scholarly journals Cartographic Extrapolation as Method for Forecasting Natural Phenomena and Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-412
Author(s):  
V. I. Mikhailov ◽  
E. Yu Myslivchi
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Tectonic Structure ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Forecasting Methods ◽  
Forecasting Method ◽  
Local Patterns ◽  
The Republic

All known forecasting methods cannot do without the help of maps when it comes to natural phenomena and processes. Geographic forecasting can be considered as predicting geographic phenomena or processes that cannot  be explored. Identity of the methodology for forecasting the dynamics of phenomena in time and their propagation in space makes it possible to transfer the patterns that are true for time sequences to spatial series. In contrast to specialized forecasting methods developed by individual sciences, cartography provides a researcher with a general forecasting method called cartographic extrapolation. In this case the extrapolation is understood as the spread of patterns obtained in the course of cartographic analysis of  a  phenomenon  or  a  process to an unexplored part of  this  phenomenon or process to another territory, for the future. The foregoing is considered on the example of a map of Modern vertical movements of the Earth’s crust in the Republic of Belarus which is compiled according to geophysical data and repeated leveling. Predictive patterns and expectations are highlighted while applying the method of cartographic extrapolation on the map. The efficiency of cartographic extrapolation is increased with the complex use of different methods. The interaction of cartographic and remote methods is of particular importance. Joint analysis of maps, aerial and satellite images obtained from different heights and in different ranges helps to predict general global, regional or local patterns. An example of this is geological and geomorphological research. Maps of different contents and the results of interpretation of aerial photographs have been used to predict the neo-tectonic structure of the territory in the zone of junction of the Mikashevich ledge of the crystalline basement and the Turov depression in the Belarusian Polesie.

scholarly journals Problem of environmental remediation of the river runoff of basin geosystem of the small river Alma (Republic of Crimea)

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 07007
Author(s):  
Tatiana Ivankova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Small River ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Natural Protection ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Small River Basin

An assessment of the ecological state of the small river basin Alma of the Republic of Crimea has been carried out. Due to intensive nature management in the 20th century, the primary natural environment was transformed into a natural-engineering system (NES). The critical components of the NES are the lowland sector and surface waters basin. The flat sector turned into an agricultural landscape with a low coefficient of natural protection, it needs transformation based on landscape planning. Runoff the Alma River is almost completely regulated by reservoirs and ponds, as a result of which the channel is deprived of water for most of the year. It is proposed to restore the natural flow of the river by redistributing the reserves of the Partizansky reservoir and establishing Western European water consumption standards for Simferopol.

scholarly journals Structure and Dynamics of Algal Communities in Small River of the Republic of Karelia (Rusia)

Botanica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Sergey Komulaynen
Keyword(s):  
Small River ◽  
Spatial Inhomogeneity ◽  
High Current ◽  
River Continuum ◽  
Algal Communities ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Quantitative Parameters ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Mixed Communities

AbstractDistribution of phytoplankton, phytoperiphyton and microphytobenthos communities was simultaneously studied in the River Lihzma (Republic of Karelia, Russia). Comparison includes both taxonomic and quantitative parameters along river continuum. Special attention was given to the analysis of causes of spatial inhomogeneity of algal communities. In the studied river, the pattern and trends of dynamics in the community were dependent on high current velocities and the alternation of lake, pool, and riffle zones. Algae are constantly removed from bottom biotopes, attached forms are detached from their substrate and are transported by the stream, and planktonic forms settle down, disturbing the distinctive characteristics of communities and resulting in the formation of “mixed” communities.

scholarly journals ECOSISTEMS PATTERN OF СENTRAL TUVINIAN BASIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
L.L. Golubyatnikov ◽  
◽  
E.A. Zarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
The Past ◽  
Desert Steppes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Continental Climate

To analyze the pattern of ecosystems on the territory of the Central Tuvinian Basin the images from the Landsat-8 satellite for the summer period of 2020 were used. Satellite images were processed in the GRASS geographic information system using the SMAP classification method. The basin under study is located in the center of the Republic of Tuva. The region is characterized by a sharply continental climate with low snowy and very cold winters, hot and dry summers. Based on satellite information and the cartographic information, 13 land units were identified in the studied territory of the Central Tuvinian Basin. The total area of the Central Tuvinian Basin is 18.6 thousand km2 . A mosaic ecosystem structure of typical, dry and desert steppes is presented on the flat territory of the basin. Based on the satellite images, a map-scheme for ecosystems pattern on the territory of the Central Tuvinian Basin was made. Steppe vegetation is gradually occupying the abandoned arable lands. The area of cultivated fields in the Central Tuvinian Basin has decreased by 90% over the past 30 years. There was an expansion of the territories of dry and desert steppes with the participation of shrubs of Caragana Bunge. Desertification processes are ongoing in the Central Tuvinian Basin.

Varziyachi resort and treatment results in the 1928 season

1929 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-549
Author(s):  
A. N. Semakin
Keyword(s):  
Small River ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
The Republic

The resort of Varzi-yatchi is located in the Mozhginsky district of the Votsky region, 25-30 kilometers from the Ikskoye Ustye steamship pier on the river. Kama and 45-50 km. from the mountains. Agryz of the Republic of Tatarstan, almost on its border with the Vot region. Located near a mud bog, on the left elevated bank of the small river B. Varzi, which flows 8-10 kilometers from the resort in the Izh River, a tributary of the Kama

Cycles of gully incision and infill in agricultural landscapes of Central European Russia: natural and anthropogenic factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Kuznetsova ◽  
Vladimir Belyaev ◽  
Sergey Kharchenko ◽  
Anna Semochkina
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Gully Erosion ◽  
Small River ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Central European

<p>Gullies are traditionally considered as one of the most active landforms in agricultural areas. In many places gully erosion leads to massive loss of fertile soil, decline of areas available for cultivation and a number of other land use complications. In addition, gullies in many cases act as the most effective runoff and sediment routing pathways, promoting better connectivity and increasing sediment delivery from cultivated hillslopes into fluvial network. Hence, gully network development may also cause significant detrimental off-site effects, including small river degradation, reservoir siltation, particle-bound pollutants concentration, etc. On the other hand, this process is often not progressive and unidirectional, but rather includes cycles of incision and head retreat alternating with infill periods. Understanding this dynamics and knowing its control factors may help to predict the future process trends for different climate and land use change scenarios, save fragile soil and water resources and design sustainable agricultural activity in changing environment.</p><p>We analyzed five different small river basins in Central European Russia to investigate the cycles of gully growth and infill. The main approach was to acquire gully network structure from topographic maps or by manual visual interpretation of satellite images. A set of topographic maps was used to map the spatial structure of gullies over the case study areas for several time intervals from mid XIX century to the end of XX century. In addition, recent satellite images were used to investigate the up-to-date (2018-2019) gully network structure and distinguish its possible latest changes related to climate or land use changes.</p><p>It is common to consider agriculture as the main factor of gully erosion activation in this area. We found that land use changes over the last 150 years lead not only to erosion rates shifts, but to incision and infill cycles. Besides, morphometric parameters of individual gullies, spatial patterns of gully network and gully density within different catchments strongly depend on local topography. Particularly important controls are topographic ranges, long profile and planform shapes of catchment slopes. Recent studies also showed that planform structure of upper parts of gully network (especially small tributary gullies of larger gully systems), as well as smooth slope depressions and periodically formed ephemeral gullies on cultivated hillslopes are in many cases strongly related to relic cryogenic features (RCF) of the Late Pleistocene cold stages. Evidence of partly infilled gullies incised into the RCFs such as ice or ice-ground wedge pseudomorphs are widely observed both on satellite and airborne images and in natural (undercut gully or small valley banks) or anthropogenic (quarries) exposures.</p><p>Interaction of climatic impact, intrinsic gully headcut retreat threshold and recent land use changes determine modern gully network conditions. The main presently observed tendency is stabilization or gradual infill of most of the small- and medium-sized gullies by sediments transported by sheet wash, rill and ephemeral gully erosion from arable fields. At the same time, small discontinuous bottom gullies are developed in larger gully systems.</p><p>This study is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project No. 18-05-01118a).</p>

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