LIMB MOVEMENT OF BASKETBALL ATHLETES IN SPORTS EXERCISE

ABSTRACT Introduction: The performance of basketball players is based on physical function and quality. In addition to genetic factors, physical function can also be improved through acquired training. Objective: The article analyzes the concept of body movement through literature data and a questionnaire survey. Methods: This article analyzes the mechanical characteristics of basketball technology from the perspective of physiology and proposes methods to develop the strength of basketball players. Results: Through the activation of different training actions, controlling the muscles that maintain the stability of the limbs to adjust body balance is beneficial to improvement of the coordination and sensitivity of the muscles. Conclusion: Pay attention to the principle of incremental load, the SAID principle, and comprehensiveness in strength training. The training method adopted is helpful to the improvement of the athlete’s aerobic metabolism. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

CHARACTERISTICS OF SPORTS INJURIES IN TAEKWONDO ATHLETES IN PHYSICAL TRAINING

ABSTRACT Introduction: Taekwondo is one of the main events of the Olympic Games. It mainly uses hands and feet for fighting or confrontation and the competition is extremely fierce. Therefore, Taekwondo is more prone to muscle, bone, and joint sports injuries. Objective: To understand the characteristics of taekwondo sports injuries. Methods: Using the literature and questionnaire survey methods, mathematical statistics is used to investigate the sports injuries of young Taekwondo athletes. Results: Among 100 young Taekwondo athletes, 93individuals had different degrees of sports injuries, accounting for 93%, and 7had no sports injuries, accounting for only 7%. The total number of injuries was 160 or 1.6injuries per capita. Conclusions: Athletes should improve their ideological understanding and training level and pay attention to the timely treatment of acute injuries, which can effectively reduce sports injuries. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT INTERVAL SPEED TRAINING ON ATHLETE REACTION

ABSTRACT Introduction: High-intensity Intermittent Training (HIIT) ranked first in the ACSM “2013 Global Training Methodology Survey”. Objective: To explore the influence of different speed training intervals on athlete reaction speed. Methods: Sixteen male bicycle athletes were randomly divided into two groups. The two groups then completed a six-week training routine (NT). The two groups then completed a six-week training routine , started 6 weeks of Sprint Interval Training (SIT) (a total of 12 lessons), with SIT instead of Normal Training (NT) live endurance training, and another training remains unchanged. Results: After 6 weeks of NT, Pmax GXT in the CG and DG groups decreased by 0.7% and 1.7%, respectively,as compared to the pre-training numbers. The difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). And after 6 weeks of SIT, Pmax GXT increased significantly (P<0.05) in both experimental groupss,with increases of 9.2% and 10.2% for the CG and DG groups, respectively. Conclusions: The results show that intermittent training can effectively improve the aerobic metabolism of short-haul cyclists. As the power bicycle load and the training intensity and volume of the deceleration intermittent training program increase, the more significant the changes in aerobic capacity that can result in adaptability. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Orthodontic Retention—Protocols and Materials—A Questionnaire Pilot Study among Polish Practitioners

The aim of the study was to analyze retention protocols and materials for fixed retainers used by clinicians providing orthodontic treatment in Poland. The survey was carried out from February to April 2021. The questionnaire was designed using the Google Forms tool. After validation, the questionnaire was delivered to verified active orthodontists gathered in a closed social media group of 615 members. Finally, 104 answers were received. Answers to individual questions were provided in percentages and tabularized. A chi-squared test of proportion was used to compare: the proportion of clinicians using retainers of different characteristics and the proportions of clinicians indicating the superiority of a given clinical solution. Rectangular steel braided wire was rated as most reliable. However, doctors who declared to use gold chain were mostly solely using this type of wire. Multistranded round wire was rated the worst. Fiber-reinforced composite was mainly used in periodontal patients. The protocols used by Polish orthodontic practitioners relied on double long-term retention with regular follow-up. The most popular material was stainless steel braided rectangular wire bonded with a flowable composite. Most clinicians believed they could maintain the treatment results, but they declared that patients’ cooperation was a challenge.

A critical analysis of the ten-year experience of using endoscopic transpapillary interventions in an urgent surgical hospital

The aim of this work was to provide a critical analysis of the ten-year experience of using transpapillary interventions in an urgent surgical hospital with a detailed study of all groups of registered complications.Material and methods. In the period from 2008 to 2018, 1188 retrograde endoscopic transpapillary grafts were performed on the bile ducts with dissection of the major duodenal papilla in a typical and atypical way on the basis of our clinic. The group of observed patients included 1188 patients with endoscopic papillosphincterotomy, including 839 women (70.6%) and 349 men (29.4%). The average age was 63.2 ± 1.25.Results. During the period, 25 complications (2.1%) were revealed when performing transpapillary interventions with dissection of the major duodenal papilla: acute pancreatitis — 10 patients (0.8%); bleeding from the opening of the major duodenal papilla — 4 (0.33%), perforation 12p. intestines — 4 (0.33%), breakage of the basket cable with wedging — 1 (0.08%), cholangitis — 1 (0.08%), overlapping with a stent of the lobar duct — 1 (0.08%). The overall mortality associated with complications is 0.25%. Based on the analyzed material, the iatrogenic index was calculated. It was 0.044. After the analysis of complications, on the basis of the data obtained, we proposed an algorithm of actions when performing transpapillary interventions.Conclusion. Based on the study, we come to the conclusion that it will not be possible to completely level the risk and avoid possible papillotomic-induced complications. In this regard, the early, preferably intraoperative diagnosis of the latter and the prompt implementation of correlating therapeutic measures are of great importance, which will undoubtedly improve the treatment results and have a positive eff ect on the outcome of the disease.

Treatment of medulloblastoma in pediatric patients over 3 years old: modern approaches with respect to molecular and biologic tumor features

Medulloblastoma (MB) treatment in pediatric patients is an open challenge in clinical oncology. Current treatment protocols are risk-adopted and risk group criteria continuously evolve by increasing data about molecular and biologic mechanisms of MB tumorogenesis. In the current issue it is reviewed modern treatment programs, which became a basis of Russian and International clinical recommendations. It is analyzed treatment results according to regimens of chemotherapy and irradiation, absence or presence of metastases, histologic variant and molecular and biologic tumor features.

Quasi Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Modification of Underutilized Chenopodium album Starch and its Characterization

The present study was designed to investigate the changes occur on Chenopodium album starch (CAS) after modification through quasi emulsion solvent diffusion (QESD) method. Modification of starch was carried out by HCl (0.1, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1M) followed by precipitation. The QESD modification significantly reduced the amylose content, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, solubility as well as swelling power of treated starch. Gelatinization behaviour of modified starch showed an increase in pasting temperature. The SEM images showed the formation of regular and spherical shaped larger starch particles. There was an improvement in crystallinity from 20.01 to 29.86% after modification as shown in X-ray analysis. Overall, it indicates that QESD treatment results into formation of spherical crystalline agglomerates.