Abiotic and biotic modulators of litterfall production and its temporal stability during the succession of broad-leaf and Korean pine mixed forest

Freely available satellite imagery improves the research and production of land-cover products at the global scale or over large areas. The integration of land-cover products is a process of combining the advantages or characteristics of several products to generate new products and meet the demand for special needs. This study presents an ontology-based semantic mapping approach for integration land-cover products using hybrid ontology with EAGLE (EIONET Action Group on Land monitoring in Europe) matrix elements as the shared vocabulary, linking and comparing concepts from multiple local ontologies. Ontology mapping based on term, attribute and instance is combined to obtain the semantic similarity between heterogeneous land-cover products and realise the integration on a schema level. Moreover, through the collection and interpretation of ground verification points, the local accuracy of the source product is evaluated using the index Kriging method. Two integration models are developed that combine semantic similarity and local accuracy. Taking NLCD (National Land Cover Database) and FROM-GLC-Seg (Finer Resolution Observation and Monitoring-Global Land Cover-Segmentation) as source products and the second-level class refinement of GlobeLand30 land-cover product as an example, the forest class is subdivided into broad-leaf, coniferous and mixed forest. Results show that the highest accuracies of the second class are 82.6%, 72.0% and 60.0%, respectively, for broad-leaf, coniferous and mixed forest.

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Modeling diameter distribution of the broadleaved-Korean pine mixed forest on Changbai Mountains of China

Science in China Series E ◽

10.1007/s11431-006-8119-8 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 49 (S1) ◽

pp. 177-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shunzhong Wang ◽

Limin Dai ◽

Guohua Liu ◽

Jianqiong Yuan ◽

Hengmin Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mixed Forest ◽

Diameter Distribution ◽

Changbai Mountains ◽

Korean Pine

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Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen in a natural broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest

2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Protection ◽

10.1109/iswrep.2011.5893364 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Jing Zhao ◽

Junhui Zhang

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variability ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Mixed Forest ◽

Korean Pine ◽

Soil Total Nitrogen

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Microbial community structure and the relationship with soil carbon and nitrogen in an original Korean pine forest of Changbai Mountain, China

BMC Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s12866-019-1584-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Minghui Liu ◽

Xin Sui ◽

Yanbo Hu ◽

Fujuan Feng

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Microbial Community Structure ◽

Soil Microbes ◽

Mixed Forest ◽

Korean Pine ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

The Relationship ◽

Main Factor

Abstract Background The broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest is an important and typical component of a global temperate forest. Soil microbes are the main driver of biogeochemical cycling in this forest ecosystem and have complex interactions with carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) components in the soil. Results We investigated the vertical soil microbial community structure in a primary Korean pine-broadleaved mixed forest in Changbai Mountain (from 699 to 1177 m) and analyzed the relationship between the microbial community and both C and N components in the soil. The results showed that the total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) of soil microbes and Gram-negative bacteria (G-), Gram-positive bacteria (G+), fungi (F), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and Actinomycetes varied significantly (p < 0.05) at different sites (elevations). The ratio of fungal PLFAs to bacterial PLFAs (F/B) was higher at site H1, and H2. The relationship between microbial community composition and geographic distance did not show a distance-decay pattern. The coefficients of variation for bacteria were maximum among different sites (elevations). Total soil organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), soil water content (W), and the ratio of breast-height basal area of coniferous trees to that of broad-leaved tree species (RBA) were the main contributors to the variation observed in each subgroup of microbial PLFAs. The structure equation model showed that TOC had a significant direct effect on bacterial biomass and an indirect effect upon bacterial and fungal biomass via soil readily oxidized organic carbon (ROC). No significant relationship was observed between soil N fraction and the biomass of fungi and bacteria. Conclusion The total PLFAs (tPLFA) and PLFAs of soil microbes, including G-, G+, F, AMF, and Actinomycetes, were significantly affected by elevation. Bacteria were more sensitive to changes in elevation than other microbes. Environmental heterogeneity was the main factor affecting the geographical distribution pattern of microbial community structure. TOC, TN, W and RBA were the main driving factors for the change in soil microbial biomass. C fraction was the main factor affecting the biomass of fungi and bacteria and ROC was one of the main sources of the microbial-derived C pool.

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