scholarly journals Traumatic Small Bowel Injury: A Diagnosis Challenge

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Syed Abdul Kader Mohamed Saleem ◽  

Traumatic small bowel injury is rare complication following a blunt abdominal trauma. We encountered a case of small bowel injury following a motor vehicle accident that was initially missed during the first presentation due to unremarkable findings in examination. Patient re-presented five days later with bowel ischaemia and was managed accordingly. It is a challenge in diagnosing the injury due to its vague presentation. The usage of Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) scan as a screening tool in Emergency Department to pick up intra-abdominal injury do have limitations especially in diagnosing small bowel perforation post blunt abdominal trauma. The early phase of small bowel injury post blunt abdominal trauma rarely produces significant free fluid during the FAST scan. It is paramount for the emergency doctors to have a high level of suspicion in high risk cases to provide early supportive treatment and early referral to surgical team. If left undiagnosed bowel ischaemia may lead to catastrophic complication affecting the patient’s morbidity and mortality. In conclusion, each case should be managed and risk stratify individually. Computed tomography abdomen is found to be more superior in detecting bowel injuries, hence, and investigation of choice compared to bedside ultrasonograpy in cases with high level of suspicaion.

Author(s):  
Denis D. Bensard ◽  
Bonnie L. Beaver ◽  
Gail E. Besner ◽  
Donald R. Cooney

1983 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Burney ◽  
George L. Mueller ◽  
William W. Coon ◽  
E.J. Thomas ◽  
James R. Mackenzie

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Taylor ◽  
Fergall Magee ◽  
Stanford N. Stordy ◽  
Norman Chan

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sanjay Jain ◽  
Dinkar Maske ◽  
M. C. Songra

Background: Abdominal injury is leading cause of morbidity and mortality at present due to great improvement in man's lifestyle and development of industries.Methods: A total 100 cases of abdominal trauma (both blunt and penetrating) were studied in the present study in our institute for period of 18 Months.Results: Males belonging to young age group of 21-30 were most commonly affected. Road traffic accident is most common mode of injury. Abdominal pain seen in 93% of patients. Abdominal tenderness seen in 86% of patients. Plain x ray abdomen erect was sensitive in detecting hollow viscus injuries. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is better than four quadrant aspirations. Ultrasound examination gives a clear picture of solid organ injury and free fluid. Most common injured viscera in the present study is small bowel and they were managed by simple suturing and closure of perforation and resection and anastomosis. Postoperative complications like wound infection, wound dehiscence, respiratory complications, pelvic abscess and faecal fistula were seen. The duration of stay for most of the patients in this study was between 11-20 days with mean of 15 days. Mortality in this study was 7%. Conditions such as, female gender, long interval between injury and operation, presence of shock on admission, and small bowel injury worsen the prognosis in penetrating abdominal trauma.Conclusions: Young males are most commonly affected due to road traffic accident. Conditions such as, female gender, long interval between injury and operation, presence of shock on admission, and small bowel injury worsen the prognosis in penetrating abdominal trauma.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Naidoo ◽  
S. Mewa Kinoo ◽  
B. Singh

Small bowel encapsulation is a rare entity which is usually found incidentally at autopsy. We report the first case of peritoneal encapsulation encountered serendipitously at laparotomy undertaken for penetrating abdominal trauma and review the literature on peritoneal encapsulation. We also compare this phenomenon to abdominal cocoon and sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Rizwan Ah. Khan ◽  
Shagufta Wahab

Introduction. Isolated free fluid (IFF) on abdominal computed tomography in children with blunt abdominal trauma poses a diagnostic dilemma. The aim of this study is to present our experience of the entity and its role in management of these children. Methods. A prospective study was performed over a period of two and half years on all the children less than 14 years of age admitted to our hospital with blunt abdominal trauma and in whom the CT abdomen was done which demonstrated isolated free fluid with no sign of visceral injury. Demographic data, presenting clinical status, imaging data and management (nonoperative progress and operative findings) were collected and analyzed. Results. A total of 108 children were admitted with blunt abdominal trauma and who underwent abdominal CT during the period from July 2015 to December 2017. Isolated free fluid (IFF) was found in 26 children (24%). The mean age was 7.8 years with male predominance. Motor vehicle collisions were the most common mechanism of injury. At presentation abdominal tenderness was present in 8 of these children. Twenty two children had small IFF and 2 each had moderate and large fluid collections and the most common site being the hepatorenal pouch. One child each from moderate and large IFF group needed subsequent exploration. Conclusion. Children of blunt abdominal trauma with isolated free fluid on abdominal CT are managed conservatively. However, they need admission and repeated clinical assessment for early detection of delayed presentation of visceral injury entailing surgical intervention.


2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Edmundas Gaidamonis ◽  
Juozas Stanaitis ◽  
Sigitas Tamulis ◽  
Robertas Saltanavičius ◽  
Rytis Tutkus ◽  
...  

Edmundas Gaidamonis, Juozas Stanaitis, Sigitas Tamulis, Robertas Saltanavičius, Rytis Tutkus, Kazimieras Brazauskas, Aurelijus Grigaliūnas, Moisejus Racinas, Jonas Stasinas, Tomas Saladis, Raimundas LunevičiusVilniaus universiteto Bendrosios ir kraujagysliųchirurgijos klinikos Bendrosios chirurgijos centras,Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinė ligoninė,Šiltnamių g. 29, LT-2043, VilniusEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Teigiama, kad pooperacinių komplikacijų dažnis ir mirštamumas sužalojus plonąją žarną priklauso nuo traumos apimties ir gretutinių pilvo ertmės organų sužalojimų. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti ligonių, kuriems buvo atvirų plonosios žarnos sužalojimų, gydymo rezultatus, nustatyti veiksnius, lemiančius pooperacines komplikacijas ir mirštamumą. Metodai Darbo pobūdis – retrospektyvus. Nagrinėtos 1982–1991 metais VMUL ir 1991–1998 metais VGPUL nuo atviros plonųjų žarnų traumos operuotų 126 ligonių ligos istorijos. Duomenys rinkti pagal specialų traumą patyrusių ligonių duomenų registravimo protokolą. Vertinta: ligonių amžius, lytis, traumos mechanizmas, operacijos rizikos laipsnis, hemodinamikos būklė, instrumentiniai tyrimai, organo sužalojimo laipsnis, pilvo ertmės organų ir kombinuoti kitų sistemų sužalojimai, operacijos dydis, pooperacinės komplikacijos, baigtis. Rezultatai Pooperacinių komplikacijų radosi 32 ligoniams (25,4 %), iš jų 6 ligoniai mirė (mirštamumas 4,8 %). Ligonių, kuriems buvo I–III ir IV–V laipsnio plonosios žarnos sužalojimai, komplikacijų dažnio skirtumas (23,4 % ir 60 %) buvo statistiškai patikimas (p < 0,01). Pooperacinių komplikacijų buvo 11,9 % ligonių, pagal ASA klasifikaciją priklausančių I–III grupei, ir 52,9 % ligonių, priklausančių IV–V grupei (p < 0,01); mirštamumas I–III grupės ligonių buvo 1,8 %, IV–V grupės – 23,5 % (p < 0,005). Mirštamumas nestabilios hemodinamikos atveju buvo daugiau kaip 5 kartus didesnis (15 % ir 2,8 %) (p = 0,05). Įvertinus penetruojančios pilvo traumos indekso (PATI) ir pooperacinių komplikacijų bei mirštamumo priklausomybę paaiškėjo, kad komplikacijų dažnis buvo 3,6 karto didesnis ligonių, kurių PATI didesnis kaip 25 (p < 0,001), o mirštamumas – net 12,8 karto (p < 0,005). Išvados Atviri plonosios žarnos sužalojimai diagnozuoti 11,7 % ligonių, operuotų nuo atvirų pilvo ertmės organų trauminių sužalojimų. Plonosios žarnos sužalojimai sudaro 18 % atvirų pilvo sužalojimų. Lengvesnių sužalojimų (I–III laipsnio) komplikacijų dažnis 3 kartus mažesnis nei sunkesnių (IV–V laipsnio). Pooperacinių komplikacijų dažnį ir mirštamumą taip pat lemia gretutinių organų sužalojimai ir nestabili hemodinamika. Penetruojančios pilvo traumos indeksas (PATI) – statistiškai patikimas pooperacinių komplikacijų ir mirštamumo vertinimo rodiklis. Didesnis už 25 PATI rodo didelę pooperacinių komplikacijų ir mirštamumo riziką. Prasminiai žodžiai: atviros pilvo traumos, plonosios žarnos sužalojimai, pooperacinės komplikacijos, mirštamumas, pilvo traumos indeksas. Penetrating small bowel injury Edmundas Gaidamonis, Juozas Stanaitis, Sigitas Tamulis, Robertas Saltanavičius, Rytis Tutkus, Kazimieras Brazauskas, Aurelijus Grigaliūnas, Moisejus Racinas, Jonas Stasinas, Tomas Saladis, Raimundas Lunevičius Background / objective To evaluate the results of treatment of patients with penetrating small bowel injuries and to determine the main factors affecting postoperative morbidity and mortality. Methods Medical records for 126 patients admitted with penetrating small bowel injuries between 1982 and 1998 were reviewed. The patients' age, ASA grade, presence of shock, method of diagnosis, injury grade according to OIS, penetrating abdominal trauma index, operative management, morbidity and mortality were taken into consideration. Results Isolated injuries were found in 47 cases (37.3%). Twenty patients (15.9%) had associated injuries of the organs of the other systems. Postoperative complications developed in 32 patients (25.4%), 6 patients died (mortality rate 4.8%). Postoperative complications were more frequent in patients with grade IV–V versus grade I–III of injury (60% versus 23.4%, p < 0.01). The complications were less in cases of a proximal part of small bowel injury (21.4%), versus a 36.5% complication rate in patients with injuries of the middle and distal parts of the small bowel (p = 0.05). The rate of postoperative complications was 3.6 times higher in patients with PATI over 25 than in patients with PATI from 2 to 25 (p < 0.001); the mortality rate was almost 12.8 times higher (p < 0.005). According to ASA, the rate of postoperative complications and mortality was 11.9% versus 52.9% (p < 0.01) and 1.8% versus 23.5% (p < 0.005) respectively in patients with ASA grade I–III and grades IV–V. Haemodynamical stability had no statistically reliable influence on the postoperative complication rate (40% in stable and 22.6% in unstable haemodynamic patients), but it had a statistically significant influence on mortality rate (15% with unstable and 2.8% with stable haemodynamics, p = 0.05). Conclusions Penetrating small bowel injuries were detected in 11.7% of patients operated on for abdominal trauma and in 18% of patients due to penetrating abdominal injuries. Isolated injuries were found in 37.3% of cases. Most of the patients were haemodynamically stable (84.2%), with grades I–III of injury (88.1%). The operation option was associated to the grade of the injury: primary repair was performed in 86% and resection in 13.5% of cases. The higher risk of complications and mortality rate was associated with a poor general condition (ASA grade IV–V), unstable haemodynamical status, grade of injury more than III, PATI more than 25, and injuries of the distal part of the small bowel. Tube enterodecompression had no influence on the suture insuffitiency rate. Keywords: penetrating abdominal trauma, small bowel injury, postoperative morbidity, mortality, abdominal trauma index.


2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouzi Lachachi ◽  
Issifou Moumouni ◽  
Hakim Atmani ◽  
Sylvaine Durand-Fontanier ◽  
Bernard Descottes

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