Case Reports in Surgery
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Published By Hindawi Limited

2090-6919, 2090-6900

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sunil Basukala ◽  
Bishnu Deep Pathak ◽  
Gaurab Mainali ◽  
Bikash Bahadur Rayamajhi ◽  
Raveesh Mishra ◽  
...  

Splenic abscess is a rare clinical entity with diagnostic challenges. Though rare, it is potentially a life-threatening clinical condition with high mortality reaching more than 70%. The common signs and symptoms include the triad of fever, left upper quadrant tenderness, and leukocytosis. Early diagnosis, however, can readily be made by the combination of clinical features, abdominal ultrasonography (USG), and computed tomography (CT). The management of splenic abscess includes medical therapy, CT-guided percutaneous aspiration, and splenectomy. We, hereby, present a rare case of splenic abscess with gangrenous gas necrosis, who underwent splenectomy.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ali Alkhaibary ◽  
Noura Alsubaie ◽  
Ahoud Alharbi ◽  
Noor Alghanim ◽  
Laila Baydhi ◽  
...  

Background. Hypothalamic lipomas are benign developmental lesions that tend to be discovered incidentally. This article describes the radiological features, outcome, and the postulated theories behind hypothalamic lipomas development. Methods. The electronic archive of neurosurgery was retrospectively reviewed. All patients with a neuroradiological diagnosis of hypothalamic lipoma, between 2005 and 2020, were included. Results. Out of 246 patients with intracranial lipomas, a total of six patients with hypothalamic lipomas have been identified. On computed tomography images, one of the hypothalamic lipomas demonstrated calcification. On magnetic resonance imaging, peripheral enhancement after contrast administration was noted in one of the lesions. Considering the benign nature of the lesions, neurosurgical intervention was not indicated. Conclusion. The majority of patients with hypothalamic lipomas are asymptomatic and undergo brain imaging for other indications. Although uncommon, such developmental lesions can be identified in the general population, especially with the advancement of neuroimaging techniques.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yousef S. Abuzneid ◽  
Hussam I. A. Alzeerelhouseini ◽  
Abdelrahman Rabee ◽  
Wafa Aqel ◽  
Rawan F. Ayyad ◽  
...  

Introduction. Foreign body ingestion is a common pediatric complain, and most can be passed spontaneously; however, magnetic object ingestion is rather rare, and they can cause severe complications when multiple magnets are ingested, as they lead to entrapment of bowel walls between them, causing ischemia, pressure necrosis, perforation, and fistula formation. Case Presentation. Herein, we present a case of a 16-month-old female patient presented to our department complaining of continuous vomiting for two days along with fever and irritability. X-ray revealed dilated bowel loops with a radioopaque foreign body in the right lower quadrant. After discussing with the parents, exploratory laparotomy was done, showing two bowel perforations at the site of the magnets. Affected bowel was resected with anastomosis. The patient was discharged after 3 days with an uneventful recovery. Discussion. The diagnosis and management of magnet ingestion differ from those of small foreign bodies, which are usually managed conservatively by watchful waiting. Usually, the diagnosis is done due to complications such as peritonitis and death. On the other hand, management depends on the number, size, magnetic field, and shape of the magnet, and whether it has passed the pylorus or not. Conclusion. It is important to establish the diagnosis of this condition as early as possible to prevent complications. Despite the efforts that were made to try to prevent and minimize the risk of magnet ingestion, more investigations are required to reach a common and united strategy for management of such conditions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Julia Pereira Muniz Pontes ◽  
Pedro Henrique Costa Ferreira-Pinto ◽  
Elington Lannes Simoes ◽  
Thaina Zanon Cruz ◽  
Jefferson Trivino Sanchez ◽  
...  

Background. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) remains the main treatment for hydrocephalus. However, VPS revision surgery is very common. Here, we present a case in which the retained ventricular catheter was removed using the endoscopic monopolar instrument. Methods. We report a case of a 28-year-old female who presented with VPS obstruction. She had two previous shunt revision surgeries due to shunt obstruction. Eleven years after the last one, she presented an abdominal pseudocyst that indicated a total system removal. During VPS revision surgery, a retained ventricular catheter was observed. The endoscopic monopolar instrument was introduced into the retained catheter under direct view. Coagulations in a back-and-forth movement were applied to release inner catheter adhesions. After these steps, the catheter was removed, and a new one was placed through the same route. Results. The catheter was removed without complications, confirmed by the postoperative cranial computed tomography. The patient remained asymptomatic. Conclusion. The described technique was effective and avoided ventricular bleeding. Further studies are necessary to validate this method.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ali Mehri ◽  
Aida Ayati afin ◽  
Masoumeh Gharib ◽  
Mohammad Etezadpour

Introduction. Echinococcosis is a zoonotic infection caused by Echinococcus species. Iran is endemic for Echinococcus granulosus. Here, we present a case of hydatidosis in an 85-year-old man, presented with acute, dull, constant, and generalized abdominal pain. A computed tomography scan (CT scan) showed an intact hydatid cyst on the bladder dome and several hydatid cysts in the liver. Open surgery revealed a cyst with hepatic origin, confirmed with histopathological studies. Conclusion. Although a primary abdominal hydatid cyst is very rare, it can be transferred to the abdominal cavity without any rupture as secondary ones. In this case, rupture of the liver wall was the reason for this transfer. As a result, there should be a suspicion of hydatidosis in a patient with a similar presentation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Yuqian Tian ◽  
Carrie Luu ◽  
Danielle H. Carpenter ◽  
Grace Montenegro

Gallbladder carcinoma can be challenging to diagnose and treat and usually leads to poor outcome, due to its aggressive nature and the nonspecific clinical presentation at early stage. We describe an interesting case of a 60-year-old female who presented with stage 3 appendiceal carcinoma after appendectomy was performed outside hospital. Further imaging workup demonstrated enlarged ovarian cysts and porcelain gallbladder. Upon exploration, she was found to have carcinomatosis and we proceeded with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal therapy (HIPEC). Final pathology demonstrated carcinoma from gallbladder primary.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
C.-E. Heyde ◽  
G. Osterhoff ◽  
Spiegl UJA ◽  
A. Völker ◽  
N. H. von der Höh ◽  
...  

Background. Pedicle screw fixation in the cervical spine provides biomechanical advantages compared to other stabilization techniques. However, pedicle screw insertion in this area is challenging due to the anatomical conditions with a high risk of breaching the small pedicles and violating the vertebral artery or neural structures. Today, several techniques to facilitate screw insertion and to make the procedure safer are used. 3-D-printed patient-matched guides based on a CT reconstruction are a helpful technique which allows to reduce operation time and to improve the safety of pedicle screw insertion at the cervical spine. Cases. 3-D-printed patient-matched drill guides based on a CT scan with a 3-D reconstruction of the spine were used in two challenging cervical spine surgical tumor cases to facilitate the implantation of the pedicle screws. The screw position was controlled postoperatively by means of the routinely performed CT scan. Results. Postoperative imaging (conventional radiographs and CT scan) revealed the correct position of the pedicle screws. The time needed for screw insertion was short, and the need for intraoperative fluoroscopy could be reduced. There was no intra- or postoperative complication related to the pedicle screw implantation. Both tumors could be removed completely. Conclusion. These preliminary results show that 3-D-printed patient-specific guides are a promising tool to support and facilitate the implantation of cervical pedicle screws. The time needed for insertion is short, and intraoperative fluoroscopy time can be reduced. This technique allows for both a meticulous preoperative planning and a correct and therefore safe intraoperative positioning of cervical spine pedicle screws.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Sara Husain ◽  
Mohamed Isa ◽  
Raed Almarzooq

Here, we report a case of a 42-year-old female patient with left lobular breast cancer-gastric metastasis (initially misdiagnosed five years ago as an invasive ductal carcinoma) presenting with dyspepsia, weight loss, and persistent vomiting lasting for four weeks. Upper GI endoscopy revealed evidence of linitis plastica, and histological and immunocytochemical analyses of the biopsy confirmed gastric metastasis secondary to invasive lobular breast carcinoma.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Almahmeed ◽  
Eman Aljufairi ◽  
Noof Alshaibani

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women, and while metastasis is common to areas like the bone, lungs, and brain, it is rare to metastasize to the gastrointestinal tract and especially to the rectum. Due to the rarity of this condition and its resemblance clinically and radiologically to primary gastrointestinal tract tumors, diagnosis and treatment are challenging. We present a case of metastatic lobular mammary carcinoma in a 52-year-old Bahraini woman who presented with an obstructing rectal mass.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nicholas R. Fanselow ◽  
Nolan Wallace ◽  
Daniel Sehi ◽  
Lokesh Coomar ◽  
John Martin ◽  
...  

Several thoracic vasculature variations were observed in an 81-year-old male cadaver during routine dissection. These included 5 common trunks of posterior intercostal arteries, a descending branch of the right vertebral artery, and atypical neurovascular relationships within intercostal spaces. On the right side, two common trunks of posterior intercostal arteries were observed supplying the 4th-7th intercostal spaces and 9th-11th intercostal spaces, respectively. There was also a small accessary branch supplying the 9th intercostal space. The first three posterior intercostal spaces on the right were supplied by a descending branch of the vertebral artery. On the left side, three common trunks of posterior intercostal arteries were encountered, supplying intercostal spaces 3-5, 6-7, and 11 plus the subcostal space. An atypical neurovascular relationship was observed in the right 6th intercostal space, as well as the left 2nd, 3rd, and 6th intercostal spaces. This is the first case report that presents 5 common trunks of posterior intercostal arteries, as well as common trunks in conjunction with other arterial variation in the posterior thoracic wall. These variations carry a high level of clinical significance and may be helpful in guiding decision-making related to surgical procedures related to the posterior thoracic cavity and spine.


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