scholarly journals Screening and Identification of Chitin Degrading Bacteria from Local Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Mansha ◽  
Abdul Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Local Environment ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Screening And Identification

scholarly journals Isolation, Screening, and Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Natural Reserves in the Subtropical Region of China and Optimization of Cellulase Production byPaenibacillus terraeME27-1

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Ling Liang ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Yuan Wu ◽  
Jia-Xun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Subtropical Region ◽  
Cmcase Activity ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Screening And Identification ◽  
Natural Reserves

From different natural reserves in the subtropical region of China, a total of 245 aerobic bacterial strains were isolated on agar plates containing sugarcane bagasse pulp as the sole carbon source. Of the 245 strains, 22 showed hydrolyzing zones on agar plates containing carboxymethyl cellulose after Congo-red staining. Molecular identification showed that the 22 strains belonged to 10 different genera, with theBurkholderiagenus exhibiting the highest strain diversity and accounting for 36.36% of all the 22 strains. Three isolates among the 22 strains showed higher carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity, and isolate ME27-1 exhibited the highest CMCase activity in liquid culture. The strain ME27-1 was identified asPaenibacillus terraeon the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as well as physiological and biochemical properties. The optimum pH and temperature for CMCase activity produced by the strain ME27-1 were 5.5 and 50°C, respectively, and the enzyme was stable at a wide pH range of 5.0–9.5. A 12-fold improvement in the CMCase activity (2.08 U/mL) of ME27-1 was obtained under optimal conditions for CMCase production. Thus, this study provided further information about the diversity of cellulose-degrading bacteria in the subtropical region of China and foundP. terraeME27-1 to be highly cellulolytic.

Screening and identification of newly isolated cellulose-degrading bacteria from the gut of xylophagous termite Microcerotermes diversus (Silvestri)

Microbiology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 736-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Pourramezan ◽  
G. R. Ghezelbash ◽  
B. Romani ◽  
S. Ziaei ◽  
A. Hedayatkhah
Keyword(s):  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Screening And Identification

Screening and Identification of Glufosinate-Degrading Bacteria from Glufosinate-Treated Soils

Weed Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chau-Ling Hsiao ◽  
Chiu-Chung Young ◽  
Ching-Yuh Wang
Keyword(s):  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Screening And Identification ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Competition Pressure ◽  
Rdna Analysis

In order to select efficient and competitive glufosinate-degrading bacteria, two soils which had been treated with glufosinate annually for more than 5 yr were screened. Three strains tolerant to this herbicide were identified by 16S rDNA analysis asBurkholderia sacchari,Serratia marcescens, andPseudomonas psychrotolerans. In addition, a moderately tolerant strain,P. citronellolis, was isolated from a soil which had received glufosinate treatment for only 6 mo. In culture medium containing high concentration of glufosinate, the former three strains showed significant ability to degrade this glutamine synthetase inhibitor, suggesting that glufosinate-degrading bacteria would be readily found in soils after a long-term induction or selection. A subsequent biodegradation experiment showed that 30 and 50% of glufosinate was degraded 7 and 21 d after treatment (DAT), respectively, in sterilized soils inoculated with the above-mentioned three tolerant strains. While more than 30% of the glufosinate in nonsterilized soils was degraded 7 DAT by the indigenous edaphic microbes, inoculation with the three selected strains enhanced glufosinate degradation to nearly 50%. A study on the competition from edaphic microorganisms in soils by polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis revealed that within 21 d after inoculation (DAI), the propagation ofB. sacchariandP. psychrotoleranswas not affected, whereas that of the less tolerantP. citronelloliswas inhibited. This observation suggests that a long-term herbicide exposure is a promotive factor in generating bacterial strains having high degradation efficiency and showing vigorous propagation under the competition pressure arising from indigenous microbes.

Isolation, Screening and Identification of Phenol-Degrading Bacteria from Coking Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 2027-2031
Author(s):  
Xue Kai Sun ◽  
Xi Ping Ma ◽  
Cheng Bin Xu ◽  
Jie Bai ◽  
Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Coking Wastewater ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Screening And Identification ◽  
Physiological Tests

Phenol is the most common pollutant which can be found in several types of industries. It is highly toxic to human beings. To seek the best phenol-degrading bacteria, we collected activated sludge from an aeration tank of the coking wastewater treatment plant, Benxi Iron and Steel Corporation. Five phenol-degrading strains, designated BS3, BS4, BS23, BS28 and BS29, were isolated and screened from activated sludge. Under the conditions of initial phenol 500 mg•L-1,170 rpm and 28°C, the removal efficiencies of BS3, BS4, BS23, BS28 and BS29 strains reached to 79.6%±1.8%, 55.2%±1.0%, 62.4%±2.6%, 78.6%±2.0% and 61.2%±1.9% within 24 h, respectively. By a series of morphological and biochemical and physiological tests, the five phenol-degrading bacteria were identified. The results indicated that they were Pseudomonas spp.. Hence these strains can be effectively used for bioremediation of phenol contaminated water.

Screening and identification of organics-degrading bacteria from the sediment of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus ponds

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongsheng Zhang ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Guo Qiao ◽  
Shuang Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Apostichopus Japonicus ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Screening And Identification

scholarly journals Isolation, screening and identification of ligno-cellulolytic fungi from northern central Morocco

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasna Nait M’barek ◽  
Behnam Taidi ◽  
Touhami Smaoui ◽  
Mohamed Ben Aziz ◽  
Aouatef Mansouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Mucor Circinelloides ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Screening And Identification

Description of the subject. Extracellular enzymes from filamentous fungi are increasingly used in eco-friendly biotransformation processes. Their relevant technological role and their stability towards extreme process conditions make of them the first sustainable solution for the elaboration of bio-based products from biomass conversion. Objectives. This paper describes the isolation of filamentous fungi from decaying plant material in the region of Meknes (northern central Morocco) and the assessment of their ability to breakdown lignocellulose. The objective is to select performant fungi with enzymatic machinery adapted to local environment and with potential for the breakdown of the regional specific lignocellulosic by-products into potentially high-value molecules. Method. Cereals, decaying wood, olive-pomace and -pulp and their composts were used to isolate lignocellulolytic fungi. One hundred twenty-seven pure strains were isolated and screened at 25 °C on selective media with cellulose or lignin as the sole carbon source. Performant strains were validated for the production of ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and identified using molecular technique. Results. Twenty-eight fungi had mycelial diameter on cellulose ≥ 6 cm and cellulolytic index ≥ 0.9. Twenty-two strains had the same profile on lignin medium. The production of endoglucanase, lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase enzymes was confirmed in performant strains using qualitative assay and molecular identification revealed that the best performing fungi were Mucor circinelloides, Mucor racemosus, Penicillium brasilianum, Penicillium crustosum, Paecilomyces sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Aspergillus fischeri, Curvularia spicifera, Humicola grisea, Trichoderma atroviride and Cosmospora viridescens. Measurement of ligno-cellulolytic activities revealed that Penicillium and Fusarium strains mainly from wood decay and compost had the best profiles among performing strains. Conclusions. Isolated fungi are high decomposers of biomass and represent a prominent solution to develop green bioprocesses in the region.

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